Acute Toxicity Assessment, In Vitro Antacid and Cytoprotective Effects of Root Bark Aqueous Extract of on Water Immersion Stress-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antacid and cytoprotective effects of root bark aqueous extract of (RBAEDM). Thirty rats were grouped into six groups of five rats each, namely, three control groups (normal, negative and positive) and three test groups. These animals were treated with distilled water (normal and negative controls), verapamil (positive control) and the extract at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg (test groups).

Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Immune Status Response of Hepatitis B Virus Among Healthcare Workers in Yaoundé General Hospital, Cameroon, During May to June 2024: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is preventable through vaccination. However, healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of HBV transmission due to occupational exposure.

Aims: This study investigates the prevalence of HBV markers of exposure and infection, HBV genotypes, and immunity among HCWs at Yaoundé General Hospital.

Mycorrhizal symbioses and tree diversity in global forest communities.

Unraveling the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of species diversity is a central pursuit in ecology. It has been hypothesized that ectomycorrhizal (EcM) in contrast to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce tree species diversity in local communities, which remains to be tested at the global scale. To address this gap, we analyzed global forest inventory data and revealed that the relationship between tree species richness and EcM tree proportion varied along environmental gradients.

Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis contamination in the district of Ndikiniméki, Centre-Cameroon region.

Objectives: Schistosomiasis (SCH) and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) are significant public health concerns in Africa, necessitating targeted control strategies for vulnerable populations. This study assesses the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding these diseases among residents of the Ndikiniméki district in Centre-Cameroon.

Methods: Data were collected through a pre-designed questionnaire from June 2023 to April 2024, involving 756 respondents aged 15 years and over from 15 villages and seven neighborhoods.

Oral Health in Tanzania: Unmasking Its Neglected Dimension.

The World Health Organization's definition of oral health underscores its holistic nature encompassing physiological, psychosocial, and functional dimensions. The current estimates of oral diseases in Tanzania and around the world underscore the urgency of intervention, particularly in light of rising sugar consumption trends. The unique challenges facing Tanzania, including inadequate knowledge, limited infrastructure, and disparities in oral healthcare access, are analyzed within the broader context of sub-Saharan Africa's health priorities.

Malaria transmission, insecticide resistance and efficacy of insecticide-treated nets in Belabo and Ouami, two localities of the East Region of Cameroon.

The East Region of Cameroon has over 150 malaria cases per 1000 inhabitants per year. Factors contributing to this high malaria prevalence are not well understood. This study assessed the bionomics of vectors involved in malaria transmission, their susceptibility to insecticides, and the efficacy of insecticide-treated nets.

2-Amino-6-nitro-1,3-benzo-thia-zol-3-ium 3-carb-oxy-4-hy-droxy-benzene-1-sulfonate.

In the title salt, CHNOS·CHOS, the cation is protonated at the thia-zole N atom and the dihedral angle between the nitro group and its attached benzene ring is 3.6 (4)°. In the anion, the sulfonate group is deprotonated and the dihedral angle between the carb-oxy-lic acid grouping and its attached ring is 7.

Challenges of total hip replacement surgery in austere settings: a case series of 158 patients operated in the Far North Region of Cameroon.

The incidence of total hip replacement (THR) surgery is on the rise in Cameroon, attributed to the growing number of practitioners, increased availability of implants, and continuous improvement in surgeons' skills. However, challenges persist, particularly in the operating environment, equipment availability, financial policies, and prevailing cultural beliefs regarding traditional medicine. This study offers a short-term review of primary hip arthroplasty activities in an austere setting of the Far North region of Cameroon.

Mortality and low C-peptide levels in children and young people diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in Cameroon: a case series from the young-onset diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa study.

Type 1 diabetes-associated mortality in Africa remains high despite several coordinated international initiatives. Therefore, understanding the causes of death will guide context-specific public health interventions. This descriptive case series examined the number and causes of death among children and young people (CYP) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the young-onset diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa (YODA) study in Cameroon.

Glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents for efficient and reversible iodine uptake from vapour phase.

The efficient capture and recovery of radioactive iodine (I₂) is crucial for nuclear safety and environmental protection. In this study, we propose some glycerol (Gly)-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as novel and promising solvents for iodine uptake from the vapour phase. Depending on the cholinium salt (Ch) selected as hydrogen bond acceptor (iodide or chloride) and its relative ratio with respect to glycerol (1:2 or 1:3), the I uptake approaches or even overcomes the 300 ms% with ChCl:Gly 1:2 showing the best performance with 4 g g after 24 h.

Contribution of Thoron and Its Progeny to the Effective Dose by Inhalation in the Uranium-Thorium Bearing Regions of Mayo Kebbi and Guéra in Chad.

In recent years, technological developments and hypotheses made by some researchers have revealed that the effective inhalation dose from thoron and its progeny was underestimated. This study uses direct measurements to show the significant contribution of thoron progeny to the effective inhalation dose. To achieve this, radon-thoron discriminative detectors (RADUET) and thoron progeny monitors were used for the simultaneous measurement of radon, thoron, and thoron progeny in 150 selected houses in the townships of Bitkine, Mongo, Léré, and Pala in southern Chad.

Mostuea batesii Baker (Gelsemiaceae) root bark hydroethanolic extract unveil neuroprotective, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities in rat model exposed to lead acetate.

