Simultaneous interpreting with auto-subtitling: Investigating viewer cognitive effort, stress, and comprehension.

Simultaneous interpreting (SI) enables real-time cross-language communication without significant delays and is vital for fast-paced environments such as multilingual conferences. Automatic subtitles, powered by artificial intelligence (AI), is an important mode of audiovisual translation and has been widely deployed by virtual conferencing platforms to help users overcome language barriers. While the cognitive and emotional impacts of SI have been explored in prior studies, research directly comparing SI, auto-subtitling, and their combined use remains limited.

Ultra-early computed tomography markers of haematoma expansion: Potential trial targets?

Introduction: The predictive value of CT markers of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) expansion is time-dependent, but data in the ultra-early period (<2 h from onset) are limited. We aimed to describe the frequency of these CT markers, their association with haematoma volume, haematoma expansion (HE) and functional outcome at 90-days. We also investigated the effect of tranexamic acid on HE in the presence of these markers.

General vs Nongeneral Anesthesia for Endovascular Thrombectomy in Patients With Large Core Strokes: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis of SELECT2 Trial.

Background And Objectives: The association of anesthesia approach during endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) with clinical outcomes in large strokes is unexplored. We aimed to evaluate whether general anesthesia (GA), compared with non-GA, was associated with better functional outcomes in the SELECT2 trial.

Methods: In a prespecified secondary analysis of the SELECT2 trial that enrolled patients with large strokes on noncontrast CT (Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score [ASPECTS] 3-5), CT perfusion/MRI (core volume ≥50 mL), or both, functional outcomes were compared in EVT-treated patients who received GA or non-GA and whether this association was modified by stroke severity (NIH Stroke Scale score), ischemic injury estimates, and collateral status was evaluated.

Time to endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke in language other than English (LOTE) communities in South-Western Sydney.

Background: Access to endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and the outcome disparities in culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations are understudied. South-Western Sydney (SWS), characterised by high prevalence of CALD populations, provides an ideal setting to explore these disparities. This study aimed to assess whether being born in a country where English is not the primary language ('language other than English'; LOTE) affects access to EVT and outcomes for acute ischaemic stroke while also identifying demographic risk factors influencing stroke severity and outcomes.

Cognitive constraints in bilingual processing-an entropy-based discrimination between translation and second language production.

This study investigates to what extent second language production (L2) and translational production are influenced by cognitive constraints due to their bilingual processing. Compared with monolingual production in first language (L1), the two bilingual productions are subject to the same cognitive constraints due to the co-activation of two linguistic systems and the language contact interference, though they involve two distinctive conceptualization stages, which may cause variations to their cognitive constraint. Entropy is utilized as an indicator of cognitive constraints in the study to illuminate how bilingual processing causes cognitive constraints to the two bilingual productions.

Venous thromboembolism after hospitalization for COVID-19: venous thrombosis virtual surveillance in COVID study.

Background: COVID-19 induces a prothrombotic state that increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients, but the incidence of postdischarge VTE is not well characterized in prospective studies.

Objective: To determine the incidence of symptomatic VTE after hospitalization with COVID-19 infection.

Methods: The Venous Thrombosis Virtual Surveillance in COVID (VVIRTUOSO) study was a prospective multicenter cohort study (2021 to 2022) conducted at 6 sites in Canada.

Recurrent CT perfusion imaging abnormalities in a patient with bow hunter's syndrome.

Bow hunter's syndrome is a rare syndrome of dynamic compression of the vertebral artery leading to recurrent posterior circulation stroke and/or transient ischaemic attack. The artery is compressed by the transverse process of a cervical vertebra or other structures. We describe a man in his 20s who had recurrent posterior circulation strokes confirmed on CT perfusion imaging before a dynamic left vertebral artery stenosis was found on neck manoeuvres during digital subtraction angiography.

Ultra-Early Hematoma Expansion Is Associated With Ongoing Hematoma Growth and Poor Functional Outcome.

Background: There are limited data on ultra-early hematoma growth dynamics and their clinical impact in primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to estimate the incidence of hematoma expansion within the hyperacute period of ICH, describe hematoma dynamics over time, investigate the associations between ultra-early hematoma expansion and clinical outcomes after ICH, and assess the effect of tranexamic acid on ultra-early hematoma expansion.

Methods: We performed a preplanned secondary analysis of the STOP-MSU trial (Stopping Intracerebral Hemorrhage With Tranexamic Acid for Hyperacute Onset Presentation Including Mobile Stroke Units), which compared tranexamic acid with placebo in 201 patients with primary ICH presenting within 2 hours of symptom onset.

