Evaluation of speech perception deficit compensation in patients with hearing loss.

Objective: To evaluate speech perception deficit compensation and predict potential hearing aids (HA) effectiveness in patients with hearing loss (HL).

Design: The patients underwent pure-tone audiometry and various speech tests in quiet (evaluating the peripheral auditory system and cognitive compensation) and in noise (to quantify central compensation through auditory processing and cognitive abilities).

Study Sample: 513 HL patients aged 19-93 years, including 403 HA users.

Combining greedy and evolutionary algorithms to maximize influence in networks under deterministic linear threshold model.

In the paper we consider the well-known Influence Maximization (IM) and Target Set Selection (TSS) problems for Boolean networks under Deterministic Linear Threshold Model (DLTM). The main novelty of our paper is that we state these problems in the context of pseudo-Boolean optimization and solve them using evolutionary algorithms in combination with the known greedy heuristic. We also propose a new variant of (1 + 1)-Evolutionary Algorithm, which is designed to optimize a fitness function on the subset of the Boolean hypercube comprised of vectors of a fixed Hamming weight.

The second stability region of quadrupole mass filter with square wave shape power supply.

The ion-optical properties of the second stability region () formed by the square wave shape potential with a duty cycle of 50% are studied as applied to the operation of a linear ion trap. The stability diagram is presented in detail, the stability parameters and , which determine the spectrum of ion oscillations, are calculated; the pseudopotential well-depth for this zone is given. The LIT acceptances for sinusoidal and rectangular wave forms are shown for comparison.

Effectiveness and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 U/ml in High-Risk Subgroups (Renal Impairment and Older Age ≥ 70 years) of Insulin-Naïve People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post hoc Analysis of Real-World ATOS Study.

Introduction: This post hoc analysis of an A Toujeo Observational Study (ATOS) aims to evaluate the real-world effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla-300) in high-risk subgroups of insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes (PwT2D) from multiple geographical regions (Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Latin America, and Eastern Europe).

Methods: In these post hoc analyses of ATOS, a real-world, 12-month, prospective study included 4422 insulin-naïve adults (age ≥ 18 years) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) uncontrolled (HbA > 7% and ≤ 11%) on one or more oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) who initiated Gla-300 treatment as per routine practice. Primary and secondary endpoints were studied according to renal impairment (RI) status (without or with) and age group ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

[Current approaches to improving the effectiveness of multifocal and extended depth of focus intraocular lenses].

Phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation has become the standard method for cataract extraction regardless of its etiology. In modern phaco surgery, implantation of multifocal IOLs is considered the most advanced method for correcting aphakia following lens extraction. The wide range of available multifocal IOLs is promoting the ongoing discussion regarding the advantages of each type, as well as potential strategies for optimizing surgical outcomes.

[Electrophysiological methods in the diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma].

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is characterized by chronic progressive damage to the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) and their axons, leading to gradual visual function loss. Currently, the gold standards for structural and functional assessment of the retina in glaucoma are static automated perimetry (SAP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). However, in clinical practice, data from SAP and OCT may be insufficient to reliably determine the stage of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, monitor its progression, or differentiate it from other causes of visual dysfunction.

[Autologous oral mucosal epithelial transplantation in the treatment of bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency].

This review analyzes Russian and international literature on the treatment of bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), focusing on the use of Simple Oral Mucosal Epithelial Transplantation (SOMET) as a surgical method for restoring the ocular surface. Contemporary sources report 64 cases of SOMET used in the treatment of bilateral LSCD: 35 cases of chemical burns, 16 of thermal burns, 7 cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, 1 keratitis, 1 cicatricial pemphigoid, 1 dermoid, 1 case of drug-induced LSCD (mitomycin C), etc. Notably, all transplantations resulted in complete epithelialization, and in 3 cases, penetrating keratoplasty was subsequently performed with favorable functional and anatomical outcomes.

[Biomarkers in tear fluid in uveitis].

