Optimizing Federal Grants to Scale Up Evidence-Based Practices in Health and Social Services: Recommendations from Federal and State Agency Officials.

Federal spending on evidence-based practices (EBPs) provides significant returns by offsetting billions of dollars in societal impacts each year. Practices are deemed evidence-based because they have demonstrated their effectiveness in addressing various social and health-related challenges. Federal agencies often invest in EBP delivery through discretionary grants, but there is limited guidance on how to optimize these grants to support large-scale EBP implementation.

A Qualitative Study of Patients' Experiences With Collaborative Care for Co-occurring Opioid Use and Mental Health Disorders in Primary Care.

Objectives: Individuals with co-occurring opioid use disorder (OUD) and mental health disorders experience complex treatment trajectories. The collaborative care model (CoCM) is an effective approach for improving behavioral health outcomes in primary care, but has not been tested for patients with co-occurring disorders. We sought to understand patients' experiences receiving CoCM for co-occurring OUD and depression and/or PTSD.

Preliminary Outcomes from PrEP Well: A Community-led, Multicomponent HIV Prevention Strategy Implemented in a Transgender Community Health Center.

Transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) individuals are disproportionately impacted by HIV, particularly those who identify as racial/ethnic minorities and those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective medication to prevent HIV infection, but many TGNB individuals encounter barriers to PrEP uptake and adherence that limit fully realized preventive benefits. We developed PrEP Well, a multicomponent community-led program, to scale and sustain comprehensive PrEP services from a TGNB-led community organization that provides gender-affirming healthcare and social services.

IM4Equity: an implementation science meta-framework for community-engaged partnerships to advance health equity.

Background: Implementation determinant frameworks identify factors that may impede or facilitate implementation of evidence-based innovations (EBI) in new contexts, including diverse community settings. For health equity initiatives, variations in which frameworks are used make synthesis and identification of shared determinants difficult, including equity constructs. Further, such frameworks are rarely informed by community partner input.

Interventions for Gender Dysphoria and Related Health Problems in Transgender and Gender-Expansive Youth: A Systematic Review of Benefits and Risks to Inform Practice, Policy, and Research.

Transgender and gender-expansive (TGE) youth often experience gender dysphoria, defined as distress related to a mismatch between one's gender identity and physical development. This study summarizes the rapidly evolving state of evidence on interventions for gender dysphoria and related health problems in TGE youth. The authors conducted a systematic review of studies that assessed interventions for gender dysphoria in TGE youth (age 25 or younger), published from 1990 to 2023, and summarized the amount, clinical significance, and certainty of evidence available.

Implementing a Patient-Centered, Rapid-Access Substance Use Treatment Pathway in Primary Care.

Despite the effectiveness of treating substance use disorders in primary care, access to such services remains limited. In this project, quality improvement methods were used to create and evaluate a rapid-access pathway for substance use treatment services in community health clinics. A "secret shopper" test gathered information about wait times and requirements.

Patient Perspectives on Adapting Collaborative Care for Opioid Use Disorder With Depression and/or Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.

Background: Individuals with opioid use disorder and cooccurring mental health concerns experience heightened consequences and lower rates of treatment access. Engaging patients as research partners alongside health systems is critical for tailoring care for this population. Collaborative care is promising for the treatment of co-occurring disordersObjectives: We used a community-participatory partnered research1 approach to partner with patients, providers, and clinic administrators to adapt and implement a collaborative care intervention for co-occurring disorders in primary care.

Multi-level alignment processes in the sustainment of a youth substance use treatment model following a federal implementation initiative: A mixed method study.

Introduction: Government agencies have identified evidence-based practice (EBP) dissemination as a pathway to high-quality behavioral health care for youth. However, gaps remain about how to best sustain EBPs in treatment organizations in the U.S.

