Nanotechnology-driven strategies for tilapia vaccines: Comparative evaluation of nanoemulsions and silica nanoparticles against .

Streptococcosis, caused by , is a significant disease in tilapia farming that results in substantial economic losses. While vaccination is the most effective method for prevention, current vaccines face challenges when administered orally or through immersion, primarily due to poor absorption and degradation in the fish's digestive system. Nanotechnology offers new ways to improve vaccine delivery and effectiveness.

Evaluation of oocyst detection and PCR identification of chicken Eimeria species using intestinal contents of the rectum and cecum as different gastrointestinal tracts.

In the present study, intestinal specimens were collected from layer chickens at a poultry slaughterhouse and used to evaluate infection with Eimeria species. Intestinal contents were extracted separately from the rectum (from the duodenum to rectum) and cecum and used for analyses. Using flotation detection methods, the number of eimerian oocysts per gram was higher in the cecum than rectum.

Potency of as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter in broiler chicken challenged with avian pathogenic .

Background And Aim: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria due to the widespread use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) necessitates the exploration of sustainable alternatives in poultry production. This study evaluated the efficacy of as a probiotic alternative to AGPs in broilers challenged with avian pathogenic (APEC), with a focus on growth performance, antioxidant status, lipid metabolism, and hematological profiles.

Materials And Methods: A total of 80 broiler chickens were randomly allocated into four groups: T0 (uninfected control), T1 (APEC-infected control), T2 (APEC + AGP, 0.

Uncovering the truth about cat-scratch disease.

Cat-scratch disease (CSD) is a systemic infection caused by the facultative, rod-shaped, nonmotile, Gram-negative, intracellular zoonotic bacillus . The bacteria responsible for CSD were not discovered until decades after the condition was first characterized in 1931. The prevalence of CSD is more common in warm, humid areas and is typically seasonal, peaking in the fall and winter.

Antibiotic resistance profiles of and . isolated from chicken meat sold in traditional markets in Gresik District, East Java, Indonesia.

Background: Antibiotic resistance in the poultry industry poses a global threat. The occurrence of resistance in humans can occur through foodstuffs of animal origin, one of which is chicken meat, which is sold in traditional markets. Traditional markets are synonymous with dirty environments and poor sanitation and hygiene.

The global burden of swine influenza and its mitigation.

Swine influenza, often known as swine flu, is a respiratory disease caused by type A influenza virus (IAV) called swine influenza virus (SIV). There are currently multiple subtypes of IAV in pigs, including H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2. While the other subtypes of IAV were only detected in pigs, the H1N1 strain was isolated from infected people.

Molecular detection of blaSHV gene in multidrug resistance of isolated from chicken egg shell swab from a traditional market in Surabaya.

Background: Contamination with food ingredients, including eggs, causes various dangers because it threatens public health, because it acts as a multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria, especially the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) strain. The ESBL SHV gene is part of a broad-spectrum ESBL that is often found in Gram-negative bacteria.

Aim: This study aimed to identify the ESBL SHV gene in MDR from chicken eggshells.

Behavior of female at the primate research center breeding facility.

Background: Behavioral studies are crucial for conservation because animals must exhibit natural behavior as a principle of animal welfare. To achieve this, the behaviors of animals in captivity must be compared with those of animals residing in their natural habitats to ensure that they live naturally.

Aim: This study aimed to describe the behaviors of female in captivity to facilitate comparisons with wild individuals.

Molecular detection and characterisation of herpesviruses in asymptomatic Russian sturgeon () from European aquaculture.

Introduction: In Germany, around 150,000 kg of mostly Siberian sturgeon (), were produced in 2021. Sudden mortalities affected negative control Russian sturgeon in experimental infection of several European aquacultured fish species with tilapia lake virus (TiLV). An investigation sought the causative agent.

The alarming spread of Japanese encephalitis: A growing public health concern.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a zoonotic infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes. JE is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a member of the genus. In 1871, the first JEV-related encephalitis outbreak was documented in Japan.

Kinematic and morphological evaluation of frozen Friesian Holstein semen stored for 33, 30, 27, and 24 years.

Background: Fertility is determined by sperm motility, kinematics, and morphology. Motility is the most commonly used metric worldwide, aside from movement score and semen concentration, and is one of the semen quality indicators included in the Indonesian national standard (SNI 4869.1-2017) for frozen semen quality.

Distribution of cephalosporin-resistant Campylobacter species isolated from meat sold in Abakaliki, Nigeria.

Background: Campylobacter species have been at the forefront of the field as etiologic agents of foodborne gastroenteritis. The importance of animal proteins, especially contaminated meat, in the transmission of Campylobacteriosis cannot be overstated. Antimicrobial resistance by Campylobacter species is imminent, which underscores the importance of this study.

Impact of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on renal histopathology, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and calcium oxalate crystals in rats () exposed to ethylene glycol.

