The influence of metabolic dysfunction on depressive symptom trajectories: A one-year follow-up study.

This study explored the role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and health-related behaviors in the progression of depressive symptoms over a one-year naturalistic follow-up in patients with depressive disorder. Using data from 153 participants recruited through the Signature Biobank at a psychiatric emergency setting, we tested whether MetS mediated the relationship between health-related behaviors such as smoking, alcohol and drug use, and sleep, and depressive symptom trajectories. Linear mixed models revealed that while depressive symptoms significantly decreased over time, higher MetS score was associated with a slower improvement in depressive symptoms.

Activity and access of surgical abortion in metropolitan France.

Objective: To report the territorial distribution and characteristics of healthcare centres performing surgical abortion in France, along with the accessibility of these centres.

Material And Methods: A nationwide population-based cohort study of all women hospitalized for surgical abortion was conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2022 in metropolitan France. Number, location, activity volume and use of local anaesthesia rate of surgical abortion centres were reported as distribution activity across metropolitan France.

Delays in Crime Victim Compensation in Illinois affect the most vulnerable.

Introduction: Crime victim compensation (CVC) was developed to help individuals and families with expenses following violent injury. Administrative obstacles and potential biases may contribute to disparities in CVC. We explored rates of successful claims, award amounts and time to disbursement in Illinois.

"They don't know what it's really like:" qualitative insights into inpatient cardiac nurses' perceived workload.

Background: Measurements of nursing workload often fail to reflect the complexity of nursing work. Nurses' perceived workload is shaped by many factors, including patient characteristics, personal, social, organizational, and environmental factors. There is a demonstrated interest in developing more comprehensive nurse workload measurement strategies, but little research has employed qualitative methods to investigate the beliefs and experiences of frontline staff.

Perioperative prevention of euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis in people living with type 2 diabetes established on sodium-glucose transport-2 inhibitors - a cross-site multi-cycle audit.

Sodium-glucose transport-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are commonly prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease and heart failure. However, their continuation in the perioperative setting in people with diabetes can precipitate euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA), a potentially life-threatening complication. This multi-cycle audit evaluated adherence to perioperative guidelines regarding preoperative cessation and postoperative re-initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors.

Factors associated with lateralized cognitive dysfunction using the Cognitive Lateralization Rating Index in pediatric epilepsy.

Introduction: Optimizing cognitive outcomes of pediatric epilepsy surgery requires understanding of risk for change in function, typically based on hemispheric lateralization of language skills. Identification of cognitive lateralization in children is complicated by disease in the setting of ongoing functional development. A quantitative method for assessing lateralization, the Cognitive Lateralization Rating Index (CLRI), was used as a systematic way to assess lateralized cognitive dysfunction in a sample of pediatric epilepsy surgery candidates.

Representation matters: advocating for increased diversity in the pediatric surgical workforce to address health inequity.

Equitable health is the state in which all have the opportunity to attain full health potential and no disadvantage from achieving this because of social position or another socially defined circumstance [1]. One measure of society is marked by how vulnerable populations, like children, are treated, including the right to achieve and access good health. Focusing on health equity helps to address the social determinants of health which can adversely affect pediatric care and threatens surgical outcomes for the most vulnerable children in society [1-5].

Influence of capping chemotherapy prescriptions on efficacy and tolerability in medium and high-risk early-stage breast cancer.

Capping body surface area (BSA) at 2.0 m is a common clinical practice. This empirical practice is intended to mitigate toxicities.

Association between depressive symptoms and health status outcomes in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease.

Introduction: Depressive symptoms frequently co-occur in peripheral artery disease (PAD) and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We examined the association between depressive symptoms upon PAD presentation and PAD-specific health status outcomes.

Methods: Patients with new or worsening claudication in the PORTRAIT registry (2011-2015) were included.

Substrate-Controlled Divergent Syntheses of Polycyclic Tetrahydropyrimidin-4-ones and 1,3-Oxazinane-4,6-diones from Dihydroisoquinolines and Meldrum's Acid.

The microwave-assisted reaction of functionalized dihydroisoquinolines with Meldrum's acid unveiled a one-step, divergent access to rare polycyclic pyrimidinones and oxazinanediones. The outcome hinged on the identity of the C1 substituent (R) of the dihydroisoquinolines, where hydrogen favored pyrimidinones, while aryl and alkyl groups afforded oxazinanediones. DFT calculations elucidated the underlying mechanism of this divergence, revealing shared intermediates whose fate is dictated by the stereoelectronic properties of the R group.

Hartmann's procedure versus primary anastomosis for Hinchey III or IV sigmoid diverticulitis: a propensity score analysis of a retrospective national cohort study.

Introduction:  Primary anastomosis with a diverting stoma (PA) has been evaluated relative to Hartmann's procedure (HP) for Hinchey III/IV peritonitis in four randomized trials, all of which lacked power. We aimed to evaluate the safety of PA for this indication in real-life settings.

Patients And Methods:  Patients who underwent surgery for Hinchey III/IV diverticulitis at 43 French centers from 2010 to 2021 were included in this retrospective multicenter study.

Advances in intraoperative imaging technologies for complex biliary disease.