Supportive Housing for Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals with Criminal Justice Histories: Challenges and Opportunities Identified by Providers and Clients.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals experience high rates of homelessness and criminal justice system involvement, underscoring the need for supportive housing services. To explore the service needs of this population, we interviewed providers (n = 11) and clients (n = 10) from eight supportive housing organizations working with SGM populations in Los Angeles County, USA. We used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to synthesize interview responses into themes (by domain and cross-cutting).

Mis-implementation of evidence-based behavioural health practices in primary care: lessons from randomised trials in Federally Qualified Health Centers.

Background: Implementing evidence-based practices (EBPs) within service systems is critical to population-level health improvements - but also challenging, especially for complex behavioral health interventions in low-resource settings. "Mis-implementation" refers to poor outcomes from an EBP implementation effort; mis-implementation outcomes are an important, but largely untapped, source of information about how to improve knowledge exchange.

Aims And Objectives: We present mis-implementation cases from three pragmatic trials of behavioral health EBPs in U.

Pilot evaluation of the Fiscal Mapping Process for sustainable financing of evidence-based youth mental health treatments: A comparative case study analysis.

Background: Sustained delivery of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) is essential to addressing the public health impacts of youth mental health problems, but is complicated by the limited and fragmented funding available to youth mental health service agencies. Supports are needed that can guide service agencies in accessing sustainable funding for EBTs. We conducted a pilot evaluation of the Fiscal Mapping Process, an Excel-based strategic planning tool that helps service agency leaders identify and coordinate financing strategies for their EBT programs.

Bridging HCI and Implementation Science for Innovation Adoption and Public Health Impact.

Human computer interaction (HCI) and implementation science (IS) each have been applied to improve the adoption and delivery of innovative health interventions, and the two fields have complementary goals, foci, and methods. While the IS community increasingly draws on methods from HCI, there are many unrealized opportunities for HCI to draw from IS and to catalyze bidirectional collaborations. This workshop will explore similarities and differences between fields, with a goal of articulating a research agenda at their intersection.

Narrative Review: Revised Principles and Practice Recommendations for Adolescent Substance Use Treatment and Policy.

Objective: In 2014, the US National Institute on Drug Abuse released the "Principles of Adolescent Substance Use Disorder Treatment," summarizing previously established evidence and outlining principles of effective assessment, treatment, and aftercare for substance use disorders (SUD). Winters et al. (2018) updated these principles to be developmentally appropriate for adolescents.

Navigating Funding Cliffs: An Exploration of the Dynamic Contextual Factors That Influence Evidence-Based Practice Sustainment.

Objective: Contextual factors exert dynamic influences on sustainment of evidence-based practice (EBP) after grant funding ends (ie, funding cliffs), but how these factors change over time remains poorly understood. Exploring the factors that affect EBP sustainment trajectories can help explain how community-based treatment organizations navigate funding cliffs.

Method: The study sample comprised 51 community-based treatment organizations drawn from national cohorts that completed federal grants to implement the Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach (A-CRA), a youth substance use EBP.

A case study of pragmatic measure development of the Treatment Integrity for Elementary Settings self-report measure for teachers.

Introduction: Due to usability, feasibility, and acceptability concerns, observational treatment fidelity measures are often challenging to deploy in schools. Teacher self-report fidelity measures with specific design features might address some of these barriers. This case study outlines a community-engaged, iterative process to adapt the observational Treatment Integrity for Elementary Settings (TIES-O) to a teacher self-report version designed to assess the use of practices to support children's social-emotional competencies in elementary classrooms.

Stakeholder perspectives on a telemedicine referral and coordination model to expand medication treatment for opioid use disorder in rural primary care clinics.

Introduction: Opioid overdose deaths are increasing rapidly in the United States. Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are effective and can be delivered in primary care, but uptake has been limited in rural communities. Referral to and coordination with an external telemedicine (TM) vendor by rural primary care clinics for MOUD (TM-MOUD) may increase MOUD access for rural patients, but we know little about perspectives on this model among key stakeholders.

Comparing organization-focused and state-focused financing strategies on provider-level reach of a youth substance use treatment model: a mixed-method study.

