Efficacy of ketamine versus etomidate for rapid sequence intubation, among critically ill patients in terms of mortality and success rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Etomidate as well as ketamine are hemodynamically stable induction agents for rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in critically ill patients. Despite, their relative stability in terms of hemodynamics, the impact of choice of agent, on mortality and success of the procedure, is debatable and has not yet been explored via systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim And Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to compare the efficacy of ketamine versus etomidate for RSI in terms of mortality, hemodynamic parameters, and success rate.

Effect of prophylactic phenylephrine versus norepinephrine on foeto-maternal outcomes in caesarean delivery under neuraxial anaesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Background And Aims: The prevention of hypotension in parturients scheduled for caesarean section is of utmost importance for improving foeto-maternal outcomes. We compared the prophylactic use of phenylephrine (PE) and norepinephrine (NE) on foeto-maternal outcomes in women undergoing caesarean delivery under neuraxial anaesthesia. Umbilical artery (UA) pH was the primary objective, and umbilical vein (UV) pH, APGAR scores, incidence of bradycardia, hypotension, and hypertension were secondary objectives.

Nebulized Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Sore Throat: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Postoperative sore throat (POST) is common following general anesthesia, and the effects of preoperative nebulized dexmedetomidine on reducing the incidence of POST is uncertain. We aimed to clarify the efficacy of preoperative nebulized dexmedetomidine compared to nebulized ketamine and placebo on the incidence of POST. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed from the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, Google Scholar databases (inception to May 2024).

Role of cardiac and lung ultrasonography in predicting weaning failure in patients with acute kidney injury requiring mechanical ventilation: A pilot study.

Purpose: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) has an incidence of 20-50 % in patients admitted in Intensive Care Unit. As weaning failure is associated with increased morbidity, its prediction and understanding of its physiological basis holds extreme importance in guided management and prognostication of these patients. We conducted this prospective, observational, single - center study to evaluate the efficacy of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and lung ultrasonography (LUS) in predicting weaning failure in patients with AKI requiring mechanical ventilation.

Comparison of Intubating Conditions Between Direct Laryngoscopy and C-MAC Video-laryngoscopy in Patients With Simulated Cervical Spine Immobilization: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Intubation of patients requiring cervical spine immobilization can be challenging. Recently, the use of C-MAC video laryngoscopes (VL) has increased in popularity over direct laryngoscopy (DL). We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of C-MAC VL as compared with DL for intubation in C-spine immobilized patients.

Efficacy of melatonin in decreasing the incidence of delirium in critically ill adults: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine whether enteral melatonin decreases the incidence of delirium in critically ill adults.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, adults were admitted to the intensive care unit and received either usual standard care alone (Control Group) or in combination with 3mg of enteral melatonin once a day at 9 PM (Melatonin Group). Concealment of allocation was done by serially numbered opaque sealed envelopes.

Anaesthetic concerns of a child with symptomatic vitamin D deficiency rickets with secondary hyperparathyroidism: A case report.

Rickets is a paediatric bone disorder characterised by defective mineralisation of bony matrix due to abnormalities in calcium and phosphate metabolism. Despite being a common disease globally, literature on the anaesthetic concerns in rickets are scant. Herein, we describe the management of a 12-year-old child with symptomatic vitamin D deficiency rickets with secondary hyperparathyroidism, undergoing general anaesthesia for an urgent orthopaedic procedure.

Perioperative concerns in a patient with suspected Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease: A case report and review of literature.

A case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), a rare prion disease, posted for surgery is a clinically challenging scenario for an anesthesiologist. In addition to weighing in the consequences of using general versus neuraxial anesthesia for a patient of such a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, the anesthesiologist must also meticulously plan and institute a robust infection control protocol, keeping in mind that prion diseases are transmissible and highly resistant to the standard sterilization process. We hereby report the successful anesthetic management of a 57-year-old patient with suspected CJD presented with intertrochanteric fracture femur for closed reduction and internal fixation and also review the existing literature regarding the anesthetic management of a definite or suspected case of CJD.

Postoperative outcome of neonatal emergency surgeries in a tertiary care institute-A prospective observational study.

Aims: Neonatal surgical mortality continues to be high in developing countries. A better understanding of perioperative events and optimization of causative factors can help in achieving a favorable outcome. The present study was designed to evaluate the perioperative course of surgical neonates and find out potential factors contributing to postoperative mortality.

Supraglottic airway device versus tracheal tube for pediatric laparoscopic surgery-A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Conventionally, tracheal tubes have been used for general anesthesia in pediatric laparoscopic surgeries. Recently, supraglottic devices are being used for the same. The performance of supraglottic devices versus tracheal tubes in children undergoing laparoscopic surgery is uncertain.

Harmonizing the Septic Shock Terminology: Need of the Hour.

Magoon R, Puri S, Bandyopadhyay A. Harmonizing the Septic Shock Terminology: Need of the Hour. Indian J Crit Care Med 2023;27(4):294-295.

Peri-Intubation Hypoxia After Delayed Versus Rapid Sequence Intubation in Critically Injured Patients on Arrival to Trauma Triage: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Critically injured patients who are agitated and delirious on arrival do not allow optimal preoxygenation in the emergency area. We investigated whether the administration of intravenous (IV) ketamine 3 minutes before administration of a muscle relaxant is associated with better oxygen saturation levels while intubating these patients.

Methods: Two hundred critically injured patients who required definitive airway management on arrival were recruited.

Fiberoptic Bronchoscope-guided vs Mini-surgical Technique of Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Intensive Care Units: A Comment.

Bandyopadhyay A, Puri S, Ashok V. Fiberoptic Bronchoscope-guided vs Mini-surgical Technique of Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Intensive Care Units: A Comment. Indian J Crit Care Med 2023;27(1):78.

Supplemental intraoperative crystalloids for pediatric postoperative nausea and vomiting-A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative nausea and/or vomiting is a relatively frequent occurrence after general anesthesia in pediatric patients. Supplemental perioperative crystalloid fluid administration has been shown to have a positive effect on the incidence of nausea and/or vomiting in adults undergoing surgery. The question arises whether supplemental intraoperative intravenous fluids in pediatric patients offers beneficial results with regards to pediatric postoperative nausea and/or vomiting.

Colonization of the central venous catheter by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in an ICU setting: An impending outbreak managed in time.

Background: Stenotrophomonas maltophiliacauses opportunistic infections in immunocompromised and patients in intensive care units (ICUs). An outbreak of S. maltophilia in ICU is described which highlights the importance of the risk of infection from contaminated medical devices and suction fluids in ventilated patients.