sp. nov., isolated from the oral cavity of dogs.

Some species of the genus have been responsible for several medically important diseases worldwide. Studies of their natural reservoirs have been mainly performed by analysing animal faecal samples. However, other types of samples, such as oral specimens, have been studied very little.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and Microencapsulation of Polyphenols: Toward a Stable Anti-Inflammatory Ingredient for Functional Foods.

, a Chilean brown seaweed, exhibits high antioxidant activity and polyphenol content, positioning it as a promising candidate for developing bioactive food ingredients. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of an ethanolic extract of , produced via ultrasound-assisted extraction, and its subsequent microencapsulation to obtain a functional food-grade ingredient. The extract's anti-inflammatory capacity was assessed in vitro through hyaluronidase inhibition, and its cytotoxicity was evaluated using gastrointestinal cell models (HT-29 and Caco-2).

A nanobody-based therapeutic targeting Nipah virus limits viral escape.

Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) are highly pathogenic henipaviruses without approved human vaccines or therapies. Here, we report on a highly potent bispecific therapeutic that combines an anti-fusion glycoprotein nanobody with an anti-receptor-binding glycoprotein (RBP) antibody to deliver a dual-targeting biologic that is resistant to viral escape. We show that the nanobody, DS90, engages a unique, conserved site within the fusion glycoprotein of NiV and HeV and provides neutralization and complete protection from NiV disease.

Adaptation Under Pressure: Resistance and Stress Response Interplay in Clinical Isolates.

Understanding the interplay between antifungal resistance, stress adaptation, and virulence in is critical for more effective treatment outcomes. In this study, we investigate six clinical isolates of from the hospitals of the Czech Republic, focusing on their resistance profiles, stress responses, and survival mechanisms under antifungal pressure. Notably, we have shown that azole-susceptible strains were able to form persister cells under supra-MIC concentrations, highlighting an emerging non-genetic survival mechanism.

Adenosine A Receptor Antagonism Interferes with TGF-β Cellular Signaling Through SMAD2/-3 and p65-Nf-κB in Podocytes and Protects from Phenotypical Transformation in Experimental Diabetic Glomerulopathy.

Studies have emphasized alleviating fibrogenesis through interference with adenosine signaling in experimental diabetic nephropathy. We found that the in vivo antagonism of the adenosine A receptor (AAR) using MRS1754 in diabetic rats impedes the diabetes-induced glomerular expression of the mesenchymal-like transformation markers Snail and α-SMA, while the loss of the epithelial podocyte-specific proteins nephrin and ZO-1 was prevented. Furthermore, the production of MCP-1, CCL3, TGF-β, and the transcript levels of inflammatory mediators was reduced by AAR antagonism.

Agar Composition Modulates Production of Trichoderma Peptaibols, Affecting Antibacterial and Antiproliferative Activity.

Current antibiotics and chemotherapeutics are becoming ineffective because pathogenic bacteria and tumor cells have developed multiple drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to find new substances that can be used in treatment, either alone or as sensitizing molecules in combination with existing drugs. Peptaibols are bioactive, membrane-active peptides of non-ribosomal origin, mainly produced by filamentous fungi such as Trichoderma spp.

Acquired Resistance to Decitabine Associated with the Deoxycytidine Kinase A180P Mutation: Implications for the Order of Hypomethylating Agents in Myeloid Malignancies Treatment.

The backbone of therapy for elderly patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia consists of hypomethylating agents 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) and 5-azacytidine (AZA). However, resistance frequently emerges during treatment. To investigate the mechanisms of resistance, we generated DAC-resistant variants of the acute myeloid leukemia cell lines, MOLM-13 and SKM-1, through their prolonged cultivation in increasing concentrations of DAC.

Fungal diversity from Fildes Peninsula (Antarctica) and their antibiosis bioactivity against two plant pathogens.

Antarctic fungi can effectively adapt to extreme environments, which leads to the production of unique bioactive compounds. Studies on the discovery of fungi in the diverse environments of Antarctica and their potential applications are increasing, yet remain limited. In this study, fungi were isolated from various substrates on the Fildes Peninsula in Antarctica and screened for their antibiosis activity against two significant plant pathogenic fungi, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium culmorum.

Biomolecular Condensate-Based Artificial Organelle for Driving Compartmentalized Flux Control.

Microbial cell factories have emerged as versatile bioreactors capable of orchestrating complex metabolic networks to convert renewable feedstocks into high-value biochemicals. Nevertheless, the diffusion-mediated dispersion of metabolic intermediates often compromises biosynthesis efficiency, primarily attributable to the absence of artificial subcellular compartments for spatiotemporal organization of catalytic enzymes. Herein, we established a synthetic biology platform leveraging engineered biomolecular condensates to achieve precise flux control via a modular pathway compartmentalization.

Draft genome sequence of a novel species of (strain PE A8.2) isolated from a red Antarctic seaweed.

We report the draft genome sequence of sp. nov. PE A8.

Do wolframin, P-glycoprotein, and GRP78/BiP cooperate to alter the response of L1210 cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress or drug sensitivity?

