Efficacy of Three Different Injection Techniques for the Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) in Children: A Review of 10 Years of Experience.

Aim: To review our 10 years of experience with the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children, emphasizing the long-term efficacy of the "combined STING-HIT" technique.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed including all children with symptomatic VUR undergoing the cystoscopic injection of bulking agents from January 2013 to December 2022 in our pediatric tertiary referral center. Three different endoscopic techniques were adopted: the "combined STING-HIT" technique, the STING technique, and the HIT technique.

Testicular Dirofilariasis in an Italian 11-Year-old Child.

Dirofilariasis is a rare infection caused by a vector-borne nematode that can be accidentally transmitted to humans. We report a case of a 11-year-old child with a painless scrotal cyst caused by Dirofilaria repens , initially suspected by ultrasound scan and then confirmed by histopathologic examination.

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopy for Vertebral Body Tethering of Juvenile and Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Tips and Tricks of Surgical Multidisciplinary Management.

VATS (video assisted thoracoscopic surgery) is routinely and successfully performed in minor and major complex thoracic procedures. This technique has been recently introduced for the treatment of severe forms of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) with the aim to repair the deformity, reduce morbidity and to prevent its progression in patients with skeletal immaturity. This study aims to present VATS in anterior vertebral body tethering (AVBT) approach to support the pediatric orthopedic surgeons during vertebral body fixation.

Effectiveness of Articulating Linear Stapler for Total and Partial Laparoscopic Splenectomy in Children.

We performed a retrospective study to determine the effectiveness and feasibility of articulating linear stapler in laparoscopic total splenectomy (LTS) and laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS), focusing on technical laparoscopic skills that could help pediatric surgeons to avoid intra- and postoperative complications. Retrospective cohort study of children younger than 18 years who underwent laparoscopic spleen surgery between January 2008 and March 2020. Age, sex, indication for surgery, operative time (OT), intra- and postoperative complications, and postoperative length of hospital stay (LHS) were analyzed.

Esophageal Atresia: Nutritional Status and Energy Metabolism to Maximize Growth Outcome.

Background: Long-term negative sequelae of esophageal atresia (EA) may induce poor growth and impaired nutritional status in childhood. We describe the nutritional profile and energy metabolism of children with repaired EA to identify malnutrition risk factors and optimize growth management.

Methods: Twenty-one children (>4 years) were included, and anthropometric measurements, nutritional assessment, and energy metabolism were considered.

The Challenges of a Children's Hospital during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Pediatric Surgeon's Point of View.

During the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) emergency, in the pediatric surgical setting, it has been essential to avoid and contain infections as well as to protect both the patients and the surgical team. During this emergency, procedures and workflow were adapted to provide the safest possible environment for both the surgical team and the patients. Pediatric surgical activities were reorganized during the COVID-19 pandemic at the "Vittore Buzzi" Children's Hospital, which is a pediatric/maternal hospital located in Milan (Lombardy Region), Italy.

The First Reported Pediatric Case of Primary Myoepithelial Carcinoma Involving the Whole Lung: Surgical Radical Treatment and Prosthesis Implant.

Primary myoepithelial carcinoma of the lung (PMC-L) arising from the bronchial glands in lower respiratory tract is exceedingly rare. Thus far, few cases in adults and only one in a pediatric patient have been recorded. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PMC-L successfully removed in a child, focusing on the importance of multidisciplinary primary surgery for the treatment of this tumor.

Difficulties in the management of mesenchymal hamartomas.

Aim: Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver is an entity with a varied presentation and frequent initial delay in diagnosis. The macroscopic appearance too is quite heterogeneous with solid, cystic and mixed variants being present with varying degrees of vascularity. Management will depend on presentation and expertise available.

Management of traumatic complete pancreatic fracture in a child: case report and review of literature.

Unlabelled: Blunt abdominal trauma is the most common cause of pancreatic injury in children. Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in a child with complete duct disruption has not been reported in the literature in children, although it has been well described in adults.

Methods: In this paper report a case of a 7-year-old male, with grade 4 pancreatic trauma, who was treated nonoperatively in the acute phase and subsequently by laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy 3 months after the trauma.

The role of the surgeon in the case of a giant neck mass in the EXIT procedure.

Large fetal neck masses can present a major challenge to securing an airway at birth, with associated risks of hypoxia, brain injury, and death. The authors report a case of a giant neck mass, diagnosed in a fetus of 28 weeks, treated through ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure to assist in securing an airway followed by excision of the mass on the day after delivery. A multidisciplinary team approach, combined with an accurate prenatal diagnosis obtained through fetal ultrasound magnetic resonance imaging examination, was the key to a successful outcome.