Clinical Outcomes and Predictive Factors for Penetrating Keratoplasty Following Glue Application for Corneal Perforation and Thinning.

Purpose: To describe the clinical outcomes and identify predictive factors associated with the need for penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) following cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (CTA) application for corneal perforation or thinning.

Design: Retrospective clinical cohort study.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 189 eyes treated with CTA for corneal thinning or perforation between January 2006 and August 2024 at a tertiary care center.

Harnessing Natural Products to Surmount Drug Resistance in Gastric Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.

Gastric cancer remains a major cause of mortality. The current standard of care of gastric cancer is based upon combination chemotherapy comprising platinum, fluoropyrimidines drugs and docetaxel. However, the efficacy of chemotherapy is hindered by intrinsic and acquired drug resistance, resulting in poor patient prognosis.

Sensitizations to aeroallergens in Israel: Prevalences and profiles.

Background: Most of the literature on aeroallergen sensitization have been generated in North America and Western Europe.

Objectives: To determine aeroallergen sensitization prevalences and patterns among patients with physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis (AR) in Israel.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study of sensitization to 20 aeroallergen extracts in skin prick tests (SPTs) among consecutive pediatric and adult patients with AR attending the allergy clinic at Emek Medical Center (Afula, Israel) and an affiliated regional outpatient clinic (Nazareth, Israel) from 2021 to 2023.

Effects of bound-wave asymmetry on North Sea rogue waves.

Since the 1990s, modulational instability has been proposed as an alternative to the constructive interference of waves to explain the occurrence of rogue waves in the open ocean. This study questions the relevance of this instability for real rogue waves by analyzing a novel dataset of high-frequency laser altimeter wave measurements collected over an 18-year period ([Formula: see text]) at the offshore Ekofisk platform in the central North Sea. A composite statistics of the ensemble of 27505 half-hourly sea states, accounting for data heterogeneity, show that third-order modulational instabilities do not significantly impact large waves; instead, second-order bound nonlinearities, shaping waves with asymmetric sharper crests and shallower troughs, are the primary factor that enhances the linear dispersive focusing, or constructive interference, of extreme waves.

Prokaryotic mechanosensitive channels mediate copper influx.

Copper is an essential micronutrient in all kingdoms of life, requiring a meticulous balance between acquisition and toxic overload. While copper import in eukaryotes has been investigated extensively, few prokaryotic copper importers have been identified, leading to the notion that cytoplasmic copper uptake is unnecessary in prokaryotes. Here we report that mechanosensitive channels are key players in prokaryotic copper import.

A case of a young patient with progressive vision loss: An atypical presentation of the rare Wolfram Syndrome in a Middle Eastern individual.

Purpose: To describe an atypical presentation of a rare disease in a young middle eastern woman with a relatively adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus, bilateral optic atrophy and progressive decreased vision diagnosed as the Wolfram disease.

Observation: A 38-year-old female patient presented with progressive bilateral loss of vision and dyschromatopsia during a 4-year follow-up. On examination at the neuro-ophthalmology clinic the visual acuity was 20/100 in the right eye and 20/80 in the left eye.

Walking versus running and GFR trajectory in healthy young adults.

Background: The effect of physical activity on the primary prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear. We assessed walking and running as exercise behaviors and their associations with individual-level risk for kidney function decline.

Methods: We conducted a historical cohort study in which we followed 20,976 young adults.

Sputum metagenomics in bronchiectasis reveals pan-European variation: an EMBARC-BRIDGE study.

Background: The European Multicentre Bronchiectasis Audit and Research Collaboration (EMBARC) registry shows considerable variation in culturable microbes in sputum between different European countries. The additive role of next-generation metagenomic sequencing remains unexplored and the association with antimicrobial resistomes unknown.

Methods: We used next-generation shotgun metagenomic sequencing to prospectively assess sputum from 349 individuals recruited into the EMBARC Bronchiectasis Research Involving Databases, Genomics and Endotyping (BRIDGE) study from three European regions: Northern and Western Europe, Southern Europe and the UK.

Incidence of bacteremia following Endo-Bronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) Guided Trans-Bronchial Needle Aspiration (TBNA) - A prospective study.

Background And Objective: The risk of bacteremia following bronchoscopy procedures is well studied but limited data exists on bacteremia following Endo-Bronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) Guided Trans-Bronchial Needle Aspiration (TBNA). This prospective study aimed to assess bacteremia incidence following EBUS-TBNA, compare the findings to other studies made for various bronchoscopy procedures and evaluate the necessity of antibiotic prophylaxis.

Methods: We prospectively collected blood cultures pre- and post-procedure from 100 patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA in a single large center.

Impact of Apolipoprotein A-I Infusions on Cardiovascular Events Post-MI by Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and LDL-Cholesterol Levels.

Background: The AEGIS-II (ApoA-I Event Reducing in Ischemic Syndromes-II; NCT03473223) trial evaluated CSL112, a human plasma-derived apolipoprotein A-I therapy, for reducing cardiovascular events after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Given CSL112's potential anti-inflammatory properties, we conducted an exploratory post hoc analysis to determine if its efficacy is influenced by baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a marker of systemic inflammation, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of baseline NLR and cardiovascular events and explore whether NLR and LDL-C modify CSL112's efficacy in post-AMI patients.

