Innovative Strategies for Hip Synovial Chondromatosis and Its Medico-Legal Implications.

Primary synovial chondromatosis of the hip is a rare pathology characterized by metaplastic changes in the synovium, leading to the formation of cartilage nodules and, eventually, free intra-articular bodies. Early manifestations, such as pain, stiffness, and limited mobility, require timely differential diagnostic process through imaging techniques, with magnetic resonance imaging being the gold standard diagnostic method, complemented by histopathological analysis. Considering the rarity of the condition, the diagnostic suspicion is linked to the expertise of the professional and the referral to specialized centers/professionals.

Dissecting the tRNA Fragment tRF3E-Nucleolin Interaction: Implications in Breast Cancer.

Nucleolin (NCL), an RNA-binding protein which regulates critical cellular processes, is frequently dysregulated in human cancers, including breast cancer, making it an attractive therapeutic target. However, molecular details of the RNA-NCL interaction have not been investigated yet. A tRNA fragment named tRF3E, displaying tumor suppressor roles in breast cancer, was found to bind NCL with high affinity displacing NCL-controlled transcripts.

Molecular Alterations in Semen of Per-And Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposed Subjects: Association Between DNA Integrity, Antioxidant Capacity and Lipoperoxides.

In the last decades, there has been huge interest in Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) worldwide because of the toxic effects on humans. In 2013, a large-scale contamination of PFASs in the Veneto region was caused by a fluorochemical plant in Vicenza. About 130,000 inhabitants were exposed to PFAS in their drinking water.

Systemic Sclerosis: A Key Model of Endothelial Dysfunction.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by vascular alterations, immune dysregulation, and fibrosis. Solid evidence supports the hypothesis that endothelial dysfunction is the key player in SSc vascular injury and a critical factor concurring to the initiation of SSc pathogenesis. This narrative review reports on persistent endothelial dysfunction, resulting from oxidative stress, autoimmunity, and impaired vascular repair, in the course of SSc, and how it can trigger and sustain fibrotic remodeling of various organs.

Morphometric, Biomechanical and Macromolecular Performances of β-TCP Macro/Micro-Porous Lattice Scaffolds Fabricated via Lithography-Based Ceramic Manufacturing for Jawbone Engineering.

Effective bone tissue regeneration remains pivotal in implant dentistry, particularly for edentulous patients with compromised alveolar bone due to atrophy and sinus pneumatization. Biomaterials are essential for promoting regenerative processes by supporting cellular recruitment, vascularization, and osteogenesis. This study presents the development and characterization of a novel lithography-printed ceramic β-TCP scaffold, with a macro/micro-porous lattice, engineered to optimize osteoconduction and mechanical stability.

Redefining drug-resistant epilepsy: Insights from an Italian Delphi consensus study.

Objective: Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) affects approximately one-third of people with epilepsy (PwE) despite advancements in anti-seizure medications and presents significant challenges in epilepsy care. This Delphi consensus study aimed to examine key aspects of DRE, including its definition, predictors, and therapeutic strategies.

Methods: A steering committee consisting of clinicians and researchers with expertise in epilepsy was responsible for formulating the statements.

Small-angle scattering characterization of magnetosomes from Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1.

Magnetosomes are biogenic nanomaterials synthesized by magnetotactic bacteria, with promising applications in drug delivery and environmental remediation. This study offers a thorough characterization of magnetosomes isolated from Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1, cultivated under various conditions. Laboratory techniques, including dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to analyze the chemical and physical properties of the samples and to verify their crystal structure.

Major arrhythmias in non-dilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy: a novel prediction score.

Background And Aims: The prediction of the first major arrhythmic event (MAE) is still an unmet need in the recently defined scenario of non-dilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy (NDLVC).

Methods: A cohort of 337 patients with NDLVC and no history of MAE was retrospectively identified at two large centres. Patient-tailored diagnostic workup included cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), endomyocardial biopsy, and genetic testing.

Affective information modulates slow-wave- and arousal-like responses during NREM sleep.

Sleep is characterized by relative disconnection from the external environment and prompt reversibility in response to salient stimuli. During non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, reactive electroencephalographic (EEG) slow waves (K-complexes, KC) are thought to both suppress the processing of external stimuli and open 'sentinel' windows during which further relevant inputs may be tracked. However, the extent to which a stimulus's relevance modulates the KC-related response remains unclear.

Enlarged therapeutic window for ischemic stroke in a real life regional experience: is it always a valid approach?

Background: International trials suggested the efficacy of therapeutic window enlarged for mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Real-life studies seem to confirm this opportunity. We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic window enlargement impact in an about 1.

Chlorthalidone In Vitro Metabolite Identification for Documenting Exposure in Doping.

Diuretics are commonly used in doping because they can conceal the presence of performance-enhancing substances in an athlete's urine through dilution and promote rapid weight loss. As a result, these substances are prohibited in sports by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) under the S5 category ("Diuretics and Masking Agents"). Chlorthalidone, a thiazide-like diuretic, is medically used as an antihypertensive agent and is prescribed for conditions such as heart failure and liver cirrhosis.

