SOX2OT inhibition enhances the choline O-Acetyltransferase gene expression in neuronal differentiation model of NT2 cells.

Objective: This experimental study aimed to investigate the role of SOX2OT in NT2 cell neuronal differentiation to elucidate its specific function in this process, which remains unclear despite previous research highlighting its importance in central nervous system development.

Material And Methods: We utilized the NT2 cell line to create a constitutive SOX2OT knocked-down cell clone (SNT2) and a control clone (LNT2) through lentivirus-mediated shRNA delivery. All cell types underwent 3 weeks of neuronal differentiation induced by retinoic acid.

Familial Forms of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Have a Worse Prognosis Than Sporadic Forms: an Italian Case-Control Study.

Familial chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) constitutes 5-7% of CLL and has previously shown a more aggressive pattern of evolution compared to sporadic CLL, even if no difference in overall survival (OS) has been observed. This multicenter case-control study aimed to compare clinical features, molecular biomarkers, and patient outcomes of familial and sporadic CLL. Adult CLL patients were enrolled from 18 Italian centers, with familial CLL defined as having at least one first-degree relative affected by CLL.

A metabolite-based resistance mechanism against malaria.

Jaundice is a common presentation of malaria, which arises from the accumulation of circulating bilirubin. It is not understood whether it represents an adaptive or maladaptive response to spp. infection.

Genomic modifiers of neurological resilience in a Niemann-Pick C family.

Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease, caused by NPC1 or NPC2 variants, disrupts cholesterol and glycolipid trafficking, leading to diverse clinical manifestations. To understand the genetic basis of neurological resilience, we analyzed an NPC family with variable phenotypes, identifying loss-of-function variants in CCDC115, SLC4A5, DEPDC5, ETFDH, SNRNP200, and DOCK1 that co-segregated with milder neurological involvement. Using yeast models, we successfully predicted NPC-like severity based on orthologous gene variants.

Natural compound rosmarinic acid displays anti-tumor activity in colorectal cancer cells by suppressing nuclear factor-kappa B signaling.

Background: Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenol carboxylic acid known for its role in chemoprevention. Given its widespread use as a food additive, we are interested in whether RA affects the development of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Aim: To examine the anti-tumor effects of RA on various CRC cell lines, and to further investigate the possible mechanisms.

Early preclinical development of amino acid biosynthesis pathway inhibitor DRILS-1398 as a potential anti-TB drug.

The search for new anti-tubercular agents is vital for the fight against , particularly given the rise of drug-resistant strains. DRILS-1398, a pyrazolo[4,3-]pyrimidine derivative, was discovered as a potent inhibitor of chorismate mutase (-CM) with an IC = 3.0 ± 0.

Multi-Omics Analysis of Experimentally Evolved Candida auris Isolates Reveals Modulation of Sterols, Sphingolipids, and Oxidative Stress in Acquired Amphotericin B Resistance.

Clinical isolates of Candida auris show a high prevalence of resistance to Amphotericin B (AmB)-an uncommon trait in most Candida species. Alterations in ergosterol biosynthesis can contribute to acquired AmB resistance in C. auris laboratory strains but are rarely seen in clinical isolates.

Genomic insights into the potency and functional roles of Lactobacillus species in term and preterm births.

The vaginal microbiome, typically dominated by Lactobacillus species, plays a key role in reducing the risk of preterm birth (PTB) by protecting against infections. In this study, we sequenced 133 Lactobacillus genomes isolated from the reproductive tracts of pregnant Indian women. Genomic analysis identified genes linked to pathogen resistance and anti-inflammatory functions.

Defining seedling stage-specific metabolic adaptations to salinity in landrace Pokkali and cultivated rice IR64.

Understanding the biochemical basis of salinity tolerance in naturally evolved landraces cultivated in seawater along coastal India is key to improving elite rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. We conducted a detailed time-course metabolome profiling of two contrasting genotypes: the salt-sensitive IR64 and the salt-tolerant wild rice Pokkali.

Impact of statins as immune-modulatory agents on inflammatory markers in adults with chronic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

While numerous studies have extensively documented the pleiotropic effects of statins, including their capacity to reduce inflammation, there is a lack of research estimating the anti-inflammatory effectiveness of statins among individuals with chronic diseases. This meta-analysis evaluates the effect of statin therapy on inflammatory markers and the lipid profile in patients with chronic diseases by analysing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We conducted a systematic review and searched articles published between 1st January 1999 and 31st December 2023 in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane.

Development of a HiFi-LAMP Assay for Detection of Human Pegivirus Type 1 RNA.

Human pegivirus (HPgV) is a blood-borne RNA virus belonging to the family Flaviviridae, and contains two types HPgV-1 and HPgV-2. HPgV-1 infection does not cause acute diseases in healthy individuals but was demonstrated to play beneficial roles in individuals coinfected with HIV-1. HPgV-1 has a high prevalence in blood donors and the general population worldwide.

Metabolic Alterations in Colombian Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Reveal Potential Lipid Biomarkers Associated with Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risk.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are autoimmune diseases associated with chronic inflammation and cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to identify metabolic alterations in Colombian women with RA and SLE to discover potential biomarkers. Plasma samples were analyzed using LC-QTOF-MS and GC-QTOF-MS.

Comprehensive structural, evolutionary and functional analysis of superoxide dismutase gene family revealed critical role in salinity and drought stress responses in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).

Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a metalloenzyme, catalyses the dismutation of superoxide anions (O) into molecular oxygen (O) and hydrogen peroxide (HO), perform crucial roles in plant growth, development, and responses to multiple abiotic stressors. Present study attempted to explore the SOD gene family in chickpea and their key role in salinity and drought tolerance. Computational analysis of SOD gene family in chickpea revealed 10 SODs (4 Cu/ZnSODs and 6 Mn/FeSODs) and explored their chromosomal location, evolutionary relationships, structure, conserved motifs, promoter analysis, tissue specific expression analysis, protein-protein interactions and docking of CaSODs with their predicted interacting partners.

Nucleic acid nanobiosystems for cancer theranostics: an overview of emerging trends and challenges.

Different cancers remain major global health challenges due to their diverse biological behaviors and significant treatment hurdles. The aging of populations and lifestyle factors increase cancer occurrence and place increasing pressure on healthcare systems. Despite continuous advancements, many cancers remain fatal due to late-stage diagnosis, tumor heterogeneity, and drug resistance, thus necessitating urgent development of innovative treatment solutions.

Mitochondrial targets in ischaemic heart disease and heart failure, and their potential for a more efficient clinical translation. A scientific statement of the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart and the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function.

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains a major cause of death and disability worldwide. No adjuvant treatment has yet been fully validated in patients to limit the progression from the initial tissue damage due to acute MI, to the development of heart failure. However, mitochondria have long been demonstrated to be a key target for cardioprotective strategies to reduce cell death that leads to left ventricular dysfunction and ultimately heart failure.

A tale of two parasites: a glimpse into the RNA methylome of patient-derived Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax isolates.

Background: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of the malarial parasites in hosts is crucial for developing effective treatments. Epitranscriptomic research on pathogens has unveiled the significance of RNA methylation in gene regulation and pathogenesis. This is the first report investigating methylation signatures and alternative splicing events using Nanopore Direct RNA Sequencing to single-base resolution in Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax clinical isolates with hepatic dysfunction complications.

Vitamin D receptor signalling regulates the diet-driven metabolic shift during weaning.

Objective: Weaning in mammals is associated with a shift in the metabolism, driven by the differences in the macronutrient composition of milk and post-weaning diet. Milk has a higher fat content compared with the carbohydrate-enriched solid food. Malnutrition during this stage could affect this transition with long-term adverse effects.

In silico analysis of Rutin and Morin against diabetes-associated molecular targets.

Diabetes is one of the oldest diseases known to occur in humans and is regulated by a complex interplay of metabolic, genetic, and environmental factors. Several therapeutic options exist, including medications, exercise, improved health measures, psychological and mental well-being, and amelioration of disparity and depression. Current therapeutic options although are effective, they tends to display side effects that includes significant complications like gastrointestinal discomfort, decreased effectiveness and weight gain.

Endothelial Cells Stably Infected with Recombinant Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Display Distinct Viscoelastic and Morphological Properties.

Purpose: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a γ-herpesvirus that has a tropism for endothelial cells and leads to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma, especially in people living with HIV. The present study aimed to quantify morphological and mechanical changes in endothelial cells after infection with KSHV to assess their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic markers.

Methods: Vascular (HuARLT2) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) were infected with recombinant KSHV (rKSHV) by spinoculation, establishing stable infections (HuARLT2-rKSHV and LEC-rKSHV).

Generation of iPSC lines (ICHi001-A, ICHi002-A, ICHi003-A, ICHi004-A) from four patients carrying Titin truncating variants associated with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Inherited dilated cardiomyopathy (iDCM) is a disease of the heart muscle, characterized by left ventricle enlargement, systolic dysfunction and arrhythmias. iDCM represents a common cause of heart failure and the most frequent cause of heart transplantation. Among the causative genes, TTN, encoding the sarcomeric protein Titin, represents the most prevalent (about 25 % of cases).

Development and Perfection of Marine-Based Insecticide Biofilm for Pea Seed Protection: Experimental and Computational Approaches.

This work aims to develop an insecticidal biofilm based on Calothrixin A, collagen, and chitosan for the protection of pea seeds. The main objective is to improve the ingredient concentrations maximizing the insecticidal activity of the biofilm and to study the desorption of Calothrixin A according to the diffusion parameters. Eight biofilm formulations were prepared with different concentrations of the components and tested on and .

Cynthichlorine Extracted from Ascidian from Djibouti: Optimization of Extraction, In Vitro Anticancer Profiling, and In Silico Approach.

This work focuses on the extraction of cynthichlorine from the ascidian , a molecule that has potential promise as an anticancer agent. The main objective was to optimize the extraction conditions and evaluate the cytotoxic activity of cynthichlorine in tumor cell lines. Two extraction methods, maceration and Soxhlet extraction, were compared, with maceration showing a significantly higher yield (2.

Endothelial cell supplementation promotes xenograft revascularization during short-term ovarian tissue transplantation.

The ischemic/hypoxic window after Ovarian Tissue Transplantation (OTT) can be responsible for the loss of more than 60 % of follicles. The implantation of the tissue supplemented with endothelial cells (ECs) inside dermal substitutes represents a promising strategy for improving graft revascularization. Ovarian biopsies were partly cryopreserved and partly digested to isolate ovarian ECs (OVECs).

Detectable episodic positive selection in the virion strand a-strain Maize streak virus genes may have a role in its host adaptation.

Maize streak virus (MSV) has four genes: cp, encoding the coat protein; mp, the movement protein; and repA and rep, encoding two distinct replication-associated proteins from an alternatively spliced transcript. These genes play roles in encapsidation, movement, replication, and interactions with the external environment, making them prone to stimuli-driven molecular adaptation. We accomplished selection studies on publicly available curated, recombination-free, complete coding sequences for representative A-strain maize streak virus (MSV-A) cp and mp genes.