The Escherichia coli AZY operon links copper uptake to antibiotic resistance.

Copper import to the bacterial cytoplasm has been underinvestigated as bacterial cuproenzymes are extracytoplasmic. However, copper must access the cytoplasm to interact with metal-dependent transcription factors. In particular, the multiple drug antibiotic resistance (mar) operon is induced by a copper signal, the source of which has not been established.

Risk of Age-related and Disease-related Complications and Mortality in Elderly-onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease - A Population-based Study.

Background & Aims: In this nationwide cohort from Israel (Epi-IIRN), we aimed to characterize risks for age-related complications, mortality, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related surgeries in patients with elderly-onset IBD (EO-IBD).

Methods: Data of patients with EO-IBD (≥65 years) diagnosed during 2005 to 2020 were retrieved from the epi-IIRN database. Patients with EO-IBD were compared with 3 age-, sex-, and district-matched non-IBD individuals, for age-related outcomes.

Comparative Outcomes of Single Versus Multiple Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive Applications in the Management of Corneal Thinning and Perforation.

Purpose: To compare outcomes between patients treated with a single cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (CTA) patch for corneal thinning or perforation and those requiring multiple CTA applications.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, comparative cohort study of patients with corneal thinning or perforation treated with either a single or multiple CTA applications in Toronto, Canada, between 2006 and 2024. Primary outcomes were the need for penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at final follow-up.

Screening Mammography for Young Women in Israel: Between Guidelines and Common Practice.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer screening via mammography for women younger than 50 y sparks controversy due to balancing benefits and risks. In Israel, specific criteria govern early screening initiation, yet global studies reveal low adherence to guidelines for this demographic. This study aims to report on young women's referrals for screening mammography in Israel, assess adherence to guidelines, and identify factors influencing guideline adherence.

Best Practices for Imaging of Transcatheter Valve Failure: An Update From the Heart Valve Collaboratory.

This updated Heart Valve Collaboratory framework addresses the growing concern for transcatheter valve failure (TVF) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). With the increasing volume of redo-TAV and surgical TAV explantation, there is a critical need for standardized pathways and protocols for evaluating TVF using echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography (CT) angiography. This document clarifies prior definitions of bioprosthetic valve deterioration and bioprosthetic valve failure in a practical, imaging directed context for TAVR.

Insights from the European Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease PAtient Disease Experience (ENPADE) survey- exploring disease burden and impact.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) poses substantial diagnostic and management challenges, particularly among individuals with pre-existing lung conditions and/ or immunodeficiencies. NTM-PD can severely impair lung function and quality of life, potentially leading to both increased healthcare costs and mortality. There is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the disease burden and healthcare gaps from the patients' perspective.

Alterations in Implantation Genes and Dendritic Cells in Endometrial Samples After Antibiotic Treatment.

This retrospective study assessed the impact of chronic endometritis (CE) on the expression of implantation genes (Homeobox A10) and (insulin-like growth factor 1), and on dendritic cells before and after antibiotic treatment, as well as on clinical reproductive outcomes. The study was conducted from 2021 to 2022. Ten assisted reproductive technology patients who underwent an endometrial biopsy before antibiotic treatment, confirming the diagnosis of CE, and a second biopsy after completing a course of 100 mg doxycycline twice daily for 14 days were included.

Development of a Reference Standard to Assign Bacterial Versus Viral Infection Etiology Using an All-inclusive Methodology for Comparison of Novel Diagnostic Tool Performance.

Background: Diagnostic test evaluation requires a reference standard. We describe an approach for creating a reference standard for acute infection using unrestricted adjudication and apply it to compare biomarker tools.

Methods: Adults and children with suspected acute infection enrolled in three prospective studies at emergency departments and urgent cares were included.

MS-TCRNet: Multi-Stage Temporal Convolutional Recurrent Networks for Action Segmentation Using Sensor-Augmented Kinematics.

Action segmentation is a challenging task in high-level process analysis, typically performed on video or kinematic data obtained from various sensors. This work presents two contributions related to action segmentation on kinematic data. Firstly, we introduce two versions of Multi-Stage Temporal Convolutional Recurrent Networks (MS-TCRNet), specifically designed for kinematic data.

Clinical Efficacy of Serum Antiglycopeptidolipid Core IgA Antibody Test for Screening Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease in Bronchiectasis: A European Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: The serum antiglycopeptidolipid core IgA antibody test has been proposed as a diagnostic tool for Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary diseases. Cross-reactivity with other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including Mycobacterium abscessus, indicates that it may have a role as a broader screening test for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). NTM-PD is believed to be underdiagnosed in patients with bronchiectasis.

Patient-managed interventions for adults with bronchiectasis: evidence, challenges and prospects.

Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition which is characterised by recurrent chest infections, chronic sputum production and cough, and limited exercise tolerance. While bronchiectasis may be caused by various aetiologies, these features are shared by most patients with bronchiectasis regardless of the cause. This review consolidates the existing evidence on patient-managed interventions for adults with bronchiectasis, while also outlining areas for future research.