The PPAR-β/δ agonist GW0742 alleviates DNA damage and lupus nephritis in an animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus via restoring DNA repair gene expression.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a persistent autoimmune inflammatory disease associated with an elevated risk of kidney damage. The etiology of SLE remains unclear; nevertheless, current investigations increasingly indicate that increased DNA damage and deficiencies in the mechanisms of its repair might contribute to its pathogenesis, necessitating the identification and management of the disease. Therapies for SLE have improved considerably over recent decades.

Investigation of The Hepatoprotective Potential of Liposomal Resveratrol as Polyphenols Against Liver Damage in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rat Model.

Diabetes Mellitus is a prominent contributor to degenerative diseases globally and is often associated with hepatic injury. The dysfunction of the liver is characterized by cirrhosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and impaired antioxidant defense mechanisms. Our goal was to estimate the hepato-protecting properties of Liposomal resveratrol (LR) administered at 20 and 40 mg/kg in diabetic rat models and compare them with those of resveratrol at 40 mg/kg.

Development of an epitope-based vaccine from adhesion protein: addressing antibiotic resistance through immune-informatics.

is increasingly recognized for its role in severe health conditions, including sexually transmitted infections, ovarian and prostate cancer. The adhesion protein plays a crucial role in the pathogen's ability to attach to and invade host cells, making it a key target for vaccine development. The need to develop a vaccine against stems from its rising antibiotic resistance, limited treatments and effectiveness.

Thermo stable ZnO NPs/Asiatic acid nanocomposites for acidogenic neutralization, anti-biofilm, and enamel protection in dental enamel reinforcement.

Objectives: Dental caries, a pervasive oral health issue, is driven by Streptococcus mutans-mediated biofilm formation and acidogenesis, culminating in enamel demineralization and structural degradation. This study evaluates the efficacy of thermostable ZnO NPs/AA nanocomposites in suppressing S.mutans acid production, disrupting its biofilm matrix, and strengthening enamel integrity, with an emphasis on its potential as a novel dental healthcare material.

Correction: Ahmed et al. A Robust Deep Feature Extraction Method for Human Activity Recognition Using a Wavelet Based Spectral Visualisation Technique. 2024, , 4343.

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AA amyloidosis with multiorgan involvement secondary to familial Mediterranean fever (FMF): dreadful consequences of delayed diagnosis and management.

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory disorder that can lead to progressive AA amyloidosis if not diagnosed and treated promptly. We present a case of a middle-aged male with extensive multiorgan involvement due to AA amyloidosis secondary to FMF. His medical journey spans over a decade, with disease progression affecting the kidneys, bone marrow, liver, heart, lungs and gastrointestinal tract.

Structural insights and predictive modelling of a novel anti-HER2 scFv and Leptulipin: a newly designed immunotoxin protein for HER2 positive cancers.

Targeted therapy is one crucial therapeutic approach frequently employed in cancer treatment. In almost 30% of human breast cancers, a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor named the HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) is overexpressed, establishing HER-2 as a promising target for cancer treatment. The goal of the current work is to computationally design and analyze a new chimeric protein that could selectively target HER2-positive breast cancer cells based on a single polypeptide chain variable fragment and leptulipin (an anticancer peptide) fusion.

Characterization of soil-derived Bacillus subtilis metabolites against breast cancer: In vitro and in silico studies.

Breast cancer remains one of the most challenging and widespread cancers among women globally that warrants further investigations for novel agents to minimize side effects and disease recurrence. In this study, a soil bacterium was isolated and 16S rRNA nucleotide sequence homology and resultant phylogenetic tree analysis confirmed Bacillus subtills (CP020102.1).

Cytomegalovirus Isolated to a Colon Polyp in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis on Ozanimod: A Case Report.

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a notable gastrointestinal infection affecting immunocompromised patients. In the gastrointestinal tract, CMV often presents with patchy or diffuse mucosal involvement and can cause fulminant colitis. However, polypoid CMV lesions are rare.

Evaluating high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I for early detection of treatment-related cardiotoxicity in HER2-positive breast cancer patients.

Background: Trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity is a common adverse effect of HER2-positive breast cancer treatment, especially when combined with anthracyclines. However, to date, no definitive prognostic markers have been found to predict trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with HER2-positive breast cancer, scheduled to receive anthracyclines followed by 12 months of trastuzumab or with pertuzumab, were prospectively followed up for 27 months.

Synthesis, characterization and computational study of chitosan-modified pH-responsive Mag@ZIF-8/CS drug delivery system loaded with magnolol for sustained drug release and synergistic antibacterial activity.

ZIF-8 has strong potential for biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility. In this study, 89.67 % of natural drug magnolol (Mag) was loaded in ZIF-8 to form Mag@ZIF-8, which was subsequently modified with chitosan (CS) to obtain Mag@ZIF-8/CS.

A hybrid approach for intrusion detection in vehicular networks using feature selection and dimensionality reduction with optimized deep learning.

