Fixation Versus Acute Total Hip Arthroplasty for Acetabular Fracture: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Objectives: The optimal treatment of acetabulum fractures in elderly patients is unknown. The purpose of this study was to review outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or acute total hip arthroplasty (aTHA) and to determine the age threshold based on treatment using a cost-effectiveness decision model.

Methods: The PubMed database was queried for clinical English language studies from 2002 to 2022 (N > 10), of acetabular fracture patients age >50 years treated with either ORIF or aTHA.

Machine learning prediction of early reoperation following lower extremity tumor resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction: A PARITY trial secondary analysis.

Background: Oncologic resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction of malignant bone tumors carries a high risk of complication and secondary surgery. Given the significant morbidity associated with reoperation in systemically compromised patients, accurate risk stratification is critical to patient counseling and shared decision-making. The purpose of this study was to develop a machine learning (ML) model for prediction of reoperation within one year of lower extremity tumor resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction.

Correlation between intestinal ultrasound and fecal calprotectin with endoscopic severity scores for determining the activity in patients with Crohn's disease.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by relapsing and remitting inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Reliable and non-invasive methods to assess disease activity are crucial for guiding treatment and improving patient outcomes. This study investigates how intestinal ultrasound (IUS) parameters and fecal calprotectin (FC) levels correlate with endoscopic severity scores in Crohn's disease (CD).

Correction of Gradient Nonlinearity Bias in Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Measurement for Head and Neck Cancers Using Single- and Multi-Shot Echo Planar Diffusion Imaging.

This work prospectively evaluates the vendor-provided Low Variance (LOVA) apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) gradient nonlinearity correction (GNC) technique for primary tumors, neck nodal metastases, and normal masseter muscles in patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs). : Multiple b-value diffusion-weighted (DW)-MR images were acquired on a 3.0 T scanner using a single-shot echo planar imaging (SS-EPI) and multi-shot (MS)-EPI for diffusion phantom materials (20% and 40% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in water).

Impact of artificial intelligence-based and traditional image preprocessing and resampling on MRI-based radiomics for classification of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the impact of image preprocessing methods, including traditional and artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques, on the performance of MRI-based radiomics for predicting tumour aggressiveness in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Methods: We retrospectively analysed MRI data from 69 patients with PTC, acquired between January 2011 and April 2023, alongside corresponding histopathology. MRI scans underwent N4 bias field correction and resampling using 10 traditional methods and an AI-based technique, synthetic multi-orientation resolution enhancement (SMORE).

Quadrivalvular Heart Disease Complicated by Fatal Infective Endocarditis of Pulmonary Valve: A Case Report.

A middle-aged sick male with rheumatic heart disease and prior mitral and aortic prosthesis was admitted for tricuspid valve replacement. Preoperative assessment revealed a hitherto undiagnosed pulmonic condition. This unusual case is reported not only to highlight the quadrivalvular disease with possible coexisting rheumatic and congenital etiology but also the fulminant endocarditis of pulmonary valve.

Therapeutic Challenges in the Management of Serous Endometrial Intraepithelial Carcinoma (SEIC).

Serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma (SEIC) is an aggressive precursor and a similar biology to uterine serous carcinoma (USC). Patients diagnosed with SEIC should undergo surgical staging that includes total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, lymph node sampling, and omentectomy. With trends in lymph node evaluation shifting towards sentinel lymph node sampling, we recommend bilateral sentinel lymph node sampling as a reasonable alternative to full pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy.

Predicting discharge destination and length of stay after open reduction internal fixation of distal femur fractures.

Introduction: Prediction of nonhome discharge after open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of distal femur fractures may facilitate earlier discharge planning, potentially decreasing costs and improving outcomes. We aim to develop algorithms predicting nonhome discharge and time to discharge after distal femur ORIF and identify features important for model performance.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of adults in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database who underwent distal femur ORIF between 2010 and 2019.

Diagnosis and management of residual atrial septal defect after surgical failure: A case series.

Residual defect after surgical closure of atrial septal defect is extremely uncommon. This communication reports four cases encountered in a tertiary care center during the last three decades. Clinical diagnosis was challenging, and the diverse presentations included acute ischemic stroke, cyanosis, and right ventricular volume overload.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Artificial Intelligence Among Healthcare Professionals at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in South Gujarat.

Background Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly evolving within healthcare, promising improvements in patient care, diagnostic accuracy, and therapeutic interventions. As AI technology becomes more integrated into clinical workflows, understanding healthcare professionals' (HCPs) knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning AI is crucial, particularly in diverse healthcare environments like South Gujarat. This study evaluates HCPs' understanding, perception, and application of AI at a tertiary care teaching hospital in this region.

