Towards an Optimal Decision Threshold for Specific IgE to rCan s 3 the Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Protein of Cannabis sativa.

Background: Cannabis allergy is increasingly reported, with Can s 3 as a major allergen. Investigations into sensitisation to Can s 3 utilise sophisticated techniques, including the cytometric bead assay and the basophil activation test. This study aims to utilise a fluorescence enzyme immunoassay to quantify sIgE to Can s 3, employing a recombinant Can s 3 protein.

Changes in the milk and fecal microbiota in Holstein cows with subclinical intramammary infection.

Understanding the relationship between microbial community alterations and disease can provide valuable insights for improving diagnostics, prevention, and treatment strategies. This study used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to investigate and compare microbial diversity in the milk and feces of Holstein cows with subclinical mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae and Prototheca spp. with that of healthy cows.

Growth performance and carcass traits of growing and finishing pigs fed diets with a partial to total replacement of soybean meal with Spirulina powder.

Background: The protein sources in pig diets strongly rely on soybean meal, but its production has been associated with soil degradation, deforestation and loss of biodiversity. Microalga Spirulina can be a potentially more sustainable alternative to soybean meal, but comprehensive information about its use in growing pigs is still lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of partial to full replacement of dietary soybean meal with Spirulina on the growth and carcass traits of growing pigs and on the chemical and physical attributes of the meat.

Progressively Simplified Testing in the Evaluation of Nonimmediate Reactions to Penicillins.

Background: Morbilliform drug eruptions (MDEs) and delayed-appearing urticaria are the most frequently reported nonimmediate reactions to penicillins. Direct challenges have recently been suggested in adults reporting distant MDEs or isolated urticaria.

Objective: To assess the usefulness of patch tests (PTs), intradermal tests (IDTs), challenges, and relevant reagents in evaluating nonimmediate reactions to penicillins, and to determine the predictive value of their morphology and duration for a positive allergy test result.

Flow Cytometry-Assisted Analyses of Individual Human Basophils, Mast Cells and T Cells in the Diagnosis of Immediate Drug Hypersensitivity: A Review.

Immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHRs) pose significant diagnostic challenges, often requiring potentially hazardous drug challenge testing (DCT). Flow cytometry-based cellular tests including the basophil activation test (BAT), the mast cell activation test (MAT) and the T cell activation test (TAT) offer promising alternatives to reduce DCT reliance. While these tests are still in development, they demonstrate potential to compete with skin tests by providing superior diagnostic performance and improved patient safety by reducing the need for DCT.

Design of reconfigurable Huygens metasurfaces based on Drude-like scatterers operating in the epsilon-negative regime.

In this study, we investigate the feasibility of designing reconfigurable transmitting metasurfaces through the use of Drude-like scatterers with purely electric response. Theoretical and numerical analyses are provided to demonstrate that the response of spherical Drude-like scatterers can be tailored to achieve complete transmission, satisfying a generalized Kerker's condition at half of their plasma frequency. This phenomenon, which arises from the co-excitation of the electric dipole and the electric quadrupole within the scatterer, also exhibits moderate broadband performance.

Infrared spectroscopy coupled with machine learning algorithms for predicting the detailed milk mineral profile in dairy cattle.

Milk minerals are not only essential components for human health, but they can be informative for milk quality and cow's health. Herein, we investigated the feasibility of Fourier Transformed mid Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the prediction of a detailed panel of 17 macro, trace, and environmental elements in bovine milk, using partial least squares regression (PLS) and machine learning approaches. The automatic machine learning significantly outperformed the PLS regression in terms of prediction performances of the mineral elements.

Characterization of dry-cured ham microbiota at 12 months of seasoning obtained from different rearing strategies using 16S rRNA profiling.

In this study, we investigated the microbiota of 72 Italian ham samples collected after 12 months of seasoning. The hams were elaborated from pigs fed different rearing methods, including the traditional restricted medium protein diet chosen as control (C group); restrictive low protein diet (LP group); two ad libitum high-protein diet groups (HP9M group: slaughter at 9 months of age; HP170 group: slaughter at 170 kg). A multi-amplicon 16S metabarcoding approach was used, and a total of 2845 Amplicon Sequence Variants were obtained from the 72 ham samples.

Effects of slaughter weight and backfat depth on trimming, curing, and deboning losses and quality traits of Italian dry-cured ham.

This study aimed at assessing the effects of two infra-vitam traits, specifically the slaughter weight (SW) and the ultrasound backfat depth (BCKF) on several post-mortem and quality traits of typical Prosciutto Veneto protected designation of origin (PDO) dry-cured ham. The trial was conducted on a population of 423 pigs fed using different strategies to generate a high variation in SW (175 ± 15.5 kg) and BCKF (23.

Mast Cell-Targeting Therapies in Mast Cell Activation Syndromes.

Purpose Of Review: Provide an overview of the expanding landscape of mast cell (MC)-targeting treatments in mast cell activation syndromes (MCAS).

Recent Findings: Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting wild-type and mutated KIT can efficiently induce MC depletion. Avapritinib and midostaurin can also temper IgE-mediated degranulation.

Diagnostic Significance of Tryptase for Suspected Mast Cell Disorders.

Tryptase has proven to be a very useful and specific marker to demonstrate mast cell activation and degranulation when an acute (i.e., within 4 h after the event) and baseline value (i.

Novel insights into the associations between immune cell population distribution in mammary glands and milk minerals in Holstein cows.

Udder health has a crucial role in sustainable milk production, and various reports have pointed out that changes in udder condition seem to affect milk mineral content. The somatic cell count (SCC) is the most recognized indicator for the determination of udder health status. Recently, a new parameter, the differential somatic cell count (DSCC), has been proposed for a more detailed evaluation of intramammary infection patterns.

Associations between the detailed milk mineral profile, milk composition, and metabolic status in Holstein cows.

The causes of variation in the milk mineral profile of dairy cattle during the first phase of lactation were studied under the hypothesis that the milk mineral profile partially reflects the animals' metabolic status. Correlations between the minerals and the main milk constituents (i.e.

Impact of innovative rearing strategies for the Italian heavy pigs: Technological traits and chemical composition of dry-cured hams.

To explore the influence of 4 feeding strategies on dry-cured ham quality, 336 barrows and gilts (3 batches, 112 pigs/batch) of 90 kg body weight (BW), were divided into 4 groups and housed in 8 pens with automated feeders. In the control group (C), the pigs were fed restrictively medium-protein feeds and slaughtered at 170 kg BW (SW) and 265 d of slaughter age (SA). With the older age (OA) treatment, the pigs were restrictively fed low protein feeds and slaughtered at 170 kg SW and 278 d SA.

A quarter of a century fundamental and translational research in perioperative hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis at the Antwerp university hospital, a Belgian Centre of Excellence of the World Allergy Organization.

Perioperative hypersensitivity constitutes an important health issue, with potential dramatic consequences of diagnostic mistakes. However, safe and correct diagnosis is not always straightforward, mainly because of the application of incorrect nomenclature, absence of easy accessible / tests and uncertainties associated with the non-irritating skin test concentrations. In this editorial we summarize the time line, seminal findings, and major realizations of 25 years of research on the mechanisms, diagnosis, and management of perioperative hypersensitivity.