Comment on Frye et al. Air Pollution and Maximum Temperature Are Associated with Neurodevelopmental Regressive Events in Autism Spectrum Disorder. 2022, , 1809.

Frye et al. [..

Comment on Wang et al. Simufilam Reverses Aberrant Receptor Interactions of Filamin A in Alzheimer's Disease. 2023, , 13927.

The authors have published their findings that simufilam, a small novel molecule suggested for clinical use in Alzheimer's disease (AD), restores a deleterious conformation of filamin A (FLNA), which is a large intracellular scaffolding protein, as indicated by changes in isoelectric focusing points [...

Cost savings associated with video directly observed therapy for treatment of tuberculosis.

To calculate the per-session and annual direct program costs to implement directly observed therapy (DOT) for tuberculosis treatment and to conduct a cost attribution analysis under varying proportions of DOT utilization for four DOT types. Program data covering the study period from September 2014 to August 2015 in New York City (NYC) were used to conduct a retrospective bottom-up micro-costing economic evaluation. For each DOT type, potential per-session and annual program savings were estimated as the cost averted by adopting a uniform distribution of DOT alternatives.

A model of lipid dysregulation and altered nutrient status in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Dysregulated lipid metabolism and nutrient status are thought to play a role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the precise involvement is not well understood, and it remains unclear exactly how such dysregulated lipid metabolism and altered nutrient status, especially changes in phosphatidylcholine, B12, and folate, are connected to the hallmark pathology in AD (i.e.

Environmental factors influencing the link between APOE ε4 and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk.

While APOE ε4 allele is considered a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), no relation existed between APOE ε4 and AD in the Yoruba in Nigeria among cohorts included in early prevalence waves. The authors' explanation that other disease susceptibilities may provoke earlier mortality is inconsistent with the Yoruba having a lower incidence of disease risk factors. Cohort enrichment in 2001 has altered the authors' conclusions; Yorba participants homozygous, and not heterozygous, for the ε4 allele had significantly increased risk for AD (HR = 2.

Impact of geographic distance on appraisal delay for active TB treatment seeking in Uganda: a network analysis of the Kawempe Community Health Cohort Study.

Background: Appraisal delay is the time a patient takes to consider a symptom as not only noticeable, but a sign of illness. The study's objective was to determine the association between appraisal delay in seeking tuberculosis (TB) treatment and geographic distance measured by network travel (driving and pedestrian) time (in minutes) and distance (Euclidean and self-reported) (in kilometers) and to identify other risk factors from selected covariates and how they modify the core association between delay and distance.

Methods: This was part of a longitudinal cohort study known as the Kawempe Community Health Study based in Kampala, Uganda.

Environmental factors influencing the link between childhood ADHD and risk of adult coronary artery disease.

Yorbik et al. reported novel findings regarding a hypothesized relationship between childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and later risk for coronary heart disease in adulthood. The authors found that mean platelet volume (MPV), a marker of platelet reactivity and a presumable biomarker in patients with cardiovascular disease, was significantly elevated in children with ADHD compared to healthy controls.

Air pollution and risk of hospitalization for epilepsy: the role of farm use of nitrogen fertilizers and emissions of the agricultural air pollutant, nitrous oxide.

The link between various air pollutants and hospitalization for epilepsy has come under scrutiny. We have proposed that exposure to air pollution and specifically the pervasive agricultural air pollutant and greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O), may provoke susceptibility to neurodevelopmental disorders. Evidence supports a role of N2O exposure in reducing epileptiform seizure activity, while withdrawal from the drug has been shown to induce seizure-like activity.

Use of anthropogenic nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture is associated with per capita ethanol consumption.

It has previously been demonstrated that emissions of the agricultural pollutant, nitrous oxide (NO), may be a confounder to the relationship between herbicide use and psychiatric impairments, including ADHD. This report attempts to extend this hypothesis by testing whether annual use of anthropogenic nitrogen-based fertilizers in U.S.

Zinc and Copper Metabolism and Risk of Autism: a reply to Sayehmiri et al.

Objective: Sayehmiri et al. recently conducted a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between zinc and copper metabolism and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Recent reports have elucidated a full behavioral profile of mice exposed to prenatal zinc deficiency and documented a phenotype similar to that found in autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

Antecedent ADHD, dementia, and metabolic dysregulation: A U.S. based cohort analysis.

Introduction: Epidemiological and genetic studies have reported a link between antecedent ADHD and dementia. The underpinning mechanisms of these associations are not known and have generated considerable speculation.

Methods: We have extracted hospitalization discharge data on dementia and ADHD (representing a severe phenotype) from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUPnet) and utilized a Poisson regression with two-ways fixed effects to investigate this association.