Quadrivalvular Heart Disease Complicated by Fatal Infective Endocarditis of Pulmonary Valve: A Case Report.

A middle-aged sick male with rheumatic heart disease and prior mitral and aortic prosthesis was admitted for tricuspid valve replacement. Preoperative assessment revealed a hitherto undiagnosed pulmonic condition. This unusual case is reported not only to highlight the quadrivalvular disease with possible coexisting rheumatic and congenital etiology but also the fulminant endocarditis of pulmonary valve.

Diagnosis and management of residual atrial septal defect after surgical failure: A case series.

Residual defect after surgical closure of atrial septal defect is extremely uncommon. This communication reports four cases encountered in a tertiary care center during the last three decades. Clinical diagnosis was challenging, and the diverse presentations included acute ischemic stroke, cyanosis, and right ventricular volume overload.