Ambient Artificial Intelligence Scribes in Oncology: Adoption, Feasibility, Acceptability, and Appropriateness.

Hospitals are looking to AI and other innovative applications to help alleviate provider burden and dissatisfaction associated with clinical documentation in oncology. Ambient artificial intelligence (AI) scribes are a promising technology to address these issues. However, they generally have not been optimized for oncology.

Management of persistent shockable rhythms during cardiac arrest: a national survey from the REVIVE group (REVIVE-2).

Background: A number of novel treatment strategies have been proposed for managing persistent/refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT). This survey investigated current practices amongst UK Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) in preparation for a clinical trial of esmolol for persistent VF/pVT.

Method: This was a cross-sectional survey of the prehospital management of persistent VF/pVT by UK HEMS.

Video laryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy in a UK pre-hospital physician/critical care paramedic helicopter emergency medical service.

Background: It is recognised that multiple attempts at intubation are associated with harm. However, it remains unclear whether video laryngoscopy (VL) significantly improves pre-hospital tracheal intubation success compared to direct laryngoscopy (DL) in critically ill patients. While operating theatre studies strongly favour VL, some pre-hospital studies suggest it may worsen outcomes.

Mechanical Conditioning (MeCo) Score Progressively Increases Through the Metastatic Cascade in Breast Cancer via Circulating Tumor Cells.

Background: The mechanical conditioning (MeCo) score is a multigene expression signature that is acquired by cancer cells in the primary breast tumor and is reflective of their responsiveness to ECM stiffness caused by tumor fibrosis. Chromatin remodeling downstream of mechanotransduction allows cancer cells to retain these acquired aggressive features even in the absence of mechanical stimulation from the primary tumor microenvironment, for instance, after dissemination through systemic circulation during metastasis. Importantly, patients who have high MeCo score tumors are at higher risk of developing metastatic breast cancer, compared to those with low MeCo scores.

Effect of pre-hospital hypertonic saline on neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in traumatic brain injury: A retrospective analysis.

Hypertonic saline (HTS) may have anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to investigate the effect of pre-hospital HTS on neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a simple marker of systematic inflammation, in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBIs). We included 110 adults with blunt TBIs requiring pre-hospital anaesthesia (median age 57.

Pre-Hospital Critical Care for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests with Return of Spontaneous Circulation: A Retrospective Observational Study.

: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) are common, with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) achieved in approximately 25% of patients. However, it remains unknown whether post-ROSC care delivered by a pre-hospital critical care team (CCT) improves patient outcomes. We therefore aimed to investigate this in OHCA patients admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU).

Intensive Care Management of Severe Hyponatraemia-An Observational Study.

Hyponatraemia is a common electrolyte disorder. For patients with severe hyponatraemia, intensive care unit (ICU) admission may be required. This will enable close monitoring and allow safe management of sodium levels effectively.

Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Acute Life-Threatening Asthma in Adult Intensive Care.

Background: There is limited evidence regarding the management of acute life-threatening asthma in intensive care units (ICUs), and few guidelines have details on this. We aimed to describe the characteristics, management, and outcomes of adults with life-threatening asthma requiring ICU admission.

Methods: In this single-centre retrospective observational study, we included consecutive adults with acute asthma requiring ICU admission between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2023.

Intereye Asymmetry as a Predictor of Progression in Patients With Untreated Keratoconus: Findings From a Longitudinal Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate interocular predictors of progression in patients with untreated keratoconus.

Methods: This is a multicenter longitudinal observational study with real-world data collected through the Save Sight Keratoconus Registry. Patients between the period of June 2000 and September 2022 were included in this study.

Non-Invasive Ventilation for Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Outcomes and Predictors of Failure from an ICU Cohort.

: The use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains controversial. NIV failure in the setting of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure is associated with increased mortality, highlighting the need for careful patient selection. : This is a retrospective observational cohort study.

