Correction: Ferraresi et al. Resveratrol Contrasts LPA-Induced Ovarian Cancer Cell Migration and Platinum Resistance by Rescuing Hedgehog-Mediated Autophagy. 2021, , 3213.

In the original publication [...

Amoxicillin-Induced Atypical Exanthema in a Patient with EBV-Related Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Introduction: The concomitant use of antibiotics, especially beta lactams, during acute EBV infection is widely associated with an increased risk of skin manifestations; the actual pathophysiology and prevalence of this phenomenon are still debated.

Case Report: We present the first reported case of atypical exanthema associated with amoxicillin intake in a patient with EBV-related nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We recorded a pattern in the plasma EBV-DNA load consisting of a significant increase at the onset of the rash with a sudden remission after its resolution.

Landscape of paediatric endocrine clinical practice in Italy: results from a survey of the Italian Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED).

Background: Pediatric endocrinology has developed enormously over the last 30 years. Many conditions followed-up are rare and/or chronic complex diseases requiring a high level of expertise. Therefore, defining pediatric endocrinology workforce has become crucial.

Polymer models of chromatin organization in virally infected cells.

Genome architecture is closely tied to essential biological functions, yet a complete understanding of the mechanisms governing DNA folding remains a significant challenge. Theoretical models based on polymer physics have been applied to decipher the complexity of chromatin architecture and uncover the physical processes shaping its structure. Importantly, recent findings suggest that certain viruses can alter the 3D organization of the host genome.

Loss of structural specificity in 3D genome organization upon viral infection is predicted by polymer physics.

In the last years, it has been proved that some viruses are able to re-structure chromatin organization and alter the epigenomic landscape of the host genome. In addition, they are able to affect the physical mechanisms shaping chromatin 3D structure, with a consequent impact on gene activity. Here, we investigate with polymer physics genome re-organization of the host genome upon SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and how it can impact structural variability within the population of single-cell chromatin configurations.

A Multiscale Perspective on Chromatin Architecture through Polymer Physics.

The spatial organization of chromatin within the eukaryotic nucleus is critical in regulating key cellular functions, such as gene expression, and its disruption can lead to disease. Advances in experimental techniques, such as Hi-C and microscopy, have significantly enhanced our understanding of chromatin's intricate and dynamic architecture, revealing complex patterns of interaction at multiple scales. Along with experimental methods, physics-based computational models, including polymer phase separation and loop-extrusion mechanisms, have been developed to explain chromatin structure in a principled manner.

NKX3-2 Induces Ovarian Cancer Cell Migration by HDAC6-Mediated Repositioning of Lysosomes and Inhibition of Autophagy.

Several soluble factors secreted by the stromal cells and cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment facilitate the progression and invasiveness of ovarian cancer. In ovarian cancer cells, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) modulates the transcriptome profile and promotes cell invasiveness by the downregulation of autophagy. Here, we further elucidate this mechanism by focusing on the molecular and cellular events regulating autophagy.

An integrated view of the structure and function of the human 4D nucleome.

The dynamic three-dimensional (3D) organization of the human genome (the "4D Nucleome") is closely linked to genome function. Here, we integrate a wide variety of genomic data generated by the 4D Nucleome Project to provide a detailed view of human 3D genome organization in widely used embryonic stem cells (H1-hESCs) and immortalized fibroblasts (HFFc6). We provide extensive benchmarking of 3D genome mapping assays and integrate these diverse datasets to annotate spatial genomic features across scales.

Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures as a Feasible and Promising Alternative to Two-Dimensional and Animal Models in Cancer Research.

Cancer represents one of the diseases with the highest mortality rate worldwide. The burden of cancer continues to increase, not only affecting the health-related quality of life of patients but also causing an elevated global financial impact. The complexity and heterogeneity of cancer pose significant challenges in research and clinical practice, contributing to increase the failure rate of clinical trials for antitumoral drugs.

Free-Cell Area Impact on Stroke Prevention in Asymptomatic Patients Undergoing Carotid Artery Stenting: The "Carotid Artery sTenting And CeLl-area Impact on Stroke and Major Adverse events" (CATACLISMA) Multicenter Registry.

Purpose: The study investigated the association between cell-stent area and cerebrovascular events incidence in asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS).

Materials And Methods: This is an observational, retrospective, multicenter, cohort study. Between 2012 and 2022, all patients undergoing primary CAS for severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis were evaluated.

Polymer Physics Models Reveal Structural Folding Features of Single-Molecule Gene Chromatin Conformations.

Here, we employ polymer physics models of chromatin to investigate the 3D folding of a 2 Mb wide genomic region encompassing the human gene, a crucial DNA locus involved in key cellular functions. Through extensive Molecular Dynamics simulations, we reconstruct in silico the ensemble of single-molecule 3D structures, which we benchmark against recent in situ Hi-C 2.0 data.