The etiology of uveitis, choroid inflammation, is diverse, the disease is often recurrent, difficult to treat, and frequently results in disability at a young age. Studies investigating the tear fluid composition in uveitis have revealed promising biomarkers relevant for prognosis and treatment optimization. This review presents literature data on changes in the tear fluid content of proteins involved in local immune responses, intercellular interactions, proteolytic and free radical processes, nitric oxide metabolism, and other metabolic pathways in different forms of uveitis.

[Anatomical and functional outcomes of full-thickness macular hole treatment using the optimized method of autologous retinal transplantation (preliminary report)].

The introduction of autologous neurosensory retinal transplantation (ANRT) into vitreoretinal surgery has significantly improved the success rates of closure of refractory full-thickness macular holes (FTMH). In recent years, the technique has gained wide acceptance and its indications have expanded; however, certain aspects remain debatable - particularly the optimal graft size to ensure the best anatomical and functional outcomes. To address this issue, the study proposes a surgical technique for treating FTMH using ANRT that involves precise marking of the neurosensory retinal graft.

[Femtosecond laser-assisted intrastromal keratoplasty with biosynthetic complex implantation for keratoconus (preliminary report)].

Modern surgical strategies for keratoconus aim to both stabilize disease progression and correct induced refractive errors. Effectively and simultaneously achieving both goals remains a relevant challenge. This study presents a clinical case of femtosecond laser-assisted intrastromal keratoplasty with implantation of a biosynthetic complex, demonstrating the efficacy of this surgical approach in treating keratoconus.

[Use of ozone therapy in the treatment of complications following penetrating keratoplasty for rosacea-associated keratitis].

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis, one manifestation of which involves pathological processes in various ocular structures. The most severe form is rosacea-associated keratitis. Given the multifactorial etiology and pathogenesis, this condition remains unpredictable and resistant to treatment.

[Nanosecond retinal laser therapy: three years of practical experience].

Objective: This study evaluated the outcomes of a 36-month follow-up after treatment with the ELLEX 2RT nanosecond laser.

Material And Methods: The study included 72 patients divided into two groups. Group 1 received 2RT nanosecond laser therapy, while group 2 did not undergo laser treatment.

[The possibilities of antioxidant neuroretinoprotection in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma].

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of sequential therapy with different dosages of Mexidol on the stabilization of glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Material And Methods: The study included 80 patients (160 eyes) with stage II and III POAG, randomized into three groups comparable by age, gender, and distribution of glaucoma stage. All patients received sequential therapy with Mexidol (14 days parenterally followed by 90 days orally).

[Indicators of computer accommodography as predictors of the development of myopic refraction].

Unlabelled: The diagnostic potential of computer accommodography remains insufficiently studied. At the same time, accommodative and refractive disorders are extremely common today among the youth.

Objective: This study investigated objective accommodative parameters using computer accommodography in samples of individuals aged 17-19 and 20-23 years with and without a diagnosis of myopia.

[Diffuse lamellar keratitis: sporadic and cluster forms].

Unlabelled: Diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) is a known complication of lamellar corneal surgery. The underlying mechanism of the cellular response in DLK is well described. There are two clinical forms - sporadic and cluster - each largely influenced by surgical triggers.

[Outcomes of modified lateral orbital wall decompression using ultrasonic bone removal].

Objective: This study presents a comparative analysis of outcomes of lateral orbital wall decompression performed using ultrasonic bone removal with standard and modified techniques.

Material And Methods: The study included 78 patients (109 orbits) with exophthalmos without visual impairment (subgroups 1A and 1B) and with optic neuropathy (ON) due to thyroid eye disease (TED) (subgroups 2A and 2B). Lateral wall decompression (LWD) was performed using ultrasonic bone removal with a modified (=58, patient subgroups 1A and 2A) or standard (=51, subgroups 1B and 2B) technique.

[Algorithm for predicting treatment outcomes in vascular pigment epithelial detachment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration].

