The interactions of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis with microRNAs: contributions to oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent form of oral cancer, with about one-third of patients facing life-threatening and recurrent cases. Certain pathobionts in the oral microbiome contribute to the rise of inflammation and are directly involved in carcinogenesis. Analysis of the microbial profiles in OSCC patients reveals significant differences compared to healthy individuals.

Prevalence of colistin resistance in clinical isolates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: commonly causes nosocomial infections, and the rise of colistin-resistant strains poses a significant challenge to public health. This research aims to assess the worldwide prevalence of colistin resistance in isolates through a systematic review of scientific literature.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of relevant studies available in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to December 2023.

Impact of nafcillin and diosmin on the attachment, invasion, and stress survival of Salmonella Typhimurium.

Salmonella Typhimurium is an invasive intracellular pathogen that employs various factors for its survival within host cells. To mitigate S. Typhimurium survival, it is crucial to identify factors that influence bacterial survival and to develop drugs that inhibit these factors.

The possible pathogenic mechanisms of microorganisms in infertility: a narrative review.

Infertility can harm a patient in physical, psychological, spiritual, and medical ways. This illness is unusual because it affects the patient's companion and the patient individually. Infertility is a multifactorial disease, and various etiological factors like infection are known to develop this disorder.

Inhibitory effects of nafcillin and diosmin on biofilm formation by Salmonella Typhimurium.

Objective: The foodborne pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium causes self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and is difficult to eliminate due to its ability to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms that exhibit high resistance to antimicrobial agents. To explore alternative strategies for biofilm treatment, it is essential to investigate novel agents that inhibit Salmonella biofilms.

Method: In this study, we investigated the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) of nafcillin and diosmin, both previously identified as Lon protease inhibitors, against biofilms formed by S.

Exploring the role of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer: implications for tumor proliferation and chemoresistance.

Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) has been extensively studied for its connection to colorectal cancer (CRC) and its potential role in chemotherapy resistance. Studies indicate that Fn is commonly found in CRC tissues and is associated with unfavorable prognosis and treatment failure. It has been shown that Fn promotes chemoresistance by affecting autophagy, a cellular process that helps cells survive under stressful conditions.

Targeting lon protease to inhibit persister cell formation in Typhimurium: a drug repositioning approach.

Objective: Persister cells are a specific subset of bacteria capable of surviving exposure to lethal doses of antibiotics, leading to antibiotic therapy failures and infection relapses. This research explores the utilization of drug repositioning to target the Lon protease in Typhimurium.

Method: In this study, FDA-approved drugs sourced from the Drug Bank database were screened to identify existing pharmaceuticals with the potential to combat the Lon protease.

Oral microbiota and metabolites: key players in oral health and disorder, and microbiota-based therapies.

The review aimed to investigate the diversity of oral microbiota and its influencing factors, as well as the association of oral microbiota with oral health and the possible effects of dysbiosis and oral disorder. The oral cavity harbors a substantial microbial burden, which is particularly notable compared to other organs within the human body. In usual situations, the microbiota exists in a state of equilibrium; however, when this balance is disturbed, a multitude of complications arise.

Global prevalence of mutation in the gene among clinical isolates of colistin-resistant : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Colistin is used as a last resort for managing infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the high emergence of colistin-resistant strains has restricted the clinical use of this antibiotic in the clinical setting. In the present study, we evaluated the global prevalence of the mutation in the gene, one of the most important mechanisms of colistin resistance in .

Inhibitory effect of natural compounds on quorum sensing system in : a helpful promise for managing biofilm community.

biofilm is a community of bacteria that adhere to live or non-living surfaces and are encapsulated by an extracellular polymeric substance. Unlike individual planktonic cells, biofilms possess a notable inherent resistance to sanitizers and antibiotics. Overcoming this resistance is a substantial barrier in the medical and food industries.

Prevalence of endocarditis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Endocarditis caused by infection is one of this infection's complications, including a high mortality rate. However, studies on the prevalence of this complication have been limited to some case reports. This study investigated the prevalence of endocarditis globally using a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Clinical presentations, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of renal mucormycosis: An overview of case reports.

Background: Renal mucormycosis (RM) is a rare presentation of invasive mucormycosis with a high mortality rate. There is no single systematic review of the literature that indicates the different clinical aspects of RM.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed/Medline was performed to collect individual case reports of RM in patients of all ages published between 2010 and April 2022.