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Occlusions With Large Ischemic Strokes: Insights From the SELECT2 Trial.

Background And Objectives: Although previous trials have established the efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in large ischemic core strokes, most of them excluded patients with extracranial internal carotid artery (e-ICA) occlusion. We aimed to compare outcomes in patients with e-ICA occlusion and large ischemic core infarcts treated with EVT vs medical management (MM).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the SELECT2 trial, a randomized controlled trial conducted at 31 international sites.

Newest "Co-Members" of the 1000s Club: A Case of Severe Transaminitis Secondary to Epstein-Barr and Dengue Virus Co-Infection in a Returning Traveler.

Background: Timely identification of the etiology of transaminitis is critical in informing subsequent management as strategies can vary from supportive care to urgent transplant assessment. This is especially important in returning travelers as there may be multiple causes of injury that need to be addressed.

Case Report: We present a case of severe transaminitis secondary to non-hepatitis viral co-infections.

Anesthetic Techniques for Ablation in Atrial Fibrillation: A Comparative Review.

Atrial fibrillation, the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, has witnessed significant advancements in treatment modalities, transitioning from invasive procedures like the maze procedure to minimally invasive catheter ablation techniques. This review focuses on recent improvements in anesthetic approaches that enhance outcomes in catheter atrial fibrillation ablation. We highlight the efficacy of contact force sensing catheters with steerable introducer sheaths, which outperform traditional catheters by ensuring more effective contact time and lesion formation.

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke from Acute M2 Occlusion.

Pediatric large-vessel occlusion has a poor natural history. Recent retrospective studies have demonstrated the potential benefits, feasibility, and safety profile of mechanical thrombectomy in children. However, the role of thrombectomy in pediatric M2 occlusions remains uncertain.

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large Ischemic Stroke Across Ischemic Injury and Penumbra Profiles.

Importance: Whether endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) efficacy for patients with acute ischemic stroke and large cores varies depending on the extent of ischemic injury is uncertain.

Objective: To describe the relationship between imaging estimates of irreversibly injured brain (core) and at-risk regions (mismatch) and clinical outcomes and EVT treatment effect.

Design, Setting, And Participants: An exploratory analysis of the SELECT2 trial, which randomized 352 adults (18-85 years) with acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery (M1 segment) and large ischemic core to EVT vs medical management (MM), across 31 global centers between October 2019 and September 2022.

Primary Epiploic Appendagitis: A Mimicker of Abdominal Pain.

Epiploic appendagitis is a rare cause of acute lower abdominal pain. Epiploic appendices are fat-filled serosal outpouchings of the cecum and sigmoid colon. Primary epiploic appendagitis (PEA) is characterized by epiploic inflammation caused by torsion of the appendage leading to ischemia or thrombosis of the appendage draining vein.

Most endovascular thrombectomy patients have Target Mismatch despite absence of formal CT perfusion selection criteria.

Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the standard of care for large vessel occlusion stroke. Use of Computed Tomographic Perfusion (CTP) to select EVT candidates is variable. The frequency of treatment and outcome in patients with unfavourable CTP patterns is unknown.

Balloon assisted Woven endobridge deployment (BAWD): A safety and efficacy study.

Background: Balloon-assisted deployment/remodelling is a proven adjunctive technique for coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms, and it may be a helpful adjunct in delivering the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device.

Objective: To evaluate the safety, efficacy and feasibility of balloon-assisted WEB deployment in both ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms in both typical and atypical locations.

Methods: Patients who underwent treatment of ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms with the BAWD technique were retrospectively identified from a prospectively maintained database at two neurointerventional centres.

Prior anticoagulation and bridging thrombolysis improve outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing endovascular thrombectomy for anterior circulation stroke.

Background: Where stroke occurs with pre-existing atrial fibrillation (AF)studies validating the safety and efficacy of bridging thrombolysis, and the use of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in the setting of prior anticoagulation, are limited to single-center reports.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis, AF patients undergoing EVT for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke enrolled in a prospectively-maintained, international multicenter database (International Stroke Perfusion Imaging Registry (INSPIRE)) between 2016 and 2019 were studied. Patients were categorized by anticoagulation status: anticoagulated (warfarin/non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants) versus not anticoagulated.

Enhancing end of life care on general internal medical wards: the 3 Wishes Project.

Background: Initially developed in the intensive care unit (ICU) at St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton (SJHH) the 3 Wishes Project (3WP) provides personalized, compassionate care to dying patients and their families. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate 3WP expansion strategies for patients cared for on General Internal Medicine (GIM) wards in our hospital.