Delivering bad or difficult news. An innovative simulation-based education approach to prepare interdisciplinary fellowships.

Background: There is limited data on the effectiveness of training interventions to improve the delivery of bad news.

Methods: This preliminary research included pre-post assessments and an open-ended survey to evaluate the effectiveness and perceived value of training on delivering bad news for 26 first- and second-year fellows from five adult and pediatric fellowship programs.

Results: There was a significant increase in faculty assessment scores (34.

Efficacy and Outcomes of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Children with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] are disproportionally affected by recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection [rCDI]. Although faecal microbiota transplantation [FMT] has been used with good efficacy in adults with IBD, little is known about outcomes associated with FMT in paediatric IBD.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of FMT at 20 paediatric centres in the USA from March 2012 to March 2020.

Vitamin deficiencies in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis: A systematic review.

Background: Nutritional deficiencies are seen in patients with food allergy. Low vitamin D levels have been found in patients with atopic conditions. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune antigen-mediated disease found to be highly associated in patients with atopic disease and treated with dietary elimination with recommendations to utilize a dietician to prevent nutritional deficiencies.

Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Gastroenterology Fellow Training in North America.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed healthcare systems and training around the world. The Training Committee of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition sought to understand how COVID-19 has affected pediatric gastroenterology fellowship training.

Methods: A 21 question survey was distributed to all 77 pediatric gastroenterology fellowship program directors (PDs) in the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition program director database via email on April 7.

Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Entrustable Professional Activities: Development of an Assessment Tool and Curricular Resources.

Background: Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are critical activities performed by medical professionals, which can be observed and assessed. Adding on to common EPAs for all pediatric subspecialty trainees, specialty-specific EPAs for pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutritional fellowship were developed by the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) EPA Task Force.

Methods: Having developed specialty-specific EPAs, building EPA assessments is the next logical step, as EPAs are included under a larger umbrella of competency-based assessment.

Using the Objective Structured Clinical Examination to Assess ACGME Competencies in Pediatric Gastroenterology Fellows.

Background: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has described 6 core competencies with which trainees should demonstrate proficiency. Using the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), we aimed to assess 4 of these competencies among Pediatric Gastrointestinal (GI) fellows (PGs).

Methods: Eight first-year PGs from 6 medical centers in the New York area participated in a 4-station OSCE with trained standardized patient (SP) actors.

Correlation Between Aeroallergen Levels and New Diagnosis of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in New York City.

Objective: The relation between food allergies and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is well established. Aeroallergens may also contribute to the development of EoE; however, there are limited data to support or refute this hypothesis. The objectives of this pilot study were to determine whether there is a seasonal variation in the onset of symptoms and/or diagnosis of EoE and whether these variations correlate with a specific pollen concentration within New York City.

Longitudinal diffusion-weighted imaging changes in children with small bowel Crohn's disease: preliminary experience.

Purpose: Crohn's disease has been associated with restricted diffusion in diseased small bowel segments on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). However, data addressing longitudinal changes in DWI findings and their potential clinical ramifications in the pediatric population are lacking. The purpose of this study was to follow DWI changes in diseased small bowel segments between serial magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) examinations, and to correlate these changes with other imaging parameters and clinical status.