Background: Financial barriers in substance use disorder service systems have limited the widespread adoption-i.e., provider-level reach-of evidence-based practices (EBPs) for youth substance use disorders.

Perspectives on Financing Strategies for Evidence-Based Treatment Implementation in Youth Mental Health Systems.

Background: Evidence-based treatments (EBTs) are critical to effectively address mental health problems among children and adolescents, but costly for mental health service agencies to implement and sustain. Financing strategies help agencies overcome cost-related barriers by obtaining financial resources to support EBT implementation and/or sustainment.

Aims: We sought to (i) understand how youth mental health system decision-makers involved with EBT implementation and sustainment view key features (e.

Lessons From an Implementation Evaluation of a Real-World Multi-City Initiative to Address COVID-19 Vaccination Inequities.

The COVID-19 pandemic shed light on stark racial and ethnic inequities in access to care and accurate health information in the U.S. When COVID-19 vaccines became available, communities of color faced multiple barriers that contributed to low vaccine rates.

Comparing two federal financing strategies on penetration and sustainment of the adolescent community reinforcement approach for substance use disorders: protocol for a mixed-method study.

Background: Sustained, widespread availability of evidence-based practices (EBPs) is essential to address the public health and societal impacts of adolescent substance use disorders (SUD). There remains a particularly significant need to identify effective financing strategies, which secure and direct financial resources to support the costs associated with EBP implementation and sustainment. This protocol describes a new project comparing two types of U.

Collaboration Leading to Addiction Treatment and Recovery from Other Stresses (CLARO): process of adapting collaborative care for co-occurring opioid use and mental disorders.

Background: Opioid use disorders (OUD), co-occurring with either depression and/or PTSD, are prevalent, burdensome, and often receive little or low-quality care. Collaborative care is a service delivery intervention that uses a team-based model to improve treatment access, quality, and outcomes in primary care patients, but has not been evaluated for co-occurring OUD and mental health disorders. To address this treatment and quality gap, we adapted collaborative care for co-occurring OUD and mental health disorders.

Coordination of sustainable financing for evidence-based youth mental health treatments: protocol for development and evaluation of the fiscal mapping process.

Background: Sustained delivery of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) is essential to addressing the public health and economic impacts of youth mental health problems, but is complicated by the limited and fragmented funding available to youth mental health service agencies (hereafter, "service agencies"). Strategic planning tools are needed that can guide these service agencies in their coordination of sustainable funding for EBTs. This protocol describes a mixed-methods research project designed to (1) develop and (2) evaluate our novel fiscal mapping process that guides strategic planning efforts to finance the sustainment of EBTs in youth mental health services.

Enhancing Early Engagement (E3) in mental health services training for children's advocacy center's victim advocates: feasibility protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Child maltreatment is a major public issue in the United States, yet most children affected by abuse or neglect never engage in evidence-based practices (EBP) for child mental health. Children's Advocacy Centers (CACs') are uniquely situated to serve as Family Navigators who connect children impacted by maltreatment to appropriate EBPs. In fact, the CAC position of Victim Advocate mirrors the Mental Health Family Navigator national initiative.

Moving beyond Aim Three: a need for a transdisciplinary approach to build capacity for economic evaluations in implementation science.

Background: Understanding the costs and economic benefits of implementation has been identified by policymakers and researchers as critical to increase the uptake and sustainment of evidence-based practices, but this topic remains relatively understudied. Conducting team science with health economists has been proposed as a solution to increase economic evaluation in implementation science; however, these recommendations ignore the differences in goals and perspectives in these two fields. Our recent qualitative research identified that implementation researchers predominantly approach health economists to examine costs, whereas the majority of health economists expressed limited interest in conducting economic evaluations and a desire to be more integrated within implementation science initiatives.

Value of family involvement in substance use disorder treatment: Aligning clinical and financing priorities.

Background: Family members' support (e.g., informational, tangible, emotional) has important and lasting impacts on individuals' recovery from substance use disorders (SUDs).