Statistical parametric mapping: a catalyst for cognitive neuroscience.

Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) is a statistical framework and open source software package for neuroimaging data analysis. Originally created by Karl Friston in the early 1990s, it has been used by a vast number of scientific studies over the last three decades. SPM has not only revolutionized the analysis of neuroimaging data but also catalyzed the development of cognitive neuroscience.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Mebendazole Repurposing for Ovarian Cancer Therapy Using Optical Coherence Tomography.

Ovarian cancer (OvCa) remains the leading cause of gynecological cancer mortality, with most patients developing chemoresistance. Drug repurposing offers promising alternatives, with mebendazole (MBZ) showing anticancer activity. This study evaluates MBZ efficacy using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT).

WISDEM: a hybrid wireless integrated sensing detector for simultaneous EEG and MRI.

Concurrent recording of electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals reveals cross-scale neurovascular dynamics crucial for explaining fundamental linkages between function and behaviors. However, MRI scanners generate artifacts for EEG detection. Despite existing denoising methods, cabled connections to EEG receivers are susceptible to environmental fluctuations inside MRI scanners, creating baseline drifts that complicate EEG signal retrieval from the noisy background.

Predictive modelling of clinically significant depressive symptoms after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: protocol for a multicentre observational study in two Swiss hospitals (the PsyCor study).

Introduction: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains one of the most commonly performed cardiac surgeries worldwide. Despite surgical advancements, a significant proportion of patients experience psychological distress following surgery, with depression being particularly common. Current evidence regarding the effectiveness of preoperative psychological interventions in improving postoperative mental health outcomes remains inconclusive.

Genetic suppression features ABHD18 as a Barth syndrome therapeutic target.

Cardiolipin (CL) is the signature phospholipid of the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it stabilizes electron transport chain protein complexes. The final step in CL biosynthesis relates to its remodelling: the exchange of nascent acyl chains with longer, unsaturated chains. However, the enzyme responsible for cleaving nascent CL (nCL) has remained elusive.

Selective ubiquitination of drug-like small molecules by the ubiquitin ligase HUWE1.

The ubiquitin system regulates eukaryotic physiology by modifying myriad substrate proteins. Substrate specificity and the assembly of ubiquitin signals are determined by ubiquitin ligases, some of which also modify non-protein biomolecules. Here we expand this substrate realm, revealing that the human ligase HUWE1 can target drug-like small molecules.

Immiscible Phase Separation-Driven Microfabrication of Gelatin Methacryloyl Scaffolds for BMP-2 Delivery and Osteogenic Enhancement.

Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels are recognized for their biocompatibility, tunable mechanics, and ability to support cellular functions, making them attractive for tissue engineering. However, achieving uniform, structurally stable micro-scaffolds for minimally invasive delivery remains challenging. Injectable hydrogels provide targeted delivery but lack the micro-architectural complexity required for effective regeneration, while 3D printing offers precision yet faces resolution, handling, and mechanical limitations.

All-optically controlled phased-array for ultrasonics.

The ability to dynamically shape ultrasound fields is critical for emerging applications in therapeutic ultrasound, particle manipulation and tissue engineering. While existing phased arrays provide beam steering for imaging, these newer applications require higher intensities. This complicates the electrical driving and ultimately limits the array size and spatial complexity of the field.

Cortex folding by combined progenitor expansion and adhesion-controlled neuronal migration.

Folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex into sulcal fissures and gyral peaks is the result of complex processes that are incompletely understood. Previously we showed that genetic deletion of Flrt1/3 adhesion molecules causes folding of the smooth mouse cortex into sulci resulting from increased lateral dispersion and faster neuron migration, without progenitor expansion. Here, we show in mice that combining the Flrt1/3 double knockout with an additional genetic deletion that causes progenitor expansion, greatly enhances cortex folding.

European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging survey on imaging for myocardial viability.

Aims: To evaluate the current role and practice patterns in myocardial viability assessment through a European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) survey.

Methods And Results: A total of 179 participants from 54 countries completed the survey. Most participants worked in tertiary centres (60.

Multi-centre Investigation of Cardiac Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Healthy Volunteers by SCMR Cardiac Diffusion Special Interest Group NETwork (SIGNET).

Background: Cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (cDTI) is an emerging technique for microstructural characterization of the heart and has shown clinical potential in a range of cardiomyopathies. However, there is substantial variation reported for in vivo cDTI results across the literature, and sensitivity of cDTI to differences in imaging sites, scanners, acquisition protocols and post-processing methods remains incompletely understood.

Methods: SIGNET is a prospective multi-centre, observational study in travelling and non-travelling healthy volunteers.

Multivalent fusion protein targeting VEGFR2 and DR5 receptors: assessing the antiangiogenic and antitumor effects via multimodal microangiography.

Background: Anti-angiogenic therapy is a clinically validated method for cancer treatment. It was previously revealed that concurrent targeting of angiogenic and death receptor signaling pathways by a multivalent DR5-specific cytokine TRAIL variant DR5-B genetically fused with the effector peptides, SRH-DR5-B-iRGD, enhances solid tumor suppression and prolongs survival. The SRH peptide is aimed at blocking the tumor neoangiogenesis by preventing activation of the VEGFR2 receptor, while the iRGD peptide interferes with the activation of integrin αβ, and enhances the tumor penetration.