Liver fibrosis phenotyping and severity scoring by quantitative image analysis of biopsy slides.

Background & Aims: Digital pathology image analysis can phenotype liver fibrosis using histological traits that reflect collagen content, morphometry and architecture. Here, we aimed to calculate fibrosis severity scores to quantify these traits.

Methods: Liver biopsy slides were categorised by Ishak stage and aetiology.

Severe Parainfluenza Viral Infection-A Retrospective Study of Adult Intensive Care Patients.

There is little known about parainfluenza virus (PIV) infection in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Here, we aim to describe the characteristics, clinical course and outcomes of PIV infection in adults requiring intensive care. In this retrospective study of consecutive patients admitted to our ICU with confirmed PIV infection over a 7-year period, we report the patient characteristics, laboratory tests and prognostic scores on ICU admission.

Rtf2 is important for replication fork barrier activity of via splicing of .

Arrested replication forks, when restarted by homologous recombination, result in error-prone DNA syntheses and non-allelic homologous recombination. Fission yeast is a model fork barrier used to probe mechanisms of recombination-dependent restart. barrier activity is entirely dependent on the DNA binding protein Rtf1 and partially dependent on a second protein, Rtf2.

Comparison of standard versus accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking for keratoconus: 5-year outcomes from the Save Sight Keratoconus Registry.

Objective: To compare long-term effectiveness of Standard (UV intensity: 3 mW/cm, duration: 30 min) vs Accelerated (UV intensity: 9 mW/cm, duration: 10 min) corneal cross-linking (CXL) for stabilising keratoconus.

Methods: Data for this observational study were captured through a web-based registry system from the routine clinical practice (15 sites across Australia, New Zealand and Italy). The outcomes were compared using mixed-effects regression models.

Modifying the Molecular Structure of Carbon Nanotubes through Gas-Phase Reactants.

Current approaches to carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis are limited in their ability to control the placement of atoms on the surface of nanotubes. Some of this limitation stems from a lack of understanding of the chemical bond-building mechanisms at play in CNT growth. Here, we provide experimental evidence that supports an alkyne polymerization pathway in which short-chained alkynes directly incorporate into the CNT lattice during growth, partially retaining their side groups and influencing CNT morphology.

Prospective Evaluation of Low-Fat Diet Monotherapy in Dogs with Presumptive Protein-Losing Enteropathy.

For dogs with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) and evidence of lymphangiectasia, the efficacy of low-fat diet as monotherapy or combined with prednisone remains poorly characterized. In this prospective, observational cohort study of 14 dogs with presumptive PLE and ultrasonographic evidence of lymphangiectasia, subjects were placed on various low-fat diets as monotherapy and prednisone was added if response was deemed inadequate. Dogs were assessed and scored at four recheck examinations across a 6 mo study period, including a final recheck ultrasound.

Perceptions and experiences of medical student first responders: a mixed methods study.

Context: Medical Student First Responders (MSFRs) are volunteers who respond to emergency calls, managing patients before ambulance staff attend. The MSFR role provides opportunities to manage acutely unwell patients in the prehospital environment, not usually offered as part of formal undergraduate medical education. There are few previous studies describing activities or experiences of MSFRs or exploring the potential educational benefits.

Open Pharma recommendations for plain language summaries of peer-reviewed medical journal publications.

Plain language summaries of peer-reviewed medical journal publications are a means of sharing research with a broad range of audiences and may improve the transparency, accountability, accessibility, discoverability, and inclusivity of medical research. There is currently an ongoing, industry-wide effort to establish consensus on plain language summaries, and initiatives are already in place that provide detailed guidance on plain language best practice, co-creation methods, patient-focused content, graphic and digital considerations, and publisher-specific guidelines. However, there remains a need for a foundational set of recommendations that complement existing initiatives to outline the minimum steps needed to develop discoverable, plain language summaries that are trustworthy, credible, and of high quality.