Effect of Voiding Policy on Post Anesthesia Care Unit Length of Stay for Minimally Invasive Hysterectomy.

Study Objective: This study aims to evaluate a liberal postoperative voiding policy after minimally invasive hysterectomies to assess the impact of length of stay in the postoperative care unit (PACU).

Design: This is a retrospective interrupted time series study. Patients were identified 3 months before and after the policy change, and a chart review was conducted of medical records.

Utilizing Blockchain Technology for Healthcare and Biomedical Research: A Review.

Blockchain is a decentralized, secure, and immutable public ledger that offers significant benefits over conventional centralized systems by preventing data breaches and cyber-attacks. It has a great potential to improve data security, privacy, and interoperability in healthcare and biomedical research. This review discusses the basic principles and the historical evolution of blockchain and evaluates the implications of blockchain for the existing healthcare infrastructure.

Ethambutol-Induced Optic Neuritis and Vision Loss: A Case Report.

Ethambutol is a first-line chemotherapeutic agent, which is commonly used in combination with other drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis. Ethambutol-induced optic neuritis is a serious and rare side effect that is either dose or duration-related and causes progressive painless vision loss, and cecocentral scotomas in the visual field. A rare case of ethambutol-induced optic neuritis was reported in a 52-year-old female who was taking anti-tubercular treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis for five months.

An Analysis of the Cost Variation Among Different Antimicrobial Agents: The Indian Scenario.

Background and objective Infectious diseases pose a substantial global health challenge, especially in developing countries where healthcare accessibility is limited. Pharmaceutical expenses constitute a significant share of out-of-pocket expenditure (60-90%). Hence, the affordability of medications becomes a critical determinant for patient compliance.

Comparison of Classically and Machine Learning Generated Survival Prediction Models for Patients With Spinal Metastasis - A meta-Analysis of Two Recently Developed Algorithms.

Study Design: A systemic review and a meta-analysis. We also provided a retrospective cohort for validation in this study.

Objective: (1) Using a meta-analysis to determine the pooled discriminatory ability of The Skeletal Oncology Research Group (SORG) classical algorithm (CA) and machine learning algorithms (MLA); and (2) test the hypothesis that SORG-CA has less variability in performance than SORG-MLA in non-American validation cohorts as SORG-CA does not incorporates regional-specific variables such as body mass index as input.

Fracture Lines and Patterns in Intra-articular Distal Femur Fractures.

Introduction: Distal femur fractures are complex injuries that often present with multiple fragments, posing notable challenges to fixation. This study aimed to (1) use preoperative CT scans to graphically display fracture lines in intra-articular distal femur fractures and (2) identify common fracture patterns in these injuries.

Methods: All skeletally mature patients that underwent surgical fixation of Orthopaedic Trauma Association type 33C distal femur fractures between 2012 and 2022 were identified across two level 1 trauma centers (n = 63).

The Effects of Unitizing Nail-Plate Constructs in Distal Femur Fractures: A Biomechanical Study.

Objectives: To assess the biomechanical differences between linked and unlinked constructs in young and osteoporotic cadavers in addition to osteoporotic sawbones.

Methods: Intraarticular distal femur fractures with comminuted metaphyseal regions were created in three young matched pair cadavers, three osteoporotic matched pair cadavers, and six osteoporotic sawbones. Precontoured distal femur locking plates were placed in addition to a standardized retrograde nail, with unitized constructs having one 4.

Evolving availability and standardization of patient attributes for matching.

Variation in availability, format, and standardization of patient attributes across health care organizations impacts patient-matching performance. We report on the changing nature of patient-matching features available from 2010-2020 across diverse care settings. We asked 38 health care provider organizations about their current patient attribute data-collection practices.

Predictive Modeling for Spinal Metastatic Disease.

Spinal metastasis is exceedingly common in patients with cancer and its prevalence is expected to increase. Surgical management of symptomatic spinal metastasis is indicated for pain relief, preservation or restoration of neurologic function, and mechanical stability. The overall prognosis is a major driver of treatment decisions; however, clinicians' ability to accurately predict survival is limited.

Similar Medium-Term Revision Rates Following Acute Total Hip Arthroplasty Versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Acetabular Fractures in the Elderly.

Background: The management of elderly acetabular fractures is complex, with high rates of conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), but potentially higher rates of complications after acute THA.

Methods: The California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development database was queried between 2010 and 2017 for all patients aged 60 years or older who sustained a closed, isolated acetabular fracture and underwent ORIF, THA, or a combination. Chi-square tests and Student t tests were used to identify demographic differences between groups.