ift140-Deficient Zebrafish as a Model for Kidney Cystogenesis and an F0-Based Screen for Genetic Modifiers of Kidney Cysts.

Background: Genetic modifiers are believed to play an important role in the onset and severity of polycystic kidney disease (PKD), but identifying these modifiers has been challenging due to the lack of effective methodologies.

Methods: We generated zebrafish mutants of IFT140, a skeletal ciliopathy gene and newly identified autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD) gene, to examine skeletal development and kidney cyst formation in larval and juvenile mutants. Additionally, we utilized ift140 crispants, generated through efficient microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ)-based genome editing, to compare phenotypes with mutants and conduct a pilot genetic modifier screen.

Early-Start vs. Late-Start Icodextrin for Children Receiving Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis: Findings from the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network.

Background: Experience with icodextrin use in children on long-term peritoneal dialysis is limited. We describe international icodextrin prescription practices and their impact on clinical outcomes: ultrafiltration, blood pressure control, residual kidney function (RKF), technique and patient survival.

Methods: We included patients under 21 years enrolled in the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network (IPPN) between 2007 and 2024, on automated PD with a daytime dwell.

Access to Healthy Foods and Diet Quality: Implications for Advancing Equity in Kidney Health Outcomes.

Socioeconomic, environmental and lifestyle factors shape kidney health. Among the social determinants of health, access to healthy foods is particularly significant. As a basic need, food is integral to an individual's identity, culture, and health.

Effect of inpatient rehabilitation on self-care and functional activities in acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent thrombectomy.

Background: The benefits of rehabilitation in acute ischemic stroke patients following thrombectomy remain underexplored. We assessed which activities of daily living (ADLs) show the greatest improvement after goal-directed therapy in an inpatient rehabilitation setting.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed pre- and post-rehabilitation functional assessments in 40 acute ischemic stroke patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy.

MicroRNA-mediated regulation of proliferation, lineage differentiation, and apoptosis in neural stem cells.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent stem cells with self-renewal capacity, able to differentiate into all neural lineages of the central nervous system, including neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes; thus, their proliferation and differentiation are essential for embryonic neurodevelopment and adult brain homoeostasis. Dysregulation in these processes is implicated in neurological disorders, highlighting the need to elucidate how NSCs proliferate and differentiate to clarify the mechanisms of neurogenesis and uncover potential therapeutic targets. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression involved in many aspects of nervous system development and function.

A Remote Time-Restricted Eating and Mindfulness Intervention Addressing Risk Factors Associated with Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Demonstrates Feasibility and Acceptability among Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.

Increased adiposity and chronic psychosocial stress (CPS) are plausible modifiable contributors of the recent increase in early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC). We conducted an 8-week randomized controlled pilot trial evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of time restricted eating (TRE) (daily ad libitum eating between 12-8pm) and Mindfulness ("Mindfulness for Beginners" course from the Calm app) among young adults. Participants were randomized to the following groups: TRE ( = 10); Mindfulness ( = 11); TRE & Mindfulness ( = 11); or Control ( = 11).

Psychoacoustic assessment of misophonia.

Misophonia is a condition characterized by intense negative emotional reactions to trigger sounds and related stimuli. In this study, adult listeners (N = 15) with a self-reported history of misophonia symptoms and a control group without misophonia (N = 15) completed listening judgements of recorded misophonia trigger stimuli using a standard scale. Participants also completed an established questionnaire of misophonia symptoms, the Misophonia Questionnaire (MQ).

Demotivating Justice: White Americans' Outrage at Individual Bigotry May Reduce Action to Address Systematic Racial Inequity.

These studies examine whether expressing outrage at a prejudiced individual may undermine justice-insensitive White Americans' motivation to engage in more costly actions addressing systemic racism. Study 1 ( = 896) manipulated White privilege salience and the opportunity to express outrage before measuring donations to a racial justice organization. Reminders of racial privilege increased White collective guilt, and donations among White U.

Forced symmetry-breaking in networks with dihedral symmetry.

Adaptation in complex systems implies a natural ability to change. In networks, adaptation may include a change in structural connectivity, which can lead to a change in collective behavior. When dihedral symmetry is present, i.

Cell death pathways in response to and other mycobacterial infections.

Cell death mechanisms play a fundamental role in mycobacterial pathogenesis. We critically reviewed 94 research manuscripts, 44 review articles, and 4 book chapters to analyze important discoveries, background literature, and potential shortcomings in the field. The focus of this review is the pathogen (Mtb) and other Mtb and complex microorganisms.

Essentials of the System of Radiological Protection.

The System of Radiological Protection (the "System") developed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is built on nearly a century of efforts of numerous scientists and practitioners working together internationally. It rests on three enduring pillars: science, ethics, and experience. These pillars support the three fundamental principles that shape radiological protection strategies: justification, optimisation, and application of dose limits.

Parent/caregiver perspectives of meaningful improvement in functional domains for people with CDKL5 deficiency disorder: a mixed-methods study.

Purpose: CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a rare developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Greater understanding of the smallest meaningful improvements for individuals with CDD in clinical trials and practice is needed for a person-centred approach to treatment efficacy. This study explored how parent/caregivers of people with CDD understood meaningful improvements and described change for priority functional domains including communication, gross motor, fine motor, feeding.

