Commercial Bacteriophage Cocktail Treatment Reduces Salmonella Infantis Levels in Pre-Harvest Agricultural Water.

Contaminated irrigation water in the pre-harvest environment can lead to outbreaks associated with fruits and vegetables. The potential of microbial contamination in pre-harvest waters by bacterial pathogens has created an ongoing demand for effective water treatment methods to mitigate this risk. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of a commercial bacteriophage cocktail against Salmonella Infantis in agricultural water.

Transforaminal epidural steroid injection versus high-volume lumbar erector spinae block in patients with low backache and radicular pain - a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: Transforaminal lumbar epidural steroid injection (TFESI) has been used to treat lumbar radiculopathies. Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has been employed to provide postoperative analgesia following spine and back surgeries. We aimed to compare TFESI with high-volume lumbar ESPB in patients with low backache and radicular pain.

Role of prokineticins and T-reg cells in obesity-associated metabolic oxidative dysregulation in NAFLD.

We investigate the role of prokineticin, T-reg cells, and oxidative metabolism in the progression of obesity-related NASH to HCC. Our findings on a cohort of 250 patients, including Obese NAFLD and Non-Obese NAFLD, reveal significant insights. In Obese NAFLD, PK-1 mRNA expression was reduced by 2.

Unraveling coalification dynamics: a comprehensive spectroscopic study on the chemical and microstructural evolution from lignite to semi-anthracite.

Raman spectroscopy can play a crucial role in coal rank identification by providing direct insights into the structural evolution of carbon during coalification. Unlike any traditional method such as vitrinite reflectance, which rely on specific macerals and often face limitations in low-vitrinite or compositionally altered samples, Raman offers a non-destructive and comprehensive assessment of all organic matter types. It detects changes in chemical bonding, aromaticity, and the degree of structural order-key indicators of coal maturity-by analyzing vibrational energy levels.

Outcomes of Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia: A Multicenter Retrospective Case Series.

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection increasingly recognized among non-HIV immunocompromised patients. In severe cases progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome, venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) may serve as a rescue therapy. We conducted a retrospective multicenter review of 10 adult patients with proven or probable PCP who received VV-ECMO between 2017 and 2024.

Paradoxical Hemoglobin Drop Post-Transfusion: Hyperhemolysis in Delta-Beta Thalassemia with Macrophage Activation Syndrome.

Hyperhaemolysis syndrome (HHS) is a rare, severe complication of transfusion characterised by a paradoxical drop in haemoglobin (Hb) levels post-transfusion, often below pre-transfusion values. Most reported cases are in patients with sickle cell disease and it has been rarely reported in other haemoglobinopathies. We report a case of HHS in a newly diagnosed delta-beta thalassaemia patient, manifesting as macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), successfully managed with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), corticosteroids, rituximab, and erythropoietin.

Neutrophil Integrin α9 Impairs Efferocytosis and Worsens Long-Term Recovery After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background: Neutrophil infiltration exacerbates brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Integrin α9, expressed on neutrophils, facilitates their adhesion and transendothelial migration, leading to aggravated inflammatory responses and neuronal apoptosis. Insufficient clearance of apoptotic neurons by microglia and infiltrating blood-derived macrophages (defective efferocytosis) contributes to persistent inflammation and poor SAH recovery.

Patients with ICD-10-CM codes for Naegleriasis in U.S. hospitals, 2016-2024: A retrospective analysis of administrative data.

Objectives: Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba that causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare and nearly always fatal infection. Other free-living amoebae may cause similar presentations. This study characterizes demographic features, clinical outcomes, and antimicrobial use among patients coded with naegleriasis in a large administrative database.

Donor-Derived Tuberculosis in 3 Solid Organ Transplant Recipients From the Same Donor.

Donor-derived tuberculosis is a rare complication following solid organ transplantation, and tuberculosis screening is not a current transplant prerequisite for most donors. Donor-derived tuberculosis usually presents sooner than reactivation tuberculosis, and the most common finding is fever. We present 3 cases of donor-derived tuberculosis in the recipients of 2 kidneys and 1 liver from the same donor, who presented with unexplained fevers occurring 4-5 weeks after transplantation.

Low Colonisation Rate of Candida auris in Patients of Intensive Care Units: A Study From Central India.

Introduction Invasive candidiasis is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. is a growing concern in healthcare settings, especially in intensive care units (ICUs), due to its rapid spread, limited treatment options, and high mortality risk, posing a substantial challenge for physicians. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of colonization in patients admitted to ICUs of a tertiary care centre in central India.

Is Delaying Marriage Beneficial in Later Life? Age at Marriage and Psychological and Cognitive Health in Later Life in India.

Background And Objectives: Previous research on the effects of age at marriage in low- and middle-income countries has predominantly examined the influence of child marriage on women's reproductive, sexual, and mental health outcomes. However, this research has focused on younger populations and has not examined how age at marriage may affect health in later life. We posit that the experience of adversities associated with child marriage has an enduring influence on cognitive and psychological health in later life.

An Observational Analysis of a Large Cohort of Pneumonia.