Assessing an eHealth Intervention on Quality of Life in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes: The MyPal Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The MyPal study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04370457) is a randomized controlled clinical trial assessing an eHealth intervention on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

Methods: Patients who were receiving or had previously received treatment for CLL or MDS were randomly assigned (1:1) to access the MyPal digital health platform versus standard of care.

European guideline informed RAG-based GPT-4 decision support tool in tumor board meetings for breast cancer treatment.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Treatment decision-making in multidisciplinary tumor boards is complex, involving integration of clinical guidelines, patient data, and preferences. We retrospectively evaluated MammaBoardGPT, an few-shot in-context learning and Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) enhanced GPT-4 model with European guidelines and five Tumor Board labeled cases, against standard GPT-4 in 25 breast cancer cases discussed at a German hospital.

The relationship between interoception of breathing, anxiety, and resting-state functional connectivity in the brain.

Impaired breathing-related interoceptive abilities have been associated with adverse outcomes, including higher levels of anxiety. However, brain connectivity patterns related to poor interoception, and how these may be modulated by anxiety, are poorly understood. This exploratory study investigated connectivity profiles associated with breathing-related interoceptive abilities in 65 volunteers who underwent ultrahigh-field (7 Tesla) "resting-state" magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), as well as completed a breathing-related interoceptive task and an anxiety questionnaire.

WITHDRAWN: Human Applications of Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation: A Systematic Review.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor due to an error in the publishing process. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.

Multiphysics modelling enhanced by imaging and artificial intelligence for personalised cancer nanomedicine: Foundations for clinical digital twins.

Nano-sized drug delivery systems have emerged as a more effective, versatile means for improving cancer treatment. However, the complexity of drug delivery to cancer involves intricate interactions between physiological and physicochemical processes across various temporal and spatial scales. Relying solely on experimental methods for developing and clinically translating nano-sized drug delivery systems is economically unfeasible.

Optimizing image fidelity in a spherical array geometry for pulse-echo ultrasound and volumetric optoacoustic imaging.

Spherical arrays are commonly used in volumetric optoacoustic tomography for optimal data acquisition. Yet, such a configuration poses challenges for integration with pulse-echo ultrasound used for image guidance, which relies on different signal acquisition and image formation strategies. A potential solution entails the incorporation of linear array segments into the spherical array to enable hybrid 3D optoacoustic and 2D ultrasound (OPUS) modes.

Calcium-dependent regulation of physiological vs pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

Cardiomyocyte hypertrophic growth contributes to the adaptative response of the heart to meet sustained increases in hemodynamic demand. While hypertrophic responses to physiological cues maintains or enhances cardiac function, when triggered by pathological cues, this response is maladaptive, associated with compromised heart function, although initially, this response maybe adaptive with preserved function. Since cues and activated pathways associated with both forms of hypertrophy overlap, the question arises as to the mechanism that determines these different outcomes.

Effect of ultrasound-microbubble exposure on acute myeloid leukemia cancer cell proteome.

The application of ultrasound in combination with microbubbles (USMB) induces a broad spectrum of bioeffects on cells including plasma membrane disruption, cytoskeleton rearrangement, influx/efflux of cytosolic/extracellular molecules, metabolic stress and signalling pathways. This study investigated the effect of USMB on cell proteomics in human acute myeloid leukemia cells. Cells (OCI-AML-5) in suspension were exposed to ultrasound (f = 1 MHz, PD = 20 μs and PRP = 1 ms for 120 s) with and without microbubbles (Definity at 1.

High-Quality In Vivo Chemical Probes for Protein Kinases Disclosed in 2024.

Protein kinases are highly relevant drug targets, yet a significant fraction of the human kinome remains underexplored. Highly potent and selective small-molecule inhibitors used as chemical probes are invaluable tools for enabling the validation and translation of new kinase targets. This review provides an overview and analysis of the high-quality in vivo chemical probes for protein kinases published and deposited at the Chemical Probes Portal in the year 2024.

Combining video telemetry and wearable MEG for naturalistic imaging.

Neuroimaging studies have typically relied on rigorously controlled experimental paradigms to probe cognition, in which movement is restricted, primitive, an afterthought or merely used to indicate a subject's choice. Whilst powerful, these paradigms do not often resemble how we behave in everyday life, so a new generation of ecologically valid experiments are being developed. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures neural activity by sensing extracranial magnetic fields.

Water, Collagen, and Lipid Content in the Human Skin and Muscles Assessed with Near-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy and Multi-Spectral Optoacoustic Tomography.

Infrared spectroscopy can quantify individual body components such as lipids, water, and proteins, but extending it to a comprehensive assessment of overall body composition is hampered by high variability and optical heterogeneity of biological tissues. Here, a theoretical and experimental strategy merging multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is introduced to characterize skin and subcutaneous tissue composition in the near-infrared range. Water, lipids, and collagen exhibit distinct absorption peaks, with lipids demonstrating significantly higher absorption than collagen at comparable mass concentrations.

Zinc-Doped Black Phosphorus Nanosheets Integrated into Janus Stratified Structural Hydrogel for Vascularized Bone Regeneration.

Bone tissue regeneration is a dynamic process in which osteogenesis and angiogenesis are closely linked. Vascular reconstruction and invasion have positive significance in restoring blood supply and remodeling of bone formation. For different types of bone defects, previous studies tended to focus on the formation of bone tissue, but neglected the regeneration and reconstruction of blood vessels.