Liposomal delivery of organoselenium-cisplatin complex as a novel therapeutic approach for colon cancer therapy.

Cisplatin is a widely-used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of various solid neoplasms including colon cancer. Cisplatin-induced DNA damage is restricted due to dose-related adverse reactions as well as primary resistance mechanisms. Therefore, it is imperative to utilize novel therapeutic approaches to circumvent cisplatin limitations and attenuate its normal tissues toxicity.

Surface-modified cationic liposomes with a matrix metalloproteinase-degradable polyethylene glycol derivative improved doxorubicin delivery in murine colon cancer.

PEGylation is a commonly used approach to prolong the blood circulation time of cationic liposomes. However, PEGylation is associated with the "PEG dilemma", which hinders binding and uptake into tumor cells. The cleavable PEG products are a possible solution to this problem.

The effect of m2 peptide targeted nanoliposomes containing crocin on induction of phenotypic change in tumor macrophages to M1 state.

Aims: Crocin has immunomodulatory and anticancer effects. In this study, crocin was used to induce the M1 phenotype in mouse tumor macrophages.

Main Methods: A targeted liposomal formulation with m2 peptide was prepared and characterized to deliver crocin to the M2 macrophages present in the tumor environment.

Doxorubicin-loaded liposomes surface engineered with the matrix metalloproteinase-2 cleavable polyethylene glycol conjugate for cancer therapy.

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the prominent leading causes of fatality worldwide. Despite recent advancements within the field of cancer therapy, the cure rates and long-term survivals of patients suffering from colorectal cancer have changed little. The application of conventional chemotherapeutic agents like doxorubicin is limited by some drawbacks such as cardiotoxicity and hematotoxicity.

The comparison of biodistribution of glutathione PEGylated nanoliposomal doxorubicin formulations prepared by pre-insertion and post-insertion methods for brain delivery in normal mice.

Several obstacles limit the efficacy of brain tumour treatment, most notably the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents the brain uptake of the majority of accessible medicines due to tight junctions. The presence of glutathione (GSH) receptors on the BBB surface has been demonstrated in numerous papers; consequently, products containing glutathione as a targeting ligand coupled with nanoliposomes are used to enhance drug delivery across the BBB. Here, the 5% pre-inserted PEG2000-GSH PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin was conducted according to 2B3-101 being tested in clinical trials.

The role of size in PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin biodistribution and anti-tumour activity.

The size of nanoliposome-encapsulated drugs significantly affects their therapeutic efficacy, biodistribution, targeting ability, and toxicity profile for the cancer treatment. In the present study, the biodistribution and anti-tumoral activity of PEGylated liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD) formulations with different sizes were investigated. First, 100, 200, and 400 nm PLDs were prepared by remote loading procedure and characterised for their size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficacy, and release properties.

A novel and easy to prepare azo-based bioreductive linker and its application in hypoxia-sensitive cationic liposomal doxorubicin: Synthesis, characterization, in vitro and in vivo studies in mice bearing C26 tumor.

This study designed and synthesized a cost-effective azo-based hypoxia-sensitive linker (AHSL) using commercially accessible, inexpensive raw materials and simple methods to apply in cationic nanoliposomes. Then, AHSL was post-inserted into the cationic liposome (Cat-lip), and PEG-Azo-Cat-lip was prepared and characterized using DLS. The decrease in the zeta-potential of formulation from + 18.

Redox-sensitive doxorubicin liposome: a formulation approach for targeted tumor therapy.

In this study redox-sensitive (RS) liposomes manufactured using 10,10'-diselanediylbis decanoic acid (DDA), an organoselenium RS compound, to enhance the therapeutic performance of doxorubicin (Dox). The DDA structure was confirmed by 1H NMR and LC-MS/MS. Various liposomal formulations (33 formulations) were prepared using DOPE, Egg PC, and DOPC with Tm ˂ 0 and DDA.

Amino acid coordination complex mediates cisplatin entrapment within PEGylated liposome: An implication in colorectal cancer therapy.

Cis-Diaminedichloroplatinum (cisplatin, CDDP) remained among the most widely used anti-cancer agents; however, management of the dose-limiting side effects is still a great hurdle to its therapeutic potential. In the framework of this investigation, novel approach was developed for CDDP encasement within liposome based on the formation of a coordination bond between the platinum (II) atom and a carboxylic group in aspartic acid (AA) and glutamic acid (GA). We have also compared two methods of preparation based on equilibration and conventional lipid film hydration.

Neuroprotection by curcumin: A review on brain delivery strategies.

Neurodegenerative diseases are a major global public health concern in the elderly population but therapeutic options are limited. Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from the dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. and shows good potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors.

Development of nano-carriers for vaccine delivery.

: Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical infection caused by several species of intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. It is strongly believed that the development of vaccines is the most appropriate approach to control leishmaniasis. However, there is no vaccine available yet and the lack of an appropriate adjuvant delivery system is the main reason.

Endogenous stimuli-responsive linkers in nanoliposomal systems for cancer drug targeting.

There are various drug delivery systems (DDSs) among which nanoliposomal formulations are among the most prominent. Despite the superiority of nanoliposomal DDSs compared to conventional drug delivery methods, recent reports have claimed that they can deliver small amounts of the injected dose to target site by passive targeting. However, our understanding of tumor microenvironment features, including dysregulation of pH, the high intracellular concentration of glutathione, change in the amount and expression of some enzymes, reactive oxygen species, hypoxia, and ATP concentrations, has driven the scope of research into the use of these endogenous stimuli for a design of smart linkers.

Liposomal nanocarriers for statins: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics appraisal.

Statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, are a well-known class of drug with beneficial therapeutic effects in cardiovascular disease and lipid disorders and have potential use against cancer. However, the bioavailability of statins is hampered due to low aqueous solubility and rapid metabolism. To improve pharmacokinetic profiles of statins, development of drug delivery systems is promising.

Liposomal adjuvant development for leishmaniasis vaccines.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that ranges in severity from skin lesions to fatality. Since long-lasting protection is induced upon recovery from cutaneous leishmaniasis, development of an effective vaccine is promising. However, there is no vaccine for use in humans yet.