Diagnostic Criteria and Disease Staging for Desmoplakin Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Desmoplakin (DSP) cardiomyopathy, caused by variants in the gene , is a unique subtype of cardiomyopathy distinct from typical dilated or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathies. Specific diagnostic and disease staging criteria have yet to be developed for DSP cardiomyopathy.

Objective: Utilizing a large cohort of DSP cardiomyopathy patients and their genotype-positive family members, this study aims to develop diagnostic and disease staging criteria for DSP cardiomyopathy.

Real-world outcomes following dual antiplatelet therapy in mild-to-moderate ischemic stroke with anterior versus posterior circulation infarct: a READAPT study propensity matched analysis.

Background: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is a cornerstone of secondary prevention in patients with minor ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack. The effectiveness and safety of DAPT may differ between patients with posterior (PCI) and anterior circulation infarct (ACI).

Objectives: We aimed to compare short-term outcomes following DAPT between mild-to-moderate stroke patients with PCI versus ACI.

Human diagnostic markers for intake of semi-synthetic cannabinoids (9R)- and (9S)-hexahydrocannabinol.

Background: Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) emerged on the illicit drug market in 2022, especially in cannabinoid consumables. HHC has a chiral center and is present as 9(R) and 9(S) epimers, exhibiting different potencies. This study explores the enantioselective metabolism of 9(R)- and 9(S)-HHC to identify and differentiate intake of these two toxicants.

Modified osteodesis procedure using the mini TightRope system for the correction of hallux valgus with full weight-bearing protocol: our experience with an historical report.

Background: Hallux valgus is a common pathology in the orthopedic daily practice. More than 100 techniques of surgical correction are currently described in the literature, mostly focused on osteotomies. Procedures based on soft tissues balancing are actually less described.

Comparison of rivaroxaban with warfarin for intracardiac thrombosis in the pediatric population at different cardiac sites: Early experience of anticoagulation approach and treatment outcomes.

Aims: To compare the rivaroxaban treatment with warfarin for intracardiac thrombi resolution in pediatric patients diagnosed with intracardiac thrombosis (ICT).

Methods: In 2020-24, we enrolled 18 [0.7 (0.

Termination of atrial arrhythmia and restoration of sinus rhythm during pulsed field ablation with a pentaspline catheter in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.

Advanced TecHnologies For SuccEssful AblatioN of AF in Clinical Practice (ATHENA). URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/Identifier: NCT05617456.

A gold nanoparticle-enhanced methylene blue electrochemical sensor for detecting waterborne anionic surfactants and PFAS.

Anionic surfactants (ASs) represent a class of contaminants persistently released into aquatic environments, with anionic fluorinated surfactants emerging as a significant concern due to their potential to infiltrate potable water and pose a threat to human health. Therefore, the development of novel tools for their early detection is crucial. In this study, the methylene blue (MB) redox probe, previously known for its selectivity towards ASs, was electropolymerized onto the surface of carbon nanotube-modified graphite screen-printed electrodes.

Phenolic compounds and glucosinolates composition of cauliflower and broccoli byproducts puree after the lactic acid fermentation.

This study aimed to investigate the composition of phenolic compounds and glucosinolates in cauliflower and broccoli byproduct purees after fermentation with two selected strains of Lactiplantibacillus (Lp.) plantarum. UHPLC-HRMS (Q-Orbitrap) was used to analyze semi-targeted metabolic differences between non-fermented and Lp.

Anti-seizure medications in patients with renal failure undergoing dialysis: how to manage?

Introduction: Managing epilepsy in patients with end-stage kidney disease presents unique challenges due to altered pharmacokinetics of anti-seizure medications (ASMs) and the effects of dialysis treatments. Dialysis can significantly affect ASM clearance, requiring careful dosing adjustments to maintain therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the current knowledge and to offer practical clinical guidance on the use of ASMs in patients undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

AI in scientific writing and publishing: A call for critical engagement.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming nearly every domain of science, and scholarly publishing is no exception. From automated language editing to machine-assisted peer review and large-scale content analysis, AI tools are increasingly embedded in scientific writing and publishing. The response from the scientific community has ranged from cautious optimism to outright skepticism.

Predicting seizure recurrence after status epilepticus: a multicenter exploratory machine learning approach.

Purpose: Tools to predict seizure recurrence after status epilepticus (SE) are lacking. In this multicenter cohort study, we explored the ability of different machine learning (ML) models to predict seizure recurrence following a first episode of SE in patients without a prior history of seizures (de novo SE, dnSE).

Methods: Consecutive SE patients aged ≥16 years without a previous history of seizures admitted to Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona, Spain) from 2011 to 2021 and Modena Academic Hospital (Baggiovara, Italy) from 2013 to 2022 were reviewed.

Bilateral Red Breast Syndrome in Prepectoral Implant-based Immediate Breast Reconstruction Using Bovine Pericardium Acellular Collagen Matrix.

Red breast syndrome (RBS) is a rare and intriguing clinical phenomenon that remains only partially understood. It is characterized by erythema and warmth of the breast following breast reconstructive surgery. This clinical condition is typically associated with the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) over breast implants.