A Human-AI interaction paradigm and its application to rhinocytology.

This article explores Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) in medical cytology, with a focus on enhancing the interaction with AI. It presents a Human-AI interaction paradigm that emphasizes explainability and user control of AI systems. It is an iterative negotiation process based on three interaction strategies aimed to (i) elaborate the system outcomes through iterative steps (Iterative Exploration), (ii) explain the AI system's behavior or decisions (Clarification), and (iii) allow non-expert users to trigger simple retraining of the AI model (Reconfiguration).

Polymer physics models reveal structural folding features of single-molecule gene chromatin conformations.

Here, we employ polymer physics models of chromatin to investigate the 3D folding of a 2Mb wide genomic region encompassing the human gene, a crucial DNA locus involved in key cellular functions. Through extensive Molecular Dynamics simulations, we reconstruct in-silico the ensemble of single-molecule 3D structures, which we benchmark against recent in-situ Hi-C 2.0 data.

Percutaneous Retrograde Trans-Gluteal Embolization of Type 2 Endoleak Causing Iliac Aneurysm Enlargement after Endovascular Repair: Case Report and Literature Review.

Late type II endoleaks (T2ELs) arising from the internal iliac artery (IIA) may present during follow-up after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of aortoiliac aneurysm and may warrant embolization if enlargement of the aneurysmal sac is demonstrated. When coverage of the IIA ostium has been made due to extensive iliac disease, access options can be challenging. Different treatment options have been reported over recent years, and a careful selection of the best one must be made based on the characteristics of each case.

Multiscale modelling of chromatin 4D organization in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells.

SARS-CoV-2 can re-structure chromatin organization and alter the epigenomic landscape of the host genome, but the mechanisms that produce such changes remain unclear. Here, we use polymer physics to investigate how the chromatin of the host genome is re-organized upon infection with SARS-CoV-2. We show that re-structuring of A/B compartments can be explained by a re-modulation of intra-compartment homo-typic affinities, which leads to the weakening of A-A interactions and the enhancement of A-B mixing.

The fine line between automation and augmentation in website usability evaluation.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are becoming widespread in all aspects of society, bringing benefits to the whole economy. There is a growing understanding of the potential benefits and risks of this type of technology. While the benefits are more efficient decision processes and industrial productivity, the risks may include a potential progressive disengagement of human beings in crucial aspects of decision-making.

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Head and Neck Cancers: A Multidisciplinary Survey.

Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have been introduced in various disciplines but remain rather unused in head and neck (H&N) cancers. This survey aimed to infer the current applications of and attitudes toward AI in the multidisciplinary care of H&N cancers. From November 2020 to June 2022, a web-based questionnaire examining the relationship between AI usage and professionals' demographics and attitudes was delivered to different professionals involved in H&N cancers through social media and mailing lists.

Differential Competitive Growth of Transgenic Subclones of Neuroblastoma Cells Expressing Different Levels of Cathepsin D Co-Cultured in 2D and 3D in Response to EGF: Implications in Tumor Heterogeneity and Metastasis.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is an embryonal tumor arising from the sympathetic central nervous system. The epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays a role in NB growth and metastatic behavior. Recently, we have demonstrated that cathepsin D (CD) contrasts EGF-induced NB cell growth in 2D by downregulating EGFR/MAPK signaling.

Automated detection of Alzheimer's disease: a multi-modal approach with 3D MRI and amyloid PET.

Recent advances in deep learning and imaging technologies have revolutionized automated medical image analysis, especially in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease through neuroimaging. Despite the availability of various imaging modalities for the same patient, the development of multi-modal models leveraging these modalities remains underexplored. This paper addresses this gap by proposing and evaluating classification models using 2D and 3D MRI images and amyloid PET scans in uni-modal and multi-modal frameworks.

Oncological treatment administration at end of life: a retrospective study.

This work evaluated the proportion of patients who continue therapy until their last month of life or initiate a new therapy in the last 3 months of life (end of life [EOL]). Data for 486 patients were retrospectively collected. In EOL, 205 (42.

Concomitant large renal cancer and abdominal aortic aneurysm. An original multidisciplinar approach to solve both pathologies saving residual kidney.

A 65-year-old male patient presented a large mass of the left kidney and a concomitant saccular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) of the infrarenal aorta. Due to the particular vascularization of the right kidney in order to allow an endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR), a hybrid staged repair was planned. Through a median laparotomy, a left radical nephrectomy and an ilio-renal bypass were performed, thus creating the anatomical feasibility for subsequent EVAR.

Muscle quality and not quantity as a predictor of survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Sarcopenia is frequent in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), as a consequence of malnutrition related to risk factors or tumoral mass. Treatment is associated with toxicities that lead to reduced calories intake and muscle mass wasting. Sarcopenia has been negatively associated with tumor control and survival outcomes.