Food-Energy-Water Nexus in compliance with Sustainable Development Goals for integrating and managing the core environmental verticals for sustainable energy and circular economy.

Food, energy, and water resources are intricately interconnected, and nexus provides a holistic approach for addressing these complex links to minimize inefficiencies and waste. Nexus approach and circular economy are considered as effective solutions for sustainability. Quantification of these relations is the first step towards incorporating nexus modeling which helps sustainable production and consumption.

Insights into sustainable resource and energy recovery from leachate towards emission mitigation for environmental management: A critical approach.

The exponential generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and landfill disposal without any treatment has increased the continuous generation of landfill leachate. Improper MSW and leachate management are contributing to environmental degradation and water and soil pollution, which must be treated. Numerous works have been conducted on leachate treatments for energy and resource recovery.

Enhanced production of acetic acid through bioprocess optimization employing response surface methodology and artificial neural network.

In this study, acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are isolated from fruit waste and cow dung on the basis of acetic acid production potential. The AAB were identified based on halo-zones produced in the Glucose-Yeast extract-Calcium carbonate (GYC media) agar plates. In the current study, maximum acetic acid yield is reported to be 4.

Assessing burden and its determinants in caregivers of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing haemodialysis.

Background: Caregivers face a lot of adversities while supporting their near ones undergoing haemodialysis, and their burden is often ignored by health professionals. The paucity of research in the Indian context has kept their needs out of sight.

Aim: To explore the level of burden in the caregivers of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing haemodialysis and to assess whether patient related variable affects the burden.

Kinetic versus thermodynamic metalation enables synthesis of isostructural homo- and heterometallic trinuclear clusters.

Temperature-dependent metalation of the new hexadentate ligand (tris(5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methane; HTPM) enables the selective synthesis of both mononuclear (i.e. Na(THF)[Fe(TPM)], kinetic product) and trinuclear (i.

Life-cycle assessment of sewage sludge-based large-scale biogas plant.

The aim of this work was to study the life-cycle assessment (LCA) and impact of a biogas plant based on the municipal sewage sludge (6000 m capacity biogas plant at Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), Delawas, Jaipur - Rajasthan, India), analyzing the environmental effects instigated due to basic systems of biogas production and also to examine the impact of using biogas as an alternate fuel using ReCiPe and midpoint methods. The results indicatedthat the construction of plant was insignificant to the whole life cycle impacts. Biogas plant showed negative GHG emissions (-0.

Trends in trigonal prismatic Ln-[1]ferrocenophane complexes and discovery of a Ho single-molecule magnet.

Lanthanide metallocenophanes are an intriguing class of organometallic complexes that feature rare six-coordinate trigonal prismatic coordination environments of 4f elements with close intramolecular proximity to transition metal ions. Herein, we present a systematic study of the structural and magnetic properties of the ferrocenophanes, [LnFc(THF)Li], of the late trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln = Gd (), Ho (), Er (), Tm (), Yb (), Lu ()). One major structural trend within this class of complexes is the increasing diferrocenyl (Fc) average twist angle with decreasing ionic radius ( ) of the central Ln ion, resulting in the largest average Fc twist angles for the Lu compound .

Unusual Methylenediolate Bridged Hexanuclear Ruthenium(III) Complexes: Syntheses and Their Application.

Three structurally analogous hexanuclear ruthenium(III) complexes were isolated with the general molecular formula of [Ru(O)(μ-η-η-CHO)( t-BuCO)(L)] where L = pyridine (1) or 4-dimethylamino pyridine (DMAP; 2) or 4-cyanopyridine (3). Complexes 1 and 3 were solved in the tetragonal I4̅c2 and P422 space group, respectively, while 2 crystallized in the monoclinic system with P2 /c space group. In all three complexes, two oxo-centered Ru(III) triangles were bridged by a unique and a rare methylenediolate (CHO)) ligand.

Influence of Radicals on Magnetization Relaxation Dynamics of Pseudo-Octahedral Lanthanide Iminopyridyl Complexes.

Controlling quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) is a persistent challenge in lanthanide-based single-molecule magnets. As the exchange interaction is one of the key factors in controlling the QTM, we targeted lanthanide complexes with an increased number of radicals around the lanthanide ion. On the basis of our targeted approach, a family of pseudo-octahedral lanthanide/transition-metal complexes were isolated with the general molecular formula of [M(L)] (M = Gd (1), Dy (2), Er (3), Y (4)) using the redox-active iminopyridyl (L) ligand exclusively, which possess the highest ratio of radicals to lanthanide reported for discrete metal complexes.

Lanthanide-Based Porous Coordination Polymers: Syntheses, Slow Relaxation of Magnetization, and Magnetocaloric Effect.

Two lanthanide-containing structurally analogous porous coordination polymers (PCPs) have been isolated with the general molecular formula [Ln(L)(HO)(ox)] .4 nHO (where L = fumarate, ox = oxalate; Ln = Dy (1), Gd (2)). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and TG-MS measurements performed on 1 and 2 suggest that not only the solvated water molecules in the crystal lattice but also the four coordinated water molecules on the respective lanthanides in 1 and 2 are removed upon activation.