Molecular determination of O25b/ST131 clone type among extended spectrum β-lactamases production Escherichia coli recovering from urinary tract infection isolates.

Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) O25b/ST131 clone causes urinary tract infection (UTI) and is associated with a broad spectrum of other infections, such as intra-abdominal and soft tissue infections, that can be affecting bloodstream infections. Therefore, since O25b/ST131 has been reported in several studies from Iran, in the current study, we have investigated the molecular characteristics, typing, and biofilm formation of O25b/ST131 clone type E.

The role of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.

CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a multifactorial disease, and various etiological factors like bacterial superantigens are known to develop this disease. Recent studies reported that Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization was detected in 67% of the patients with CRSwNP. Moreover, it was reported that specific IgE against S.

Mutation in mgrB is the major colistin resistance mechanism in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in Tehran, Iran.

Colistin is considered as one of a last resort antimicrobial agent against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, the recent emergence of colistin resistance (ColR) worldwide that severely restricts therapeutic options is a serious threat to global public health. In this study we have investigated the molecular determinants in ColR K.

Novel strategies for inhibition of bacterial biofilm in chronic rhinosinusitis.

An important role has been recently reported for bacterial biofilm in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases, such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). CRS, affecting sinonasal mucosa, is a persistent inflammatory condition with a high prevalence around the world. Although the exact pathological mechanism of this disease has not been elicited yet, biofilm formation is known to lead to a more significant symptom burden and major objective clinical indicators.

Prevalence and molecular mechanisms of colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Tehran, Iran.

Colistin is one of the last remaining active antibiotics against multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, several recent studies reported colistin-resistant (ColR) Acinetobacter baumannii from different countries. In the current study, we investigated molecular mechanisms involved in colistin resistance in A.

A systematic review of case reports of hepatic actinomycosis.

Background: Hepatic Actinomycosis (HA) is one of the infections that causes disorders in patients when diagnosed untimely and inappropriately.

Methods: Case reports on HA in patients published between 2000 and April 2020 were gathered by carrying out a structured search through PubMed/Medline.

Results: Through a survey of the Medline database, 130 studies were identified and then, 64 cases with HA were included in the final analysis.

An overview of possible pathogenesis mechanisms of Alternaria alternata in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis.

Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial disease, and different etiologies like metabolism and immunity disorders, bacterial superantigens, biofilms, and fungal allergens are known to develop this disease, especially the CRS with nasal polyps. Alternaria alternata (Alternaria) is one of the most prevalent airborne fungal species in the nasal discharge, which might have vigorous immunologic activities in nasal epithelial cells and play an essential role in the pathogenesis of CRS. Moreover, the interaction between this fungus and the innate and adaptive immune systems leads to the development of chronic inflammation.

Bacteriophage therapy for inhibition of multi drug-resistant uropathogenic bacteria: a narrative review.

Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) uropathogenic bacteria have increased in number in recent years and the development of new treatment options for the corresponding infections has become a major challenge in the field of medicine. In this respect, recent studies have proposed bacteriophage (phage) therapy as a potential alternative against MDR Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) because the resistance mechanism of phages differs from that of antibiotics and few side effects have been reported for them. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis are the most common uropathogenic bacteria against which phage therapy has been used.

Molecular Characterization of Tigecycline Non-Susceptibility among Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates of Clinical Origin.

Introduction: Tigecycline (TGC) is one of the last-resort therapeutic agents for treating infections caused by extensively drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Although resistance to TGC is not common, non-susceptible A. baumannii (NSAB) isolates have been described.

The association of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection with atherosclerosis: Review and update of in vitro and animal studies.

Previous studies have tended to relate Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) infection to atherosclerosis. However, while serological studies have mostly reinforced this hypothesis, inconsistent and even contradictory findings have been reported in various researches. Recent papers have pointed to the significance of Cpn in atherosclerotic lesions, which are regarded as the initiator and cause of chronic inflammation.

A closer look at pathogenesis of cerebral mucormycosis in diabetic condition: A mini review.

Patients with diabetes are considered a high-risk group involved with cerebral mucormycosis (CM). Due to the potential of Mucorales to invade sinuses and its rapid progression into orbit and retro-orbital areas and even brain, in most cases, CM is fatal in patients with diabetes. In the last few decades, mucormycosis and background conditions responsible for the development of its infections have received a great deal of attention.