Autonomous transportation systems have the potential to greatly impact the way we travel. A vital aspect of these systems is their connectivity, facilitated by intelligent transport applications. However, the safety ensured by the vehicular network can be easily compromised by malicious traffic with the exponential growth of IoT devices.

Fish gut symbiotic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis: RSM optimization for its extracellular lipase enzyme production, lipase-protein purification, characterization, and docking analysis.

Lipase enzymes play a vital role in digestion and nutrient metabolism in host organisms, with symbiotic bacteria producing abundant enzymes, carbohydrates, vitamins, and other nutrients. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and screen lipase-producing bacteria from the gut of Systomus sarana, optimize enzyme production using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), and characterize the extracted lipase protein. A total of 11 bacterial strains were isolated and identified through 16S rRNA sequencing.

In-vitro study of hybrid silver nanoparticles with humic acid extracted from cow dung against pathogens.

Recently, researchers have used silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coupled with humic acid (HA) as antimicrobial agents. Herein, AgNPs were prepared and coupled with humic acid for their antimicrobial activities. The as-prepared AgNPs coupled with humic acid (HA) were characterized by an atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, zeta sizer, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and UV-VIS spectrophotometer.

Human Plasma-Derived Exosomes: A Promising Carrier System for the Delivery of Hydroxyurea to Combat Breast Cancer.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of human plasma derived exosomes for the delivery of hydroxyurea to enhance its therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer. Plasma derived exosomes were isolated using differential centrifugation along with ultrafiltration method. Hydroxyurea was encapsulated in exosomes using a freeze-thaw method.

Early Onset Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Associated With Psychiatric Comorbidities: A Multi-Network Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Psychiatric disease burden in patients with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has risen substantially over the past few decades. However, there is limited data on the relationship between IBD disease activity and the incidence of psychiatric comorbidities. We sought to conduct a population-based study to investigate the impact of early onset disease activity in newly diagnosed IBD patients on psychiatric disease diagnoses and medication usage.

Evaluating the anti-cancer potential and pharmacological in-sights of Physalis angulata Root Extract as a strong candidate for future research.

The research targeting the prevention of complications through natural constituents, instigated by the cancer has recently drawn much more attention over the globe. The research in this direction also revealed that the use of natural constituents would considered a promising strategy for diminishing the aforementioned disease and its consequences. Because of the easy availability and safe nature, the recent years, natural resources as strong anticancer agents.

The PPAR-α selective agonist WY14643 improves lupus nephritis via the downregulation of the RORγT/STAT3 signaling pathway in MRL/lpr mice.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a classic autoimmune disorder that mostly affects young women and involves various organs, such as the skin, joints, central nervous system, and kidneys. WY14643, a selective agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, has previously shown anti-inflammatory effects in various disease models. However, its effects on lupus nephritis are yet to be explored.

Biosynthesis of Zr-doped WO nanoparticles: Evaluation of antibacterial, antioxidant, and enzymatic activities.

Herein, biocompatible pure tungsten oxide (WO) and zirconium-doped tungsten oxide (Zr-doped WO) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared via a green approach from moringa plants with different doping concentrations (3, 5, and 7 %). The as-synthesized materials were morphologically and optically characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The FTIR spectra clearly showed that two distinguishing bands at 603 and 674 cm of WO were shifted to a higher wavenumber upon doping with zirconium.

Synergistic anticancer effects of interleukin-21 combined with therapeutic peptides in multiple cancer cells.

Background: Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a cytokine produced by various cell types, including T cells, natural killer cells, myeloid cells, and B cells, and has a broad range of potential applications in cancer therapy. To improve the therapeutic index, we explored the use of fusion technologies that involved linking other anticancer peptides to the IL-21 gene using specific linkers.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the anticancer potential of IL-21 and IL-21 fusion proteins.

Ilizarov versus ORIF for Open AO Type-C Pilon Fractures.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of ORIF versus Ilizarov for the management of Type C closed pilon fractures of the distal tibia at 12 months follow up.

Methods: This retrospective cross sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC) between 29 May 2015 and 27 November 2019 that included patients 18 years and older diagnosed with open AO type C pilon fractures. The primary outcome was the patient-reported Disability Rating Index (DRI) months.

Salubrious effects of proanthocyanidins on behavioral phenotypes and DNA repair deficiency in the BTBR mouse model of autism.

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder distinguished by impaired social interaction and repetitive behaviors. Global estimates indicate that autism affects approximately 1.6% of children, with the condition progressively becoming more prevalent over time.

Recombinant expression, downstream optimization, and therapeutic evaluation of recombinant human interleukin-37 for cancer therapy.

Interleukin-37 is a cytokine with potent immunosuppressive properties that has been shown to have potential to treat autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases, as well as certain types of cancer. IL-37 is a 19 kDa protein which interacts with proteins in receptor-dependent and receptor-independent pathways. The expression of the IL-37 protein cloned into the pET-28a vector was optimized in Rosetta 2(DE3) after comparing its expression with Rosetta-gami 2(DE3) and Rosetta 2(DE3) pLysS, which was then used for the large-scale production of IL-37.