Role of the Diamagnetic Zinc(II) Ion in Determining the Electronic Structure of Lanthanide Single-Ion Magnets.

Four complexes containing Dy and Pr ions and their Ln -Zn analogs have been synthesized in order to study the influence that a diamagnetic Zn ion has on the electronic structure and hence, the magnetic properties of the Dy and Pr single ions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed the molecular structures as [Dy (HL) (NO ) ] (1), [Pr (HL) (NO ) ] (2), [Zn Dy (L) (CH CO )(NO ) ] (3) and [Zn Pr (L) (CH CO ) (NO )] (4) (where HL=2-methoxy-6-[(E)-phenyliminomethyl]phenol). The dc and ac magnetic data were collected for all four complexes.

Heteronuclear Ni(ii)-Ln(iii) (Ln = La, Pr, Tb, Dy) complexes: synthesis and single-molecule magnet behaviour.

The reaction of hydrated nickel(II) salts (chloride or nitrate) and hydrated lanthanide nitrate salts with the Schiff base ligand 2-methoxy-6-[(E)-phenyliminomethyl] phenol (HL) in methanol resulted in the isolation of three isostructural linear heterometallic trinuclear complexes and a heterometallic tetranuclear complex. The molecular structures of these complexes were determined via single crystal X-ray diffraction revealing molecular structures of formulae [Ni2La(L-)6](NO3)0.55(OH)0.

Carboxylate free μ-oxo bridged ferric wheel with a record exchange coupling.

A novel oxo-bridged, carboxylate free 'ferric wheel' was isolated with the molecular formula [FeIII8(μ-O)4(L(2-))8] (1). Magnetic susceptibility measurements suggest that the Fe(III) ions are coupled antiferromagnetically and magnetic data modelling yields J1 = -26.4 cm(-1), J2 = -170 cm(-1) which are rationalized by DFT calculation.

Origin of SMM behaviour in an asymmetric Er(III) Schiff base complex: a combined experimental and theoretical study.

An asymmetric erbium(III) Schiff base complex [Er(HL)2(NO3)3] was synthesized which shows SMM behaviour with an Ueff of 5.2 K. Dipolar interaction in 1 significantly reduced upon dilution which increases the barrier height to 51.

A synthetic strategy for switching the single ion anisotropy in tetrahedral Co(II) complexes.

Four novel mononuclear tetrahedral cobalt(II) complexes containing exocyclic mesoionic ligands of molecular formulae [Co(II)(L1)(X)2(MeCN)] X = Cl (1) or Br (2) and [Co(II)(L2)(X)2(MeCN)], X = Cl (3) or Br (4) have been reported. It is found that simple substitution of L1 (O donor in 1 and 2) by L2 (S donor in 3 and 4) results in switching of the single ion magnetic anisotropy parameter (D) from positive to negative, with a significant change in magnitude.

Enhancing the effective energy barrier of a Dy(III) SMM using a bridged diamagnetic Zn(II) ion.

Field induced single-molecule-magnet behaviour is observed for both a heterodinuclear [ZnDy(L(-))2](3+) complex (1) and a mononuclear [Dy(HL)2](3+) complex (2), with effective energy barriers of 83 cm(-1) and 16 cm(-1), respectively. Insights into the relaxation mechanism(s) and barrier heights are provided via ab initio and DFT calculations. Our findings reveal an interesting observation that the U(eff) of SMMs can be enhanced by incorporating diamagnetic metal ions.

Hydroxo-bridged dimers of oxo-centered ruthenium(III) triangle: synthesis and spectroscopic and theoretical investigations.

The homometallic hexameric ruthenium cluster of the formula [Ru(III)6(μ3-O)2(μ-OH)2((CH3)3CCO2)12(py)2] (1) (py = pyridine) is solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Magnetic susceptibility measurements performed on 1 suggest that the antiferromagnetic interaction between the Ru(III) centers is dominant, and this is supported by theoretical studies. Theoretical calculations based on density functional methods yield eight different exchange interaction values for 1: J1 = -737.

Synthesis and magnetothermal properties of a ferromagnetically coupled Ni(II)-Gd(III)-Ni(II) cluster.

A linear trimeric cluster of molecular formula [Ni2Gd(L(-))6](NO3) (1) (L(-) = (C14H12NO2) has been isolated with its structure determined via single crystal X-ray diffraction. Magnetic susceptibility measurements of 1 show that the nickel and gadolinium ions are coupled ferromagnetically, with a ground total spin state (S) of 11/2. Best fit spin Hamiltonian parameters obtained for 1 are J(1(Ni-Gd)) = +0.

Conventional and microwave assisted synthesis of some new N-[(4-oxo-2-substituted aryl -1, 3-thiazolidine)-acetamidyl]-5-nitroindazoles and its antimicrobial activity.

Several new N-[(4-oxo-2-substituted aryl-1, 3-thiazolidine)-acetamidyl]-5-nitroindazoles (4a-l) were synthesized from N-(arylidene amino acetamidyl)-5-nitroindazoles (3a-l). The reactions were carried out by both conventional as well as microwave method. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, FAB-mass spectra and also by microanalytical data.