Validation of a mixture of rK26 and rK39 antigens from Iranian strain of Leishmania infantum to detect anti-Leishmania antibodies in human and reservoir hosts.

Mediterranean type of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic parasitic infection. Some provinces of Iran are endemic for VL while other parts are considered as sporadic areas. This study aimed to assess a combination of recombinant K26 and rK39 antigens as well as crude antigen (CA), derived from an Iranian strain of L.

High incidence of azole resistance among and isolates in Northeastern Iran.

Background And Purpose: Resistance to antifungal drugs is increasing among isolates from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Lack of correct diagnosis of causing VVC and the experimental use of antifungal drugs are the main causes of this resistance. This study aimed to determine the susceptibility of antifungal drugs against species isolated from VVC in Northeastern Iran.

Frequency of Toxocara Antibodies in Patients Clinically Suspected to Ocular Toxocariasis, Northeast of Iran.

Background: Human toxocariasis is a neglected parasitic disease in most countries including Iran. Among different clinical forms of toxocariasis, ocular toxocariasis (OT) is an important disease resulting in severe vision loss. However, the prevalence and incidence of OT are currently unclear in Iran.

Clinical and Laboratory Findings of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Children Hospitalized in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran: A Twenty-Year Retrospective Study.

Background: Over the last decade, a few cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) have been reported in some provinces of northeastern Iran. We aimed to investigate clinical and laboratory findings of VL among children who admitted to the pediatric ward in a referral hospital in Mashhad, northeastern Iran.

Methods: A retrospective study, between 1997 and 2017, was performed on the data sheet registered for children with confirmed VL at the referral Emam Reza Hospital in Mashhad.

Diagnosis of keratitis in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran: A Gene-Based PCR Assay.

Background: The genus is a free-living opportunistic protozoan parasite, which widely distributed in soil and fresh water. keratitis, which causes a sight-threating infection of the cornea, is going to rise in Iran and worldwide. The aim of this study was to compare direct microscopy, culture and PCR for detection of spp in clinical samples and to determine the genotypes of spp by sequencing 18SrRNA gene.

Dicrocoelium ova can block the induction phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Aims: This study aimed at investigating the impact of Dicrocoelium ova on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) treatment in C57BL6 mice.

Methods And Results: Twenty-eight C57BL/6 mice were assigned into four groups as PBS, prophylaxis (P), treatment1 (T1) and treatment2 (T2). Prior to induction of EAE in prophylaxis group and on days 7 and 18 in T1 and T2 groups, respectively, Dicrocoelium eggs were injected intraperitoneally to each mouse.

The rK39 Antigen from an Iranian Strain of : Detection of Anti- Antibodies in Humans and Dogs.

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe form of leishmaniasis in Iran with high mortality rates in the case of inaccurate diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to prepare and evaluate a new rk39 recombinant antigen from an Iranian strain of for diagnosis of VL in humans and dogs.

Methods: rK39-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared with the direct agglutination test (DAT) for the detection of anti antibodies.

Changes in the Epidemiology of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Iran.

The province of Khorasan-Razavi in the North East of Iran is an endemic area for anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL caused mainly by ) and zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL caused mainly by ). Based on clinical signs, some cities were considered as ACL foci while others were considered to be endemic for ZCL. This paper reviews studies performed on patients diagnosed with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) via the use of direct slide examination, ELISA, electrophoresis isoenzyme, RAPD PCR and PCR in Mashhad; the study also includes cases of CL in other cities of the Khorasan-Razavi province where only PCR used as a diagnostic tool.

Molecular diagnosis and genotyping of in bronchoalveolar lavage samples obtained from patients with pulmonary disorder.

Background And Purpose: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is one of the most common and life-threatening fungal diseases in patients with human immunodeficiency, treated with immunosuppressive medications. Immunocompetent people can also be a spreading agent for PCP. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to diagnose and identify in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples obtained from patients with pulmonary disorder using a molecular method.

Fish tank granuloma: An emerging skin disease in Iran mimicking Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

Objective: Mycobacterium marinum causes a rare cutaneous disease known as fish tank granuloma (FTG). The disease manifestations resemble those associated with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). The aim of this study was to determine whether FTG was the cause of cutaneous lesions in patients who were referred to the Parasitology laboratory of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad to be investigated for CL.

Epidemiology of dermatophytosis in northeastern Iran; A subtropical region.

Background And Purpose: Dermatophytes as the causative agents of dermatophytosis (ringworm) are widely spread around the world. Accurate identification of dermatophytes in one area can be particularly important for epidemiological studies. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to describe the species spectrum of dermatophytes, isolated from patients in Mashhad city, Iran, using the molecular-based method.

