Safety of tralokinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis followed for up to 4.5 years: an integrated analysis of 8 clinical trials.

Background: Patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) require long-term management, and understanding the long-term safety of new treatments is a top priority for patients and healthcare professionals.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety of tralokinumab in adults and adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD by conducting an integrated safety analysis of 7 placebo-controlled trials and the ongoing, open-label extension study ECZTEND.

Methods: An initial 16-week placebo-controlled (PBO-CTRL) safety set and an all-tralokinumab (ALL-TRALO) safety set combining the placebo-controlled trials and ECZTEND (data cut-off 30 April, 2022) were analyzed.

Exploring decision making for treatment in LARC and LRRC: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Decision-making in locally advanced (LARC) and locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) has transformed over recent years. Informed consent and shared decision making have allowed patients to consider what information and factors are individually important to them. There is a limited understanding of the complexities of decision-making in patients undergoing pelvic exenteration (PE) for rectal cancer.

The Impact of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder on Home Spirometry and Other Parameters in People With Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder leading to challenges in treatment adherence. Despite emerging evidence on the prevalence of ADHD in pwCF and its potential impact on treatment adherence, there remains a gap in knowledge regarding the impact of ADHD on disease monitoring behaviours in the telehealth era, particularly through the use of portable home spirometry.

Methods: This retrospective study analysed home spirometry data in a large adult CF centre from 2020 to 2024.

Developing a prospective rapid-learning methodology to evaluate the survival impact of changing radiotherapy practice to include a new heart dose limit for patients with lung cancer in a UK specialist cancer centre (RAPID-RT): a protocol.

Introduction: The RAPID-RT study is part of a large-scale research programme investigating the use of routinely collected real-world patient data to rapidly and prospectively evaluate and optimise the impact of changes in radiotherapy practice on clinical outcome, an approach often referred to as 'rapid learning'. As a proof of concept, a prospective, observational clinical study using realworld data is embedded within the programme. This study implements a new dose limit to a defined region of the heart in patients with stage I-III lung cancer treated with curative-intent radiotherapy at The Christie NHS Foundation Trust.

Development and validation of a diagnostic prediction model for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: VAPOR 1, protocol for a prospective multicentre case-control study.

Introduction: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to have extremely poor patient outcomes, unlike other cancer types which have seen significant improvements in their treatments and survival. A major contributing factor is that PDAC is often detected at an advanced, incurable stage. In the UK, nearly half of patients have stage 4 disease at the time of diagnosis, which has a profound effect on treatment options and, ultimately, survival.

The Efficacy of Daily Salmon Oil for Adult Type 2 Asthma: An Exploratory Randomized Double-Blind Trial.

Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic respiratory condition with distinct inflammatory phenotypes, including type 2-driven eosinophilic asthma. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory trial investigated the effects of OmeGO, on respiratory outcomes in adults with type 2 asthma. Over a 20-week period, 66 participants received 6 g per day of either OmeGO (≥120 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), ≥180 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)), or placebo.

Performance against quality indicators in the initial assessment of patients with respiratory infections in acute medicine services.

Introduction: Hospital attendances due to respiratory infection peak in winter, contributing to pressures within acute services. We assessed the prevalence of suspected respiratory infection within acute medical admissions during winter and evaluated performance against recommendations for initial assessment.

Methods: Data were collected through the Society for Acute Medicine (SAM) Benchmarking Audit, comprising a hospital-level survey and 24-hour patient-level data collection for unplanned acute medical attendances on 22 February 2024.

Exploring the consistency, quality and challenges in manual and automated coding of free-text diagnoses from hospital outpatient letters.

Clinical coding is the process of extracting key information contained within clinical free-text and representing this information using standardised clinical terminologies. In doing so, unstructured text is transformed into structured data that can be retrieved and analysed more effectively. This process is essential to improving direct care, supporting communication between clinicians and enabling clinical research.

Acute Pleuropericardial Syndrome Following Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report.

Pleuropericardial syndrome, a rare inflammatory complication associated with messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccination, is predominantly reported in younger men but may also occur in older adults following booster doses, as illustrated by this case of a 68-year-old woman. Three days after receiving her third (booster) dose, she presented with flu-like symptoms, palpitations, and progressively worsening dyspnea. Diagnostic imaging revealed a large pericardial effusion and a moderate pleural effusion.

Multicenter Early Experience of Preloaded Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty With Endothelium-Inwards Technique With Dextran-Free Preservation Media.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients treated with preloaded Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) with endothelium-inwards fashion stored in dextran-free preservation media.

Methods: This study (audit number: 11,392) involved a clinical retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy or Bullous Keratopathy at 2 tertiary eye centers. All tissues were stripped using a standard DMEK stripping technique (SCUBA), preloaded with the endothelium facing inwards, stored and shipped in a dextran-free preservation media from the Venice Eye Bank, Italy to Liverpool, United Kingdom and Vicenza, Italy for subsequent surgeries.

