Isolating design variables by assessing the impact of cross-section geometry on the mechanical performance of nickel-titanium rotary instruments: a comparative in vitro study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of cross-section geometry on the mechanical properties of nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments by comparing two instruments with identical tip size, taper, and thermal treatment but differing in cross-section design.

Methods: One hundred four NiTi rotary instruments, being S-shaped and triangular cross-section, manufactured with Blueish thermal treatment, were tested (n = 52 per group). Differential scanning calorimetry was employed, and the metal mass volume and cross-section area were assessed.

Effects of Lycopene Supplementation on Bone Tissue: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Preclinical Evidence.

: Bone tissue undergoes continuous remodeling, and imbalances in this process can lead to osteometabolic disorders, such as osteoporosis. Thus, bioactive compounds, like lycopene (LYC), have been investigated for their potential protective effects in bone health. This systematic review (SR) aimed to evaluate the effects of LYC supplementation on bone tissue.

Promoting Comprehensive Care for People With Rare Diseases in a Tertiary Care Setting in Brazil: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Implementation Study.

Background: Rare diseases (RDs) have gained attention in public policy due to their complexity and low prevalence and the challenges they present in health care settings. Comprehensive care for people with RDs requires strengthening of services, programs, and care levels. It is imperative to make digital health tools available to support epidemiological surveillance, facilitate patient follow-up, and enhance the education and awareness of health care professionals (HCPs) regarding these conditions.

Modified Anatomical Reconstruction of the Medial Collateral Ligament With Tibial Sling Bone Tunnels and Double-Bundle Semitendinosus Tendon.

This article describes a modification of an surgical technique for the anatomical reconstruction of the superficial medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the knee using a semitendinosus tendon graft in a minimally invasive approach. The MCL often is the site of severe injuries, which can result in long-term complications such as instability. The detailed surgical technique begins with an examination under anesthesia and diagnostic arthroscopy for accurate injury assessment.

Improved Estimates of Biomass Expansion Factors and Root-To-Shoot Ratios: An Approach for Different Forest Types Across a Climatic Gradient in Brazil.

Advancements in the current state of the art of the key drivers of biomass expansion factor (BEF) and the root-to-shoot ratio (R) are crucial for producing accurate information on forest biomass and carbon stocks. Hence, we compiled a nationally representative dataset encompassing diverse tree growth stages and climatic gradients. In this study, we propose models to improve BEF and R estimates at the tree level for Eucalyptus and Pinus plantations in Brazil.

Three-dimensional analysis of the gait in patients with cervical myelopathy undergoing surgical treatment.

Observational, longitudinal, and prospective study. To describe gait characteristics and evaluate the impact of decompressive surgery on improving gait quality after surgical spine decompression in patients diagnosed with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). All participants underwent a three-dimensional gait assessment before the surgical procedure, three months, six months and one year of follow up.

Emerging GI-23 infectious bronchitis virus in vaccinated broiler chickens: detection and molecular characterization during a respiratory outbreak in Southern Brazil.

Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) is an avian coronavirus that significantly impacts poultry production worldwide. Analysis of the complete S1 gene has classified IBV into genotypes GI to GIX and more than 40 lineages to date. This study aimed to investigate whether a new IBV variant was involved in respiratory disease outbreaks observed in 2021 in vaccinated commercial broiler flocks in Paraná State, Brazil.

Effectiveness of the iVac System Compared to Conventional Irrigation and Ultrasonic Activation in Reducing Microbial Biofilm, Lipopolysaccharides and Apical Extrusion.

This in vitro study evaluated the effectiveness of irrigation techniques (IT)-conventional irrigation (CI), ultrasonic activation (UA), and iVac system (IA)- using 2.5% NaOCl and saline in reducing Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans in root canals and intratubular dentine. It also assessed the reduction of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and apical extrusion.

Achieving Functional and Aesthetic Harmony Through a Fully Digital Workflow for Lateral Agenesis Rehabilitation: A 12-Month Follow-Up.

Objective: Digital technologies are revolutionizing dentistry by introducing advanced methods that enhance treatment planning and execution. In complex cases, these innovations improve communication among interdisciplinary teams and streamline workflows for more personalized and efficient care. This case report demonstrates the aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of a patient with agenesis of lateral incisors, smile asymmetry, and facial skeletal discrepancies, using an integrated digital approach.

Clinical evaluation of the effect of 980 nm diode laser and fluoride varnish on dentin hypersensitivity.

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common and challenging clinical condition with limited long-lasting treatments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 980 nm diode laser treatment, associated or not with fluoride varnish, in the treatment of DH. Sixty volunteers were selected and randomly assigned for treatment following three different protocols (1- treatment with 0.

Molecular detection and characterization of Trichomonas spp. in wild birds in the Brazilian Pantanal.

Members of the family Trichomonadidae, particularly Trichomonas gallinae, are globally distributed avian parasites that primarily infect birds from the orders Columbiformes, Falconiformes, and Strigiformes. Although infections in Passeriformes are often subclinical, clinical cases have been reported. Transmission occurs through direct contact or indirectly via contaminated food or water, enabling infection across various avian orders, including Anseriformes, Falconiformes, Galliformes, Gruiformes, Passeriformes, Piciformes, Psittaciformes, and Strigiformes.

Anti-erosive effect of fluoride solutions associated with methacrylate polymer: A randomized crossover in situ study.