In Vitro and In Vivo Effectiveness of Carvacrol, Thymol and Linalool against .

Background: One of the most important causative agents of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is , which is mainly spread by and sandflies in the Old and New World, respectively. Novel and effective drugs to manage this neglected vector-borne disease are urgently required. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of carvacrol, thymol and linalool, three common essential oil constituents, on amastigotes and promastigotes of .

Generation of a CRISPR/Cas9-Based Vector Specific for Gene Manipulation in .

Background: Gene manipulation strategies including gene knockout and editing are becoming more sophisticated in terms of mechanism of action, efficacy and ease of use. In classical molecular methods of gene knockout, homologous arms are designed for induction of crossing over event in double strand DNA. Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 system has been emerged as a precise and powerful tool for gene targeting.

Pediatric Vaginal Leech Infestation with Severe Bleeding: A Case Report and Review Article.

Background: Vaginal leech infestation is a rare event with vaginal bleeding being its prominent sign. Few cases have been reported in young children.

Case: In this article, we present a case of vaginal leech infestation in a 2-year-old girl who presented with significant vaginal bleeding that caused severe acute anemia, prompting transfusion.

Investigation of Visceral Leishmaniasis among 192 Dog Carcasses Killed by Road Accidents in Khorasan Razavi, Northeastern Iran during 2014-2016.

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), so-called Kala-azar is a life threating parasitic infectious disease caused by spp. is the main causative agent for Mediterranean form of Kala-azar which is endemic in northeastern Iran. This study attempted to investigate existence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in Khorasan Razavi.

Kinetics of antifungal activity of home-generated ozonated water on .

Background And Purpose: -associated denture stomatitis is one of the most common forms of oral candidiasis among denture wearers. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antifungal effects of home-generated ozonated water on the adhesion of the C. attached to the surface of the denture base acrylic resins.

The Golden jackal (Canis aureus) as an indicator animal for Trichinella britovi in Iran.

Nematodes of the genus Trichinella are zoonotic parasites causing trichinellosis. In Iran, these parasites occur in several animal species and rare cases have been recorded in humans. To monitor the epidemiological pattern of these parasites in the Khorasan-e-Razavi province, Northeastern Iran, muscle tissues were collected from the tongues of roadkill animals between 2016 and 2017: 295 stray dogs, one red fox (Vulpes vulpes), 12 golden jackals (Canis aureus), and one wild boar (Sus scrofa).

Identification of species isolated from vulvovaginitis using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.

Background And Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common problem in women. The purpose of this study was to identify isolates by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) from women with vulvovaginitis that were referred to Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted on 65 clinical samples isolated from women that were referred to Ghaem Hospital.

Identification of fungal causative agents of rhinosinusitis from Mashhad, Iran.

Background And Purpose: Rhinosinusitis is a common disorder, influencing approximately 20% of the population at some time of their lives. It was recognized and reported with expanding recurrence over the past two decades worldwide. Undoubtedly, correct diagnosis of fungi in patients with fungal rhinosinusitis affects the treatment planning and prognosis of the patients.

Predominance of non-fumigatus Aspergillus species among patients suspected to pulmonary aspergillosis in a tropical and subtropical region of the Middle East.

Non-fumigatus Aspergillus species are the leading cause of Aspergillus infections in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In a prospective study between 2015 and 2016, a total of 150 bronchoalveolar (BAL) specimens was collected from patients suspected to pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) underlying immunodeficiencies in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran, located in the Middle East. All Aspergillus strains were phylogenetically identified at the species level by PCR-sequencing of partial β-tubulin gene.

Cloning of K26 Hydrophilic Antigen from Iranian Strain of .

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by is the most severe form of leishmaniasis in Iran, which causes a high mortality rate in the case of inaccurate diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to clone of K26 gene from Iranian strain of and register the sequencing results in Genbank to facilitate the preparation a new K26 antigen for the detection of infection.

Methods: was obtained from an infected domestic dog in Meshkin-Shahr area from northwestern Iran in 2015.

High prevalence of candiduria due to non-albicans Candida species among diabetic patients: A matter of concern?

Background: Among the fungal pathogens, Candida species are the most common cause of urinary tract infection (UTI). Some predisposing factors such as diabetes mellitus, urinary retention, urinary stasis, renal transplantation, and hospitalization can increase the risk of candiduria. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate candiduria among type 2 diabetic patients and identification of the Candida isolates.

House Dust Mite Prevalence in the House of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis in Mashhad, Iran.

Background: Being exposed to house dust mites intensifies atopic dermatitis. This study has investigated the contamination rate with mites in patient's residential home with atopic dermatitis.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 40 patients took part with atopic dermatitis (positive or negative for mites by prick Dermal Test).