A Systematic Literature Review of Preference Studies in Migraine Treatments.

Background: Migraine care is often suboptimal owing to undertreatment, variation in clinical outcomes and administration methods among existing treatments, and between- and within-individual heterogeneity in the clinical course of migraine. In response to these challenges, preference studies have been increasingly conducted to inform treatment decision-making and development. However, gaps remain in understanding how treatment preferences have been assessed across different migraine studies.

Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in Older Adults.

Purpose Of Review: This review examines cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction models relevant to older adults, a rapidly expanding population with elevated CVD risk. It discusses model characteristics, performance metrics, and clinical implications.

Recent Findings: Some models have been developed specifically for older adults, while several others consider a broader age range, including some older individuals.

The Development of Stakeholder-Driven and Theory-Informed Depression Care Decision Aid for Ethnoracially Diverse Communities in Primary Care.

Guided by the Ottawa Decision Support Framework, we created a depression care decision aid for Latinx and African American individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) at a network of Federally Qualified Health Centers. We surveyed 94 African American and Latinx individuals with MDD about their decision making needs. Focus groups elaborated on these preferences.

Bioavailability of Oral Ondansetron in Dogs: A Crossover Study.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of oral (PO) ondansetron compared to intravenous (IV) ondansetron in eight healthy client-owned dogs. Dogs were randomized to one of two protocols in a crossover design, receiving PO or IV ondansetron at a dose of 1 mg/kg on Day 0 and the opposite formulation at an equal dose on Day 7. Plasma was collected at baseline and 1, 2, 4, and 8 h post administration.

AI-enhanced predictive modeling for treatment duration and personalized treatment planning of cleft lip and palate therapy.

Background: Alveolar molding plate treatment (AMPT) plays a critical role in preparing neonates with cleft lip and palate (CLP) for the first reconstruction surgery (cleft lip repair). However, determining the number of adjustments to AMPT in near-normalizing cleft deformity prior to surgery is a challenging task, often affecting the treatment duration. This study explores the use of machine learning in predicting treatment duration based on three-dimensional (3D) assessments of the pre-treatment maxillary cleft deformity as part of individualized treatment planning.

An optimized C single-quantum CPMG relaxation dispersion experiment for investigating microsecond-to-millisecond timescale dynamics in large proteins.

Biomolecular dynamics in the microsecond-to-millisecond (µs-ms) timescale are linked to various biological functions, such as enzyme catalysis, allosteric regulation, and ligand recognition. In solution state NMR, Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) relaxation dispersion experiments are commonly used to probe µs-ms timescale motions, providing detailed kinetic, thermodynamic, and mechanistic information at the atomic level. For investigating conformational dynamics in high-molecular-weight biomolecules, methyl groups serve as ideal probes due to their favorable relaxation properties, and C CPMG relaxation dispersion is widely employed for characterizing dynamics in selectively CH-labeled samples.

Representing subpopulations with latent profile analysis: a non-technical introduction using exercisers' goal orientation adoption profiles.

Latent profile analysis (LPA) is in the finite mixture model analysis family and identifies subgroups by participants' responses to continuous variables (i.e., indicators); participants' probable membership in each subgroup is based on the similarity between the subgroup's prototypical responses and the person's unique responses.

Methods for analyzing longitudinal data from randomized pretest-posttest-follow-up trials in behavioral research: a practical guide to latent change models.

Randomized pretest, posttest, follow-up (RPPF) designs are widely used in longitudinal behavioral intervention research to evaluate the efficacy of treatments over time. These designs typically involve random assignment of participants to treatment and control conditions, with assessments conducted at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and during the follow-up period. Researchers primarily focus on determining whether the intervention is more effective than the control condition at post-treatment and whether these effects are sustained or change over time.

Healthcare discrimination, healthcare avoidance, and self-rated health in a sample of American Indians with type 2 diabetes.

Indigenous Peoples experience the highest age-adjusted prevalence of type 2 diabetes of any racial group in the U.S. Though the management of type 2 diabetes requires regular healthcare visits, North American Indigenous individuals with diabetes do not always utilize the healthcare available to them, and this lack of utilization may lead to poor health outcomes over time.

Determining the power of a 1-sided z-test given only the power of the corresponding 2-sided test.

Estimating statistical power is essential for designing behavioral medicine studies efficiently and conserving finite resources. Sometimes behavioral medicine researchers are interested in calculating power for 1-sided z-tests of individual parameters (e.g.

Advancements and Innovations in Low-Temperature Hydrogen Electrochemical Conversion Devices Driven by 3D Printing Technology.

3D printing, as a versatile additive manufacturing technique, offers high design flexibility, rapid prototyping, minimal material waste, and the capability to fabricate complex, customized geometries. These attributes make it particularly well-suited for low-temperature hydrogen electrochemical conversion devices-specifically, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells, anion exchange membrane electrolyzer cells, and alkaline electrolyzers-which demand finely structured components such as catalyst layers, gas diffusion layers, electrodes, porous transport layers, and bipolar plates. This review provides a focused and critical summary of the current progress in applying 3D printing technologies to these key components.