Background: pneumonia (PCP) is increasingly seen in patients who are non-HIV immunocompromised hosts, yet modern risk factors and outcomes are poorly recognized and defined.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of adult patients who met criteria for proven or probable PCP from 2017 to 2024 across a large academic multicenter health system. The primary outcome was mortality among cohorts, defined by etiology of immunosuppression through univariate and age-adjusted logistic regression.

Neuroinflammatory crosstalk in migraine: consolidated activity of rizatriptan and meloxicam in suppressing CGRP-induced nociception and COX-mediated inflammation.

Migraine is among the most frequently observed neurovascular malady affecting almost 1 billion people globally and is defined by frequent episodes of headache, accompanying neurological problems, and a markedly reduced standard of health. Migraine pathogenesis is directly linked to the CGRP (Calcitonin-gene-related-peptide), a strong vasodilating protein entangled in the exchange of nociceptor signals, and the cyclo-oxygenase (COX) enzymes, influencing inflammatory responses which aggravate migraine manifestations. Although COX inhibiting drugs as well as CGRP receptor blockers have therapeutical advantages when administered independently, however, they also have drawbacks, such as insufficient effectiveness or side effects, highlighting the necessity of synergistic approaches.

Integrating vision transformer-based deep learning model with kernel extreme learning machine for non-invasive diagnosis of neonatal jaundice using biomedical images.

Birth complications, particularly jaundice, are one of the leading causes of adolescent death and disease all over the globe. The main severity of these illnesses may diminish if scholars study more about their sources and progress toward effective treatment. Assured developments were prepared, but they are inadequate.

ALPHA/BETA HYDROLASE DOMAIN CONTAINING 5 SUPPORTS GLUCOSE-STIMULATED-LIPOLYSIS AND INSULIN SECRETION IN PANCREATIC BETA CELLS.

PNPLA2 (aka adipose triglyceride lipase) is the rate limiting enzyme of triglyceride (TG) catabolism at the surface of lipid droplets (LDs). Lipolysis by PNPLA2 increases with glucose in pancreatic beta cells and produces metabolites that support glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Upregulation of lipolysis by glucose is blunted in human islets affected by type 2 diabetes.

Changes in Mandibular Alveolar Bone Thickness Following All 4s and All 5s Premolar Extraction In Bimaxillary Protrusion Cases: A CBCT Study.

Background: Bimaxillary protrusion is a common orthodontic condition characterized by excessive forward positioning of both the maxilla and mandible. The treatment often involves premolar and molar extractions to achieve optimal alignment and retraction. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers a precise method to evaluate changes in mandibular alveolar bone morphology following such extractions.

A randomised trial to assess the efficacy of add on therapy with aspirin or clopidogrel to the standard medical therapy alone in patients with tubercular meningitis: ACT TBM.

Background: Benefit of antiplatelet therapy for stroke prevention or treatment among patients of Tubercular meningitis (TBM) is uncertain. We hypothesised that add-on therapy with aspirin or clopidogrel to standard treatment will be safe and effective in reducing clinical stroke and/or cerebral infarction in patients with TBM.

Methods: This was a randomised, open-label, superiority trial with blinded outcome assessment.

Accelerating the development of a psychological intervention to restore treatment decision-making capacity in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder: An umbrella trial.

Introduction: Many individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder ('psychosis') lack capacity to make decisions about psychiatric treatment ('incapacity'), however we lack robust evidence from clinical trials on interventions to improve it. To accelerate their development, we tested whether an 'umbrella' trial was feasible. This involved running multiple randomised controlled 'interventionist-causal' trials (IC-RCTs) concurrently.

Relationship Between Glycosylated Hemoglobin and Serum Lipid Profile in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background And Aims: The chronic metabolic disorder type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to low insulin secretion and impaired insulin resistance. Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases are commonly associated with T2DM. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a potential marker for long-term glycemic control in T2DM, and many researchers have studied its relationship with serum lipid profiles.

A fast (CNN + MCWS-transformer) based architecture for protein function prediction.

The transformer model for sequence mining has brought a paradigmatic shift to many domains, including biological sequence mining. However, transformers suffer from quadratic complexity, i.e.

Ion Migration and Dopant Effects in the Gamma-CsPbI Perovskite Photovoltaic Material: Atomistic Insights through and Machine Learning Methods.

Inorganic halide perovskites such as CsPbI are attracting increasing attention for solar cell and optoelectronic applications. Ion migration is known to be an important factor in perovskite behavior, but the impact of cation dopants on iodide diffusion in the room-temperature orthorhombic γ-CsPbI is not fully understood, especially at the atomic level. Here, we investigate the effect on iodide migration of incorporating different cations (including Sn, Ba, and Cu) into γ-CsPbI, focusing on maintaining an inorganic phase rather than doping with molecular organic ions.

A comparative analysis of computational models for respiratory frequency.

Effective mechanical ventilation depends on precise control of multiple parameters, including respiratory frequency. This study explores the influence of respiratory frequency on ventilation through a comparative analysis of four mathematical models. Understanding optimal frequency selection is paramount for ventilator design and control algorithms.

Biocontrol of Two Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains and a Nonpathogenic Surrogate E. coli in Wheat Grains and Wheat Milling Operations Using a Lytic Bacteriophage Cocktail.

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) contamination of wheat and flour has emerged as a significant public health risk and a major challenge for the milling industry. Several interventions such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone, lactic acid, etc. have been evaluated and are used with variable success.