Intraoperative imaging has enhanced the precision of biliary surgery in pediatric patients by improving visualization and reducing complications. This review examines intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), fluorescent cholangiography (FC) with indocyanine green (ICG), laparoscopic ultrasound (LUS), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). IOC remains the gold standard for identifying biliary anomalies but raises concerns about radiation exposure and operative time.

Oral and maxillofacial clinical features of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a systematic review.

Background: Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are inherited connective tissue disorders with diverse clinical manifestations, complicating subtype classification. While joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue fragility are key diagnostic features, oral and maxillofacial signs are often overlooked.

Objective: This review compiles dental and maxillofacial manifestations in EDS patients and identifies subtype-specific features to assist diagnosis.

Farnesoid X receptor agonists as broad-acting antivirals: Evidence from hepatitis viruses and beyond?

As intracellular organisms, viruses exploit host metabolism to replicate and propagate. The farnesoid X receptor alpha (FXRα) is a bile acid-activated nuclear receptor that regulates bile acid, glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as inflammation and immunity. Since its discovery in 1995, numerous ligands have been developed to treat metabolism-related syndromes.

Application of wings interferential patterns (WIPs) and deep learning (DL) to classify some Culex. spp (Culicidae) of medical or veterinary importance.

In this paper, we test the possibility of using Wing Interference Patterns (WIPs) and deep learning (DL) for the identification of Culex mosquitoes species to evaluate the extent to which a generic method could be developed for surveying Dipteran insects of major importance to human health. Previous applications of WIPs and DL have successfully demonstrated their utility in identifying Anopheles, Aedes, sandflies, and tsetse flies, providing the rationale for extending this approach to Culex. Accurate identification of these mosquitoes is crucial for vector-borne disease control, yet traditional methods remain labor-intensive and are often hindered by cryptic species or damaged samples.

[Health system in French Guyana: France in South America].

FRANCE IN SOUTH AMERICA. The French healthcare system is in fact the same in many parts of the country. Some are in tropical zones, which is not always understood during medical studies, the second cycle of which currently still takes place in mainland France, including for overseas students.

A social return on investment analysis of a free meal program to support rural cancer patients and caregivers travelling for treatment.

Purpose: Travelling for cancer treatment imposes financial burden and disrupts routines, including food access and preparation. This study assessed the social return on investment (SROI) and acceptability of providing a free, healthy meal to rural cancer patients and caregivers on arrival at a city-based accommodation lodge operated by a not-for-profit cancer support organisation.

Methods: Baseline survey data were collected from lodge guests over an 8-week period, and again during an 8-week Intervention period where guests received a free meal from an on-site fresh food vending machine on the day of arrival.

Latent Health Status Trajectories in Individuals With New or Worsening Claudication Symptoms.

Background: While peripheral artery disease care for claudication aims to improve health status (symptoms, physical function, and quality of life), health status trajectories remain unclear. We aimed to determine health status trajectories and explore baseline factors associated with treatment nonresponsiveness.

Methods: Data were derived from the PORTRAIT (Patient-Centered Outcomes Related to Treatment Practices in Peripheral Arterial Disease: Investigating Trajectories) registry of patients with claudication symptoms presenting to vascular specialty clinics across the United States, Australia, and Netherlands.

Medical Students' Insight into Foundation Training (MEDSIFT): a National Cross-Sectional Online Survey reveals close to 50% are considering a career outside the NHS.

Introduction: The new preference-informed allocation (PIA) system introduced for the 2024 UK cohort Foundation Programme (UKFPO) marks a shift away from the traditional meritocratic 'ranking' used in previous years. Instead of appointment to Foundation Programme places, PIA is a computer-generated allocation and deanery preferencing system. This change has raised numerous concerns among both students and clinicians.

Does Aspirin Increase Risk of Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Skin Lesion Excision: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Aspirin is a commonly prescribed medication, which impairs the action of platelets. This also results in a higher risk of bleeding. Cutaneous lesion excision is frequently performed for diagnosis and treatment of malignancies, as well as for aesthetic or functional benefits.

Diabetes status and long-term mortality and major amputation outcomes following revascularization in chronic limb-threatening ischemia.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects over 60% of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). The association between DM and outcomes after lower-extremity bypass (LEB) or peripheral vascular interventions (PVI) remains unclear. Our study aims to assess the association between DM and 5-year all-cause mortality and major amputation after LEB vs PVI for CLTI.

Addressing disparities in telehealth access for children on the Southside of Chicago.

Background: Rapid implementation of telehealth exacerbated the digital divide, creating uneven distribution in access, use, or impact of communication technologies among distinct groups. Our aim was to identify factors impacting access to telehealth in a pediatric specialty clinic.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used survey methods and electronic health record (EHR) data to examine telehealth access during the COVID-19 pandemic in the South Side of Chicago.

Attendance patterns in well-child visits across diverse pediatric populations, Midwestern United States.

Objective: Routine well-child visits (WCVs) are essential for monitoring child health; however, substantial differences exist in attendance, particularly among non-Hispanic Black families. We quantified these disparities within a single healthcare system, comparing two distinct pediatric practice groups: one serving primarily non-Hispanic Black and one serving primarily non-Hispanic white children.

Method: This retrospective analysis included patients born in 2022 with at least one WCV in their first 15 months of life using electronic medical records from a healthcare system in the Chicago area.