Unlabelled: Automated analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers improves the prediction of results of loading anti-VEGF therapy of vascular pigment epithelial detachment (PED) associated with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of OCT biomarker analysis algorithm in predicting the anatomical outcomes of loading anti-VEGF therapy for vascular PED in nAMD.

Material And Methods: OCT scans performed prior to loading anti-VEGF therapy were analyzed using the algorithm in 69 treatment-naïve nAMD patients (70 eyes) with vascular PED exceeding 200 µm in height.

[Features of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulation profile in children with newly diagnosed untreated retinoblastoma].

Unlabelled: Retinoblastoma is a malignant retinal tumor characterized by an aggressive clinical course, with frequent recurrences and the emergence of new foci even during chemotherapy.

Objective: This study investigated the subpopulation composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes in children with newly diagnosed untreated retinoblastoma.

Material And Methods: A total of 24 children (48 eyes) were examined between December 20, 2023, and September 1, 2024; retinoblastoma was diagnosed in 28 eyes.

Unpacking the Mystery of the Ontario Healthcare System in Canada: Ukrainian Temporary Migrants and Healthcare System Navigation.

BackgroundIn response to the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Government of Canada welcomed thousands of temporary migrants under the Canada-Ukraine Authorization for Emergency Travel (CUAET) program. Ukrainian temporary migrants who are settled in Ontario experience acute, chronic, and complex health issues, creating additional demand upon the healthcare system. Despite a collective awareness of difficulty in accessing existing healthcare resources, little is known about how Ukrainian temporary migrants experience and utilise the Ontario healthcare system.

Quasi-soliton solution to the model of two-color optical waves in PT-symmetry structures.

Soliton propagation of laser radiation in various nonlinear media is of great importance because of its numerous applications. Active periodic structures with parity-time symmetry provide the possibility for the solitons generation due to the balance of energy gain and loss. In the present paper, we derive an approximate analytical soliton solution to a model of two-color laser radiation propagation in an active periodic structure.

Collective fluctuations in the finite-size Kuramoto model below the critical coupling: Shot-noise approach.

The Kuramoto model, a paradigmatic framework for studying synchronization, exhibits a transition to collective oscillations only above a critical coupling strength in the thermodynamic limit. However, real-world systems are finite, and their dynamics can deviate significantly from mean-field predictions. Here, we investigate finite-size effects in the Kuramoto model below the critical coupling, where the theory in the thermodynamic limit predicts complete asynchrony.

Nanoplastics Alter Lateral and Transverse Distributions of Cholesterol in Model Cell Membranes.

Microplastics, tiny fragments resulting from the degradation of plastic waste, are abundant in water, air, and soil and are currently recognized as a global environmental problem. There is also growing evidence that nanosized microplastics (nanoplastics) can be hazardous to living species. Unlike most experimental methods, computer modeling is particularly well suited to studying the effects of such nanoplastics.

Complete genome sequence of AX7B, an abscisic acid-metabolizing strain.

We report the genome sequence of strain AX7B, isolated from the pea rhizosphere and capable of utilizing abscisic acid as a sole carbon source. The complete genome consists of a 6.62 Mb chromosome and a 0.

Transcriptomic data sets for serovar Typhimurium 14028S that survived ingestion by , hydrogen peroxide treatment, or starvation.

is a pathogenic bacterium that can survive in hostile environments and inside heterotrophic protozoan cells. Here, we present transcriptomic data for grown in a rich medium, cultured under starvation conditions, treated with hydrogen peroxide, and extracted from cells after 8 and 15 h of infection.

Long-term Outcomes And Survival Predictors In Patients With Ectopic ACTH Syndrome: Data From A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS) is caused by non-pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (NET) which produces adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

Objective: To identify survival predictors and to analyze long-term outcomes in patients with EAS.

Methods: Medical records of patients with verified EAS between 1990 and 2024 were analyzed to obtain the initial clinical and biochemical data along with subsequent interventions and survival outcomes.