Burden of Maternal and Neonatal Disorser in Nepal from 1990 to 2019; Analysis of Data from Global Burden of Disease Study: An Observational Study.

Introduction: Nepal continues to face significant challenges with high maternal and neonatal mortality. To improve health and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of reducing maternal and newborn mortality by 2030, Nepal needs to focus on addressing high-burden maternal and neonatal disorders. The objective of the study was to examine the current burden of maternal and neonatal disorders in Nepal and to assess any changes over time.

Broad Ligament Leiomyomata - An Important Differential Diagnosis in Huge Abdominal Mass: A Case Report.

Leiomyomas are a common gynaecological condition affecting 20-30% of women over the age of 35, with prevalence decreasing following menopause. Leiomyomas are most commonly found within the uterus. Rarer extra-uterine locations include the broad ligament, cervix, and vagina.

Perinatal Transmission of Dengue in a Neonate: A Case Report.

Vertical transmission of dengue is rare. However, the rapid rise of dengue infection is a risk in pregnancy which can lead to preterm delivery, low birth weight, stillbirth, miscarriage, neonatal morbidity and mortality. Here, we present a case of perinatal transmission of dengue in a term neonate who presented with fever on second day of life and desaturation without respiratory distress.

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome in an Adult Infertile Male: A Case Report.

Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome(PMDS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of sex development characterized by the presence of Müllerian duct derived structures in a normally virilized, genotypical (46, XY) and phenotypical male. Here we describe a case of a couple who presented as primary subfertility with azoospermia and diagnosed as PMDS (Bilateral testis in right inguinal canal with associated ring inguinal hernia and persistent of mullerian duct derivatives in the form of rudimentary uterus and fallopian tubes) and planned for Intrauterine insemination with donor semen. PMDS is rare disease and in developing countries like Nepal, because of unaware of the disease condition and lack of proper health care facilities, such cases are diagnosed later in adult males.

Clinician and policymaker perspectives on the barriers and enablers to implementing and scaling up integrated postpartum intrauterine contraceptive services within maternity care in Nepal: a qualitative study.

Background: Integrating postpartum family planning services within maternity care, specifically counselling about family planning and postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) insertion, may help reduce unintended pregnancies and related complications. This study explored factors affecting the implementation and scale-up of integration of these services within maternity care in Nepal from the perspectives of healthcare providers and policymakers.

Methods: For this qualitative study, we conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews remotely with healthcare providers and policymakers across all seven provinces of the Nepali maternal healthcare sector until theme saturation was achieved.

Draft genome sequence of carbapenem-resistant ST6260 isolated from the catheter tip of a female patient in Nepal.

is an opportunistic human pathogen, particularly associated with nosocomial infections and multidrug resistance. Here, we present a draft genome sequence of a carbapenem-resistant ST6260 isolated from the catheter tip of a female patient in a referral case received at Kathmandu Model Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Biofilm formation capacity and Carbapenem-resistance in Acinetobacter-calcoaceticus-baumannii isolated from inpatients in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.

Objective: Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex (ACBC), as an emerging global burden to various clinical infections, has a huge problem in empirical therapy due to the increasing resistance to the majority of antibiotics. The ability of biofilm formation added to its antimicrobial resistance and helped its persistence and survival in the environment. To associate biofilm formation with carbapenem resistance, a hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from February 2020 to August 2020 at Kathmandu Model Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (Abdominal Cocoon) associated with Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of bowel wall: a rare case report.

Introduction: Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is a rare condition causing intestinal obstruction. A thick fibrous membrane envelops abdominal organs. SEP is classified into two types: abdominal cocoon syndrome (ACS), also called idiopathic or primary SEP, and secondary SEP.

Explaining rising caesarean section rates in urban Nepal: A mixed-methods study.

Introduction: Caesarean section (CS) rates are rising in urban hospitals in Nepal. However, the reasons behind these rising rates are poorly understood. Therefore, this study explores factors contributing to rising CS rates in two urban hospitals as well as strategies to make rational use of CS.