Objectives: To evaluate the anti-erosive effect of solutions containing fluoride and aminomethacrylate copolymer associations on enamel and dentin, using a randomized crossover in situ model.

Methods: Bovine enamel and dentin specimens were fixed in intraoral devices. Participants (n = 12) installed the devices and rinsed with seven experimental solutions in a randomized sequence, with 2-day washout between them: Ultrapure water-C; Sodium fluoride-F (225 ppmF-); Stannous Chloride-Sn (800 ppm Sn2+); Aminomethacrylate- AA (2 %); FSn; F+AA; FSn+AA.

PTEN inhibition induces neuronal differentiation and neuritogenesis in SH-SY5Y cells via AKT signaling pathway.

BackgroundPTEN is a key regulator of neuronal differentiation and neurogenesis. Its role in modulating the PI3K/AKT pathway and oxidative stress responses in neuronal models remains an area of active investigation.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the effects of PTEN knockdown on neuronal differentiation, neuritic growth, and PI3K/AKT pathway activation in SH-SY5Y cells.

Physician distribution and income-inequality on lung cancer mortality in Brazil.

Objective: To determine how lung cancer mortality differ by region in Brazil and whether these differences correlate with patient sex, income inequality and number of physicians involved in lung cancer treatment.

Results: Female sex, year of death and higher number of broncoesophalogists were all associated with lower mortality (p < 0.05), whereas a higher number of family medicine doctors, thoracic surgeons, pneumologists and a higher average income were associated with higher mortality rates (p < 0.

Production, characterization, and antifungal action of a biosurfactant obtained from diazotrophic Paenibacillus sp.

Biosurfactants (BS) are surface-active agents derived from microbes, garnering increasing industrial interest due to their environmentally friendly and sustainable nature. Although several bacterial isolates capable of producing biosurfactants have been reported, their production by diazotrophic strains remains underexplored. This study investigated the production, physicochemical properties, chemical composition and antifungal activity of BS produced by the diazotrophic bacteria Paenibacillus sp.

Reduction of the erosive potential of a soft drink with polymers and calcium.

Objectives: To evaluate the erosive potential of a soft drink modified with film-forming polymers and calcium on bovine enamel and dentin.

Methods: Sprite Zero Sugar was modified with linear sodium polyphosphate (LPP-10 g/L) and sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP-10 g/L), individually or combined with calcium lactate pentahydrate (CLP-4.35 g/L).

Final recommendations for the Latin America and Caribbean Periodontics Consensus 2024.

The 2024 Consensus on Periodontology for Latin America and the Caribbean addresses the significant public health issue of periodontal diseases, impacting millions in the region. This comprehensive document presents holistic recommendations to standardize diagnostic methodologies, enhance public awareness, and integrate preventive and therapeutic practices into general healthcare. Key areas include understanding the prevalence and impact of periodontal diseases, identifying risk factors, and improving diagnostic, preventive, and treatment strategies.

Chemical and Biological Properties of C-Point Obturation Cones.

This study evaluated the chemical composition and subcutaneous tissue biocompatibility of C-Point, a root canal filling material, compared to ProTaper gutta-percha cones (control). Material characterization was conducted using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). For biocompatibility assessment, both materials were implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal connective tissue of sixteen albino rats (n = 8 per group).

HIV prevalence and prevention behaviors among immigrant men who have sex with men in Brazil and Portugal.

BackgroundThis study aimed to assess HIV prevalence and associated sexual behaviors among immigrant men who have sex with men (MSM) in Brazil and Portugal, recognizing the elevated vulnerability of this population due to sociocultural and structural barriers.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted between January 2020 and May 2021 with 2033 immigrant MSM. Participants were recruited using snowball sampling through dating applications.

Synergistic effect of aminomethacrylate copolymer and fluoride in toothpastes against erosive tooth wear.

Objective: To evaluate the protective potential of fluoride toothpaste formulations associated with aminomethacrylate copolymer (AMC) against enamel initial erosion and erosive tooth wear.

Material And Methods: Polished bovine enamel specimens were divided into six groups (n = 13): placebo toothpaste (PL), AMC toothpaste (AMC 4 %), sodium fluoride toothpaste (F, 1450 ppm F), AMC+NaF toothpaste (AMC+F), abrasion negative control (ANC - ultrapure water with abrasion), and erosion negative control- (ENC - ultrapure water without abrasion). Specimens underwent erosive/abrasive cycling, which included 0.

Anencephaly and palatoschisis in 2 newborn puppies.

Anencephaly is a congenital condition characterized by incomplete brain development and malformations of cranial bones and cerebral hemispheres. Such defects arise from improper neural tube closure during embryogenesis. Although well documented in humans, they are infrequently reported in veterinary medicine.

Individual muscle hypertrophy response is affected by the overload progression model and is associated with changes in satellite cell content.

Purpose: We aimed to compare individual hypertrophic responses to resistance training in which overload progressed either by adjusting the load (LOADProg) or by increasing the number of repetitions (REPSProg). Furthermore, we investigated whether greater responsiveness to one protocol was associated with chronic changes in myonuclei and satellite cells, proteolysis and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling biomarkers.

Methods: Thirty-seven untrained participants had their legs randomized into LOADProg and REPSProg and underwent 10 weeks of training.

Urbanization Filters Megacolorful, Small-Bodied, and Diet-Specialist Species in Tropical Bird Assemblages.

The colorfulness of bird plumage plays a crucial role in intraspecific (e.g., sexual display) and interspecific ecological interactions (e.