Anti-Bredt-Like Triterpenoids from Mycelial Cultures of the Edible Mushroom cf. .

Sixteen undescribed triterpene glycosides, oudecanarins A-P (-), were isolated from cultures of basidiomycete cf. TBRC-BCC 85371. Oudecanarins A-G (-) contain a bicyclo[4.

Discovery of diverse anellovirus sequences in Thai human sequencing data.

Unlabelled: Anelloviruses are part of the normal human viral flora. Although their diversity in humans has been investigated in many countries, and despite their initial detection in Thailand in 1999, knowledge of Thai anelloviruses remains very limited. This study analyzed 1,175 whole-genome sequencing data sets from Thai individuals to mine for potential anellovirus sequences.

QTL-seq identifies NAL1 and OsOFP19 as additive regulators of tiller number in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Background: Tiller number is a critical component of rice yield, as it directly influences overall productivity. While upland rice varieties are well adapted to lowland environments and prove resilient to fluctuating water availability, their typically low tillering capacity limits their performance in lowland ecosystems where conditions are more conducive to achieving higher yields.

Results: To facilitate the marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding of upland rice cultivars suitable for lowland conditions, we performed QTL-seq analysis using populations derived from a cross between a high-tillering lowland indica parent (PTT1) and a low-tillering upland tropical japonica line (NDCMP49).

Enhanced physical, mechanical and barrier properties of chitosan films tannic acid cross-linking.

Growing environmental concerns over the extensive use of petroleum-based polymer packaging have spurred interest in the development of bio-based alternatives. In this work, the incorporation of tannic acid as a cross-linker into chitosan at concentrations of 0-60 wt% was explored. The resulting cross-linking between chitosan chains induced by tannic acid through hydrogen and Schiff-base covalent bonding was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and gel content measurements.

Immunogenicity and safety of 'Comvigen', a bivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, in comparison to Comirnaty bivalent vaccine in Thailand: a phase 2, non-inferiority randomised trial.

Background: Strengthening mRNA vaccine development in LMICs is essential for enhancing global pandemic preparedness. This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of Comvigen, a bivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, in comparison to the Comirnaty bivalent vaccine (Comirnaty).

Methods: This phase II, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial was conducted in Thailand across four centres.

Reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow assay for detection of pathogenic orthoflaviviruses in mosquito vectors.

Background: The genus primarily consists of arthropod-borne viruses capable of infecting vertebrate hosts and causing serious human diseases such as dengue fever, Zika fever, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile fever, and yellow fever. This study describes the development of a simple and field-deployable detection system for multiple pathogenic orthoflavivirus species using the recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technique.

Methods: Several previously published broad-specific primers targeting the genus were evaluated.

Discovery of a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide from sp. Na14 with Potent Activity Against Gram-Negative Bacteria and Genomic Insights into Its Biosynthetic Pathway.

Background/objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) contributes to millions of deaths globally each year, creating an urgent need for new therapeutic agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their potential to combat AMR pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of an AMP from a soil-derived bacterial isolate against Gram-negative bacteria.

Proteomic analysis of differential responses to norflurazon herbicide in the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Norflurazon is a widely utilized pesticide in agriculture for weed management. The mechanism of action involves the inhibition of an initial step in carotenoid synthesis. This inhibition results in the instability of the photosynthetic machinery and subsequent cell bleaching.

Hairpin loop to hairpin loop: a full-length assembly of the ASFV genome using Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing.

Short-read assembly of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) genome is challenging due to the presence of inverted terminal repeat (ITR) and hairpin loop sequences, which often cause ambiguity in contig reconstruction. In this study, we employed Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing to assemble a full-length ASFV genome from passage 50 of an ASFV strain adapted to MA-104 cells. We identified duplicated reverse complementary reads from the ITR and hairpin loop regions, which, if not properly analyzed, could lead to an inaccurate assembly that falsely represents these complex regions.

Phosphoprotein Profile of Ameloblastoma.

Objective: Ameloblastoma (AM) is a well-known benign odontogenic tumor recognized for its aggressive nature, believed to originate from tooth-forming tissue or the dental follicle (DF). Phosphoproteins are crucial for cellular signaling, enabling intracellular communication and regulating various physiological processes. In cancer, phosphoproteins are fundamental to both pathogenesis and pathophysiology.

Genes and genetics belong to maize haploid induction.

Maize ( L.) is a globally significant cereal crop with diverse food, feed, and industry uses. The rapid development of homozygous inbred lines via double haploid (DH) technology has revolutionized maize breeding, reducing the time and cost required for cultivar improvement.

Drimane sesquiterpenoids from cultures of the basidiomycete .

In the quest for novel compounds with potent activities against human infectious diseases from fungi in Thailand, cultures of the basidiomycete strain TBRC-BCC 43793 were chemically investigated. A new drimane sesquiterpenoid, 1-hydroxypereniporin A (), together with a known drimane, 6-hydroxy-isodrimenin, was isolated using silica gel column chromatography and preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Its structure was elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic method.

Phosphoproteomic profiling of feline mammary carcinoma: Insights into tumor grading and potential therapeutic targets.

Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) is the most prevalent reproductive tumor in queens and is characterized by aggressive metastatic progression and short survival. Protein phosphorylation is a crucial process in cell regulation, with dysregulation linked to cancer progression, including human breast cancer. Although phosphoproteins have emerged as diagnostic and predictive markers in human breast cancer, knowledge remains limited on their role in FMC.

Role of cyclophilin A as an immunostimulator in responses to Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND infection in the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon.