Lead poisoning is the first occupational disease in the Eastern region of Cameroon and is associated with mining activities. It has serious neurological and cardiovascular consequences that can lead to death. Conventional treatments available do not significantly reduce the bioavailability of lead in blood and are not accessible to everyone.

COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practice in combating TB and COVID-19 in Cameroon.

Background: COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) were the top two leading causes of death from a single infectious agent in 2022.

Aim: This study aimed at assessing COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) and their associated factors among pulmonary TB patients and healthy individuals in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Setting: The study was conducted at the Jamot Hospital in Yaoundé, a main referral hospital for TB management in Cameroon.

Antibacterial, antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of 1,2,3,5-tetrazine derivatives linked to a benzothiazole moiety.

A series of known tetrazine derivatives, containing benzothiazole scaffold, were prepared during the coupling reactions of selected diazotized 2-aminobenzo[d]thiazole derivatives with p-acetaminophen. The as-prepared compounds were characterized based on NMR and MS spectrometry. The antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated by microdilution method, whereas the anti-quorum sensing effect was carried out using assay for the inhibition of violacein formation.

Isojamaicin, one of the isoflavonoids from Baill (Fabaceae) has anticancer effect on human prostate cancer cells.

Objectives: The incidence of cancer, a second leading cause of death globally, continues to rise steadily, and could reach 28.4 million cases by 2040, if no action is taken. Prostate cancer, the second most common cancer in men globally following lung cancer, accounted for 1,414,259 new cases and led to 375,304 deaths in 2022.

Collective learning for resilience in Global South cities: a community-based systems mapping approach to integrated climate and health action.

Introduction: Cities in the Global South face escalating climate change challenges, including extreme weather events that disproportionately affect marginalized populations and exacerbate health risks, such as non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Climate resilience, defined as the capacity to adapt and recover from climate-related events, requires intersectoral collaboration between governments and civil society.

Methods: This study employs a Community-based System Dynamics approach, leveraging shared learning across four cities-Belo Horizonte (BH, Brazil), Yaoundé (Cameroon), Kingston (Jamaica), and Kisumu (Kenya)-through the Global Diet and Activity Research Network (GDAR).

Cameroonian Physiotherapists' Practice, Confidence, and Perception of Health Promotion for People at Risk or with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Qualitative Study.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their risk factors are increasing with associated disability and mortality burden globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries, including Cameroon. Physiotherapist-led health promotion (PLHP) interventions provide opportunities to improve health and reduce this burden. Understanding physiotherapists' practice, confidence, and perception is crucial for designing effective, context-specific PLHP interventions.

(L.f.) Kuntze Leaf Aqueous Extract Improves Liver Architecture in a Model of Aflatoxin-Containing Peanut-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats.

Consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated food is responsible for hepatotoxicity. () is used in traditional African medicine to treat various liver diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of aqueous leaf extract of on aflatoxin-containing peanut-induced liver damage in Wistar rats.

Natural products as transmission-blocking agents against malaria: a comprehensive review of bioactive compounds and their therapeutic potential.

Malaria eradication is hindered by the persistence of transmission stages of Plasmodium falciparum that enable parasite transfer from humans to mosquitoes. Current therapeutic strategies, such as artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) combined with primaquine, are insufficient due to limited efficacy on mature gametocytes and safety concerns in populations with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. This highlights the critical need for innovative, safe, and effective transmission-blocking interventions.

Multi-omics characterization of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus from grains and rhizosphere of maize across agroecological zones of Cameroon.

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most widely consumed cereal in Cameroon but is frequently contaminated with aflatoxins, posing significant economic, environmental, and health risks. These challenges hinder progress toward the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Cameroon's 2020-2030 National Development Strategy.

Logarithmic mean optimization a metaheuristic algorithm for global and case specific energy optimization.

This study introduces a novel metaheuristic optimization algorithm named Logarithmic Mean-Based Optimization (LMO), designed to enhance convergence speed and global optimality in complex energy optimization problems. LMO leverages logarithmic mean operations to achieve a superior balance between exploration and exploitation. The algorithm's performance was benchmarked against six established methods-Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA), and Firefly Algorithm (FA)-using the CEC 2017 suite of 23 high-dimensional functions.

Effect of climate on traits of dominant and rare tree species in the world's forests.

Species' traits and environmental conditions determine the abundance of tree species across the globe. The extent to which traits of dominant and rare tree species differ remains untested across a broad environmental range, limiting our understanding of how species traits and the environment shape forest functional composition. We use a global dataset of tree composition of >22,000 forest plots and 11 traits of 1663 tree species to ask how locally dominant and rare species differ in their trait values, and how these differences are driven by climatic gradients in temperature and water availability in forest biomes across the globe.

Safety assessment of Detarium microcarpum Guil. & Perr. (Leguminosae) root bark extract in rats: Acute, sub-acute toxicity, ADMET, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations approach.

Since the last decades, Detarium microcarpum have been used and studied due to the significant properties to threat various ailments. It is therefore crucial to ascertain the safety properties of is phytoconstituents. The present study was taken up to investigate the oral acute toxicity, 28 days repeated oral sub-acute toxicity study of D.

Prevalence and impact of headaches in workers of a palm plantation in Cameroon.

BackgroundHeadaches are a worldwide health issue that impact almost all social strata, with a particular effect on the working population, leading to substantial financial cost to society. However, despite their significant socio-professional impact, data on this topic remain scarce in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study aims to assess the prevalence and impact of headaches among workers.