In previous research, we revealed that murine leukemia cells L1210 with induced expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp, a membrane drug transporter, product of the Abcb1 gene) are better able to withstand endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (ERS) than their P-gp negative counterparts. This was associated with increased GRP78/BiP expression and modulation of the expression of several other proteins active in the cellular response to ERS (like CHOP, spliced XBP1, 50-kDa ATF6 protein fragment and others) in P-gp positive cells. Wolframin is an ER transmembrane protein, product of the WFS1 gene whose mutations are associated with Wolfram syndrome.

Dynamic Multilevel Regulation of EGFR, KRAS, and MYC Oncogenes: Driving Cancer Cell Proliferation Through (Epi)Genetic and Post-Transcriptional/Translational Pathways.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) regulates gene expression through two primary mechanisms: as a growth factor in the nucleus, where it translocates upon binding its ligand, or via its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity in the cytosol, where it modulates key signaling pathways such as RAS/MYC, PI3K, PLCγ, and STAT3. During tumorigenesis, these pathways become deregulated, leading to uncontrolled proliferation, enhanced migratory and metastatic capabilities, evasion of programmed cell death, and resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The and oncogenes are pivotal in tumorigenesis, driving processes such as resistance to apoptosis, replicative immortality, cellular invasion and metastasis, and metabolic reprogramming.

Sulforaphane and Benzyl Isothiocyanate Suppress Cell Proliferation and Trigger Cell Cycle Arrest, Autophagy, and Apoptosis in Human AML Cell Line.

Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are naturally occurring sulfur-containing compounds with diverse biological effects. This study investigated the effects of sulforaphane (SFN, an aliphatic ITC) and benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC, an aromatic ITC) on human acute myeloid leukemia SKM-1 cells, focusing on cell proliferation, cell death, and drug resistance. Both drug-sensitive SKM-1 cells and their drug-resistant SKM/VCR variant, which overexpresses the drug transporter P-glycoprotein, were used.

Engineering a Silk Protein-Mediated Customizable Compartment for Modular Metabolic Synthesis.

Microbial cell factories provide a nontoxic, economical way for the synthesis of various chemicals and drugs, garnering significant attention from researchers. However, excessive dispersion of enzymes and accumulation of intermediate metabolites in the production process will weaken the reaction efficiency of the pathway enzyme. In this study, a cellular compartment was constructed to isolate the enzyme reaction space and optimize the modular metabolic synthesis.

Exploring the potential of reconstructed human epithelial tissue models for safety assessment of intraoral medical devices.

Medical devices are integral to a wide array of medical interventions and are increasingly utilized in both clinical and home settings. Within the oral cavity, intraoral medical devices are employed for various applications, to improve quality of life and maintain oral health and hygiene. However, the dynamic and complex environment of the oral cavity, characterized by the influence of factors, such as saliva composition, fluctuating pH, and microbial flora presents a challenge to ensure the safety of end-users.

Advancements in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia detection: Development and evaluation of a novel QCM aptasensor for use in clinical practice.

Oncological diseases represent a significant global health challenge, with high mortality rates. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment, and aptamers, which demonstrate superior specificity and stability compared to antibodies, offer a promising avenue for diagnostic advancement. This study presents the design, development and evaluation of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor functionalized with the T2-KK1B10 aptamer for the sensitive and specific detection of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) K562 cells.

Immunomodulatory, Antioxidant, and Potential Anticancer Activity of the Polysaccharides of the Fungus .

species have aroused the interest of numerous investigations that reveal their biological activity and medicinal potential. The present investigation shows the antioxidant, anticancer, and immunomodulatory activity of acidic polysaccharides obtained from the fungus . The acidic polysaccharides were obtained for acidic precipitation with 2% O-N-cetylpyridinium bromide.

The subtherapeutic dose of valproic acid induces the activity of cardiolipin-dependent proteins.

A mood-stabilizing anticonvulsant valproic acid (VPA) is a drug with a pleiotropic effect on cells. Here, we describe the impact of VPA on the metabolic function of human HAP1 cells. We show that VPA altered the biosynthetic pathway of cardiolipin (CL) and affected the activities of mitochondrial enzymes such as pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and NADH dehydrogenase.

New Insights into Aptamers: An Alternative to Antibodies in the Detection of Molecular Biomarkers.

Aptamers are short oligonucleotides with single-stranded regions or peptides that recently started to transform the field of diagnostics. Their unique ability to bind to specific target molecules with high affinity and specificity is at least comparable to many traditional biorecognition elements. Aptamers are synthetically produced, with a compact size that facilitates deeper tissue penetration and improved cellular targeting.

The trade-off between grain weight and grain number in wheat is explained by the overlapping of the key phases determining these major yield components.

Enhancing grain yield is a primary goal in the cultivation of major staple crops, including wheat. Recent research has focused on identifying the physiological and molecular factors that influence grain weight, a critical determinant of crop yield. However, a bottleneck has arisen due to the trade-off between grain weight and grain number, whose underlying causes remain elusive.