Comparative Outcomes of Septal Extension versus Columellar Strut Grafts for Nasal Tip Stabilization and Positioning in Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

a. Introduction Columellar strut graft (CSG) and septal extension graft (SEG) are commonly used in septorhinoplasty for nasal tip support. b.

Detecting small airways dysfunction in asthma: Rationale, findings, and future of ATLANTIS.

Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is both common and clinically relevant in patients with asthma. However, there is no recognized 'gold standard' approach for the identification of SAD in clinical practice. The ATLANTIS (AssessmenT of smalL Airways involvemeNT In aSthma) study was a prospective (1 year follow-up), multi-center, international observational study that aimed to identify the best, or best combination of biomarkers, physiological tests, and imaging markers for the determination of the presence of SAD, and to evaluate the contribution of SAD across all asthma severities to meaningful clinical asthma outcomes.

Disparities in Fungal Diagnostic Capacity Across Chinese Hospitals: A Nationwide Survey Highlighting Gaps in Molecular Testing and GDP-Linked Inequalities.

Background: With the increasing incidence of fungal infection in China, the need for rapid and accurate diagnosis of mycosis is crucial. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the diagnosis capacity for mycosis.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted across all 31 provincial-level regions in China from August 2023 to April 2024.

Impact of social deprivation upon the preoperative pathway and early surgical outcomes after pancreatoduodenectomy for PDAC and non-PDAC periampullary cancer in England: the Surg-Panc-UK study.

Background: Socioeconomic deprivation is linked to poorer outcomes in many cancers, however the impact of social deprivation on survival in resectable pancreatic and other peri-ampullary cancers appears mixed. Moreover, no studies consider the impact of social deprivation on diagnostic pathway length.

Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study of adults with suspected periampullary cancer undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy in England.

Exertion-Induced Intrathecal Haematoma in Undiagnosed Von Willebrand Disease: A Case of Acute Spinal Cord Compression.

Intrathecal haematoma is a rare and potentially devastating cause of acute spinal cord compression. In the absence of trauma, anticoagulation, or a known bleeding disorder, diagnosis can be significantly delayed. This report presents an unusual case of an intrathecal haematoma precipitated by exertion in a previously undiagnosed case of von Willebrand disease.

The range and reach of qualitative research in neurosurgery: A scoping review.

Following calls for more qualitative research in neurosurgery, this scoping review aimed to describe the range and reach of qualitative studies relevant to the field of neurosurgery and the patients and families affected by neurosurgical conditions. A systematic search was conducted in September 2024 across six databases: Medline via Ebsco; Embase via OVID; PsycINFO via Ebsco; Scopus; Web of Science Core Collection; and Global Health via Ebsco. Eligibility criteria were based on Population, Concept, and Context.

Biological Therapy in COPD Management: Current Evidence, Challenges and Opportunities.

The goals of COPD treatment are to improve symptoms and decrease future risks such as exacerbations, lung function decline and mortality. Despite receiving maximal inhaled treatment, many COPD patients continue to exacerbate. This highlights the need for novel therapeutic approaches.

The Michael Mason Prize: Development and feasibility testing of a complex intervention to improve adherence to fracture prevention medicine.

Objectives: Only 12% of people recommended fracture prevention medicines remain on treatment 1 year post fracture. The improving uptake of Fracture Prevention treatments (iFraP) intervention aims to improve shared decision-making (SDM) about, and uptake of, osteoporosis medicines in Fracture Liaison Services (FLS). This paper details development and feasibility.

Four Year Clinical and Cost Effectiveness of Vaginal Pessary Self-Management Versus Clinic-Based Care for Pelvic Organ Prolapse (TOPSY): Long Term Follow-Up of a Randomised Controlled Superiority Trial.

Objective: To compare long-term clinical and cost-effectiveness of pessary self-management (SM) with clinic-based care (CBC) for pelvic floor-specific quality of life (QoL).

Design: Four-year questionnaire follow-up of trial participants.

Setting: UK pessary clinics.

Diabetes Genetic Clusters and Clinical Outcomes in American Indians.

Unlabelled: Diabetes has a large medical and public health impact in American Indians. Studies have used genetic data to distinguish type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and uncover biologic mechanisms underlying T2D clinical heterogeneity. We applied a T1D polygenic score (PS) to 3,084 American Indians (mean age 56 years, 58% women, 39% diabetes).

Fully closed-loop control with ultra-rapid versus standard insulin lispro: A randomised crossover study simulating missed meal boluses.

Aims: Ultra-rapid insulin lispro (URIL) is associated with faster insulin absorption and earlier offset than standard insulin lispro (IL). This study evaluated whether URIL improves glucose control in a fully closed-loop setting over an 8-h period compared to IL under conditions simulating a missed meal bolus.

Methods: In this open-label, randomised crossover trial, 18 adults with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy [12 females, age 39.