The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare.

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A nursing and midwifery training program in Kathmandu on antimicrobial resistance and stewardship and infection prevention and control: a qualitative and quantitative outcomes and process evaluation.

Background: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately affected by antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Nurses and midwives are essential to a holistic approach to AMR stewardship (AMS) and IPC within LMICs.

Objective: (1) Adapt AMS and IPC training programs and practice guidelines for community- and hospital-based nurses and midwives in Nepal; (2) pilot and conduct training outcome and process evaluations.

Degenerated Subserosal Uterine Leiomyoma Mimicking Carcinoma Ovary.

Uterine leiomyomas are the most common entities encountered in routine gynaecological practice. They are usually easily identifiable on routine imaging. However, there is increasing difficulty with diagnosing leiomyoma following hyaline degeneration as it might mimic ovarian pathology.

Perspectives of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes on barriers to diabetes care: a qualitative study.

Background: Diabetes care incorporates multiple integrated elements like self-care practices, patient education and awareness, societal support, equitable access to healthcare facilities and trained healthcare professionals, commitment from the diabetes associations and government policies. There is a dearth of research exploring the barriers experienced by both People with Type 1 diabetes (PwT1D) and People with Type 2 diabetes (PwT2D) in accessing the holistic elements of diabetes care. This study thus aimed at exploring the perceived barriers among PwT1D and PwT2D in accessing diabetes care services in urban and rural areas of Nepal.

Vesicovaginal Fistula Following Trauma.

Vesicovaginal Fistula (VVF) is an abnormal communication between the bladder and vagina. The major causes of vesicovaginal fistula in developing countries are associated with obstructed labour whereas in developed countries, vesicovaginal fistula results from pelvic surgeries. Rarely vesicovaginal fistula may result due to direct trauma to the pelvis.

Carbapenem Resistance in Complex Isolates From Kathmandu Model Hospital, Nepal, Is Attributed to the Presence of and Genes.

The (ACB) complex, also known as ACB complex, consists of four bacterial species that can cause opportunistic infections in humans, especially in hospital settings. Conventional therapies for susceptible strains of the ACB complex include broad-spectrum cephalosporins, -lactam/-lactamase inhibitors, and carbapenems. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these antibiotics has declined due to increasing rates of resistance.

Perceived stress and coping strategies among nursing students towards rejoining college after covid-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on nursingeducation, with many programs abruptly discontinuing clinical practice. This has raised concerns among nursing students about their clinicalskill development. Because of this, the researcher was motivated to learn how nursing students perceive stress and develop coping mechanisms for returning to nursing colleges following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Fetomaternal Outcome in Antepartum Hemorrhage After 34 Weeks of Gestation.

Background: Antepartum hemorrhage is defined as any bleeding from or into the genital tract during pregnancy, after the period of viability until delivery of the fetus. APH complicates 2-5% of pregnancies and is a primary cause of perinatal and maternal mortality globally. Aim of this study is to evaluate maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with APH at a tertiary care hospital.

Fetomaternal Outcome of Pregnant Women at Term Undergoing Cesarean Section.

Background: Cesarean section is one of the most common procedures performed in obstetric practice today and is a lifesaving surgery for mother and fetus. Cesarean sections are classified traditionally, as elective cesarean section or emergency cesarean. The purpose of this study is to compare the maternal and neonatal outcomes in elective and emergency cesarean section so that measures can be taken to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Ruptured Endometrioma with Hemoperitoneum Requiring Emergency Laparotomy: A Case Report.

Endometrioma is the localization of endometriosis in ovary which often develops as cyst. The condition can be complicated with infection, torsion and rupture leading to significant hemoperitoneum and ascites. We present here a 28-year female P2 L1 presented with the features of acute abdomen and severe anemia referred from other hospital where pain management was done.