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a highly conserved peptidyl-prolyl isomerase that plays a crucial role in protein folding, immune regulation, and cellular stress responses. In shrimp, CypA has been implicated in innate immunity, particularly in response to viral and bacterial infections. This study investigates the role of the Penaeus monodon cyclophilin A (PmCypA) in shrimp infected with V.

PlyCYU endolysin targeting exhibits a CHAP activity and a glucosaminidase domain mediating multimerization.

Bacteriophage endolysins are attractive alternatives to antibiotics owing to their rapid action, host specificity, and unlikeliness of resistance development. Here, bioinformatic analysis of prophage sequences identified an endolysin, named PlyCYU, containing two putative catalytic domains-an N-terminal amidase_5 and a C-terminal glucosaminidase (Lyz2) domain-with two CW_7 family cell wall binding motifs. PlyCYU exhibited bactericidal activity against , , and with a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) range of 1.

Effect of 8-Methyl Nonanoic Acid, a Degradation By-Product of Dihydrocapsaicin, on Energy and Glucose Homeostasis in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Purpose: Consumption of chili with capsaicinoids, such as dihydrocapsaicin (DHC), offers metabolic benefits to humans. However, their spiciness and rapid degradation prevent it from being used as a treatment for metabolic syndrome (MetS), including obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperglycemia. During the degradation process of capsaicinoids, DHC is metabolized to non-pungent 8-methyl nonanoic acid (8-MNA), a methylated medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA).

Pseudonocardia phyllosphaerae sp. nov., a Novel Actinomycete Isolated from Phylloplane of Rhizophora apiculata Blume.

A Gram-stain-positive actinomycete, designated strain 1LY6.1, was isolated from the phylloplane of a mangrove plant (Rhizophora apiculata Blume). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain was most closely related to Pseudonocardia nantongensis KLBMP 1282 (98.

Rational protein design to improve the thermal stability of a Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3A protein.

Vip3A proteins produced by the Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium exhibit insecticidal activity against various crop-damaging lepidopteran pests. However, their limited thermal stability and short shelf life render them unsuitable for use as biopesticides. In this study, we employed rational protein design to enhance the thermal stability of Vip3A64 while minimizing its negative impact on insecticidal activity.

Proteomic responses to acute sesamolin exposure in zebrafish embryos.

Sesamolin, a lignan with known pharmacological benefits, has been extensively studied for its neuroprotective, antioxidative, and anticancer properties. This study builds upon previous investigations into the acute toxicity of sesamolin, presenting a detailed examination of its effects on zebrafish embryonic development through a proteomic approach. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 25 and 50 μM concentrations of sesamolin for 72 h, resulting in significant developmental abnormalities, including yolk sac edema, spinal curvature, blood clots, and defects in erythropoiesis.

Production and functional characterization of a soluble recombinant molt-inhibiting hormone in the mud crab Scylla olivacea.

The molt-inhibiting hormone gene of the mud crab Scylla olivacea (ScoMIH) was successfully cloned and characterized, encoding a 113-amino-acid precursor with a 78-amino-acid mature peptide. Similar to other Brachyuran crabs, ScoMIH is exclusively expressed in the eyestalk ganglia (ES) with slightly higher expression levels during the intermolt stage. To produce a biologically active recombinant ScoMIH, a fusion construct incorporating thioredoxin (Trx) and a His₆ tag was designed, yielding a soluble 27 kDa protein.

Investigation of Bacterial Species and Their Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Profile in Feline Urinary Tract Infection in Thailand.

Feline urinary tract infections (UTIs) present a common challenge in veterinary practice, underscoring the importance of understanding local bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study determined bacterial prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility in cats at Kasetsart University's Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Of the 543 cystocentesis urine samples collected from 428 cats, 115 (21.

Dengue virus susceptibility in Aedes aegypti linked to natural cytochrome P450 promoter variants.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector for dengue virus (DENV), which infects millions of people annually. Variability in DENV susceptibility among wild Ae. aegypti populations is governed by genetic factors, but specific causal variants are unknown.

Hypovirulence induced by mycovirus colletotrichum gloeosporioides RNA virus 1 strain Ssa-44.1 in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides: Insights from a multi-omics analysis of host-virus interactions.

Mycovirus infections significantly impact fungal virulence and physiology, inducing either hypovirulence or hypervirulence. This study investigated the hypovirulent effects of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides RNA virus 1 (CgRV1-Ssa-44.1) infection on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides using multi-omics approaches.

Discovery of Streptomyces marinisediminis sp. nov., a new thiolutin producing actinomycete isolated from Thai marine sediment.

Thiolutin and 2,2-dioxidothiolutin are sulfur-containing antibiotics discovered through a targeted high-throughput screening strategy designed to identify compounds with antimicrobial activity. The producing strain, JHD1, is an actinomycete isolated from marine sediment collected in Chonburi Province, Thailand. Chemotaxonomic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain JHD1 belongs to the genus Streptomyces.

Immune responses to a heterologous booster with mRNA based COVID-19 vaccine after priming with an inactivated Newcastle disease virus recombinant vaccine expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (NDV-HXP-S).

Unlabelled: Continuous boosting with the original vaccines based on the Ancestral (Wuhan hu-1) strain to maintain immunity has not been sufficient to detain the emergence and rapid dissemination of viral variants. This study was to evaluate the immune responses and safety of a heterologous boost with bivalent Original/Omicron BA.4-5 vaccine mRNA vaccine given after at least 12 months to those who had been primed with NDV-HXP-S COVID -19 vaccine (an inactivated recombinant Newcastle disease virus vaccine).