Background: Nephrolithiasis is a kidney disorder caused by the formation of crystals through physiological and chemical processes in the body, with calcium oxalate being a major contributor. leaves are known for their antioxidant, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory properties and contain alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, saponins, phenolics, and tannins.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential of leaf extract (MLE) as a calcium oxalate crystal inhibitor, its effect on reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and histopathological changes in kidneys.

Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in local ducks at varying altitudes in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Background And Aim: Gastrointestinal parasites are a common health concern in poultry, particularly in free-range farming systems. Local ducks () in Indonesia are frequently exposed to various parasitic infections due to their extensive foraging behavior. Parasitic infections can reduce productivity, cause economic losses, and impact animal welfare.

Alkaloid fraction of Achyranthes aspera Linn triggers breast cancer apoptosis in mice () model.

Background: Breast cancer affects women of various ages, and its recurrence is a significant cause of death. The search for potent anticancer compounds of herbal origin with well-defined mechanisms of action is an essential focus of current research.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of alkaloids in Linn (AAL) leaf extract on necrosis, apoptosis, and related molecular markers, namely, cyclin-dependent kinase 1, Bcl-2 associated X-protein (Bax), rat sarcoma virus (Ras), cytochrome (Cyt) c, and apoptotic activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), in mice models.

Jembrana disease in Indonesia: An updated review.

Jembrana illness is an infectious disease that affects Balinese cattle in Indonesia. This disease is caused by the Jembrana disease virus (JDV), a lentivirus of the Retroviridae family. It was initially detected in 1964 in Jembrana Regency, Bali, Indonesia.

Dissemination and phenotypic characterization of ESBL-producing in Indonesia.

Background: The alarming rise in infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing in animals and humans poses a serious threat due to its escalating antibiotic resistance. Unveiling this problematic bacteria's prevalence and resistance patterns in animals is crucial for formulating effective control strategies and safeguarding public health.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of three main genes: CTX-M, SHV, and TEM, in ESBL-producing isolates from The Research Center for Veterinary Science and the National Research and Innovation Agency.

The hidden threat of cysticercosis: A neglected public health problem.

The parasitic infection known as cysticercosis is caused by the larvae of the (pork tapeworm). Cysticercosis is spread by food. Humans can serve as both definitive and intermediate hosts, whereas pigs serve as intermediate hosts.

Review of neosporosis: Disease insights and control approaches.

The protozoan parasite is a cause of infectious disease neosporosis. is a major parasite affecting dogs and livestock worldwide. Neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle, particularly in cattle raised in intensive agriculture.

Hemorrhagic septicemia: A major threat to livestock health.

Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) is an acute septicemic disease that primarily affects cattle and buffalo. This illness is caused by a specific serotype of Gram-negative coccobacillus, The frequency and distribution of HS epidemics involving various animal species vary according to the agroclimatic zone. HS has significant economic implications, particularly in Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa.

Lumpy skin disease: A growing threat to the global livestock industry.

Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is an infectious disease in cattle caused by the Lumpy Skin Disease Virus by the Poxviridae family. Historically, LSD was first documented in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) in 1929 as a symptom of bug bite poisoning or hypersensitivity, described as pseudo-urticaria. This disease, which causes widespread malaise and persistent weakness, is a serious, economically devastating, and reportable condition that lowers cattle output.

Effect of cinnamon oil () on the histological kidney of male diabetic rats ().

Background: Chronic systemic disease known as diabetes mellitus is defined by elevated blood glucose levels and problems with fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism. In Indonesia, the cinnamon species found include , which also has hypoglycemic activity. The primary antioxidant chemicals found in bark extract are polyphenols, which include tannins and flavonoids.

Potential of the livestock industry environment as a reservoir for spreading antimicrobial resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is a global issue requiring serious attention and management. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in livestock for growth promotion, disease prevention, and treatment has led to the dissemination of AMR bacteria and resistance genes into the environment. In addition, unethical antibiotic sales without prescriptions, poor sanitation, and improper disposal cause significant amounts of antibiotics used in livestock to enter the environment, causing the emergence of resistant bacteria.

Transboundary risk of African swine fever (ASF): Detection of ASF virus genotype II in pork products carried by international travelers to Indonesia.

Background And Aim: African swine fever (ASF), a devastating viral disease in swine caused by ASF virus (ASFV), has led to substantial economic losses, particularly in Asia since 2018. ASFV's resilience in diverse environments renders the movement of infected pork products a critical risk for disease transmission. This study aimed to identify ASFV contamination in pork products brought by international travelers to Indonesia, highlighting potential pathways for ASF introduction.

Strategic approaches to improve equine breeding and stud farm outcomes.

This review explores advanced strategies for enhancing fertility and optimizing reproductive outcomes in equine breeding programs. Horses, being seasonal breeders, present unique reproductive challenges influenced by environmental and physiological factors such as photoperiods, hormone cycles, and aging. Key approaches discussed include hormonal therapies, artificial light manipulation, and nutritional supplementation to improve ovulation and conception rates during the breeding season.