Influence of Carbon on the Microstructure Evolution and Hardness of Fe-13Cr-xC (x = 0-0.7 wt.%) Stainless Steel.

The influence of carbon on the phase transformation behavior of stainless steels with the base chemical composition Fe-13Cr (wt.%), and carbon concentrations in the range of 0-0.7 wt.

Application of a GA-Optimized NNARX controller to nonlinear chemical and biochemical processes.

Chemical and biochemical processes generally suffer from extreme nonlinearities with respect to internal states, manipulated variables, and also disturbances. These processes have always received special technical and scientific attention due to their importance as the means of large-scale production of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and biologically active agents. In this work, a general-purpose genetic algorithm (GA)-optimized neural network (NNARX) controller is introduced, which offers a very simple but efficient design.

Characteristics of SARS-CoV2 that may be useful for nanoparticle pulmonary drug delivery.

As a non-invasive method of local and systemic drug delivery, the administration of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) the pulmonary route represents an ideal approach for the therapeutic treatment of pulmonary diseases. The pulmonary route provides a number of advantages, including the rapid absorption which results from a high level of vascularisation over a large surface area and the successful avoidance of first-pass metabolism. Aerosolization of nanoparticles (NPs) is presently under extensive investigation and exhibits a high potential for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide range of diseases.

Prediction of Multiple sclerosis disease using machine learning classifiers: a comparative study.

Introduction: Hamedan Province is one of Iran's high-risk regions for Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Early diagnosis of MS based on an accurate system can control the disease. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of four machine learning techniques with traditional methods for predicting MS patients.

Negative differential resistance, rectification, tunable peak-current position and switching effects in an alanine-based molecular device.

The transport properties of a molecular bio-electronic device based on the alanine amino-acid are investigated. The considered device consists of an alanine molecule as the central potential-dot coupled to two zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) conducting electrodes. The current-voltage characteristics of this dual tunnelling molecular junction are studied at two different optimised compositions of the central molecule.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Antibody-Antigen Interactions with Graphene-Based Nanomechanical Resonator Sensors.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging human infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Early diagnosis is essential to reducing the transmission rate and mortality of COVID-19. PCR-based tests are the gold standard for the confirmation of COVID-19, but immunological tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection are widely available and play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis of COVID-19.

Structural, electrical and optical properties of bilayer SiX (X = N, P, As and Sb).

In this work, the structural, electrical, and optical properties of bilayer SiX (X= N, P, As, and Sb) are studied using density functional theory. Five different stacking orders are considered for every compound and their structural properties are presented. The band structure of these materials demonstrates that they are indirect semiconductors.

Finite-difference based response surface methodology to optimize tailgate support systems in longwall coal mining.

Designing a suitable support system is of great importance in longwall mining to ensure the safe and stable working conditions over the entire life of the mine. In high-speed mechanized longwall mining, the most vulnerable zones to failure are roof strata in the vicinity of the tailgate roadway and T-junctions. Severe roof displacements are occurred in the tailgate roadway due to the high-stress concentrations around the exposed roof span.

The electrical and spin properties of monolayer and bilayer Janus HfSSe under vertical electrical field.

In this paper, the electrical and spin properties of mono- and bilayer HfSSe in the presence of a vertical electric field are studied. The density functional theory is used to investigate their properties. Fifteen different stacking orders of bilayer HfSSe are considered.

Investigating climatic changes of the wind regime over Western Iran.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to reveal changes in the wind regime by investigating wind-speed data from meteorological stations in western Iran and comparing them in the last three decades (1986-2015).

Results: Two main groups of daily cycles were identified; one group with a single peak and one group with two or more peaks. Using spectral decomposition technique, it was revealed that the heterogeneity observed in the area in terms of altitude and topography results in differences in the density of the spectra with similar frequencies.

Purification of the leaching solution of recycling zinc from the hazardous electric arc furnace dust through an as-bearing jarosite.

Leaching of the hazardous electric arc furnace (EAF) dust containing mainly zinc ferrite and zinc oxide, accompanied by minor concentrations of arsenic compounds, was investigated using sulfuric acid. In order to reach the maximum recovery of zinc, the leaching solution was adjusted to recover both iron and zinc at their maximum possible values. To obtain a high recovery value of zinc and iron, analyzed by AAS, the optimum leaching condition was found to be the temperature of 90 °C, the sulfuric acid concentration of 3 M, the particle size of 75 μm, the S/L ratio of 1:10 g/mL and the leaching time of 2 h.

Landmark Prediction of Survival for Breast Cancer Patients: A Case Study in Tehran, Iran.

Background: Breast cancer is the first non-cutaneous malignancy in women and the second cause of death due to cancer all over the world. There are situations where researchers are interested in dynamic prediction of survival of patients where traditional models might fail to achieve this goal. We aimed to use a dynamic prediction model in analyzing survival of breast cancer patients.

A general method to generate artificial spike train populations matching recorded neurons.

We developed a general method to generate populations of artificial spike trains (ASTs) that match the statistics of recorded neurons. The method is based on computing a Gaussian local rate function of the recorded spike trains, which results in rate templates from which ASTs are drawn as gamma distributed processes with a refractory period. Multiple instances of spike trains can be sampled from the same rate templates.

Random effect exponentiated-exponential geometric model for clustered/longitudinal zero-inflated count data.

For count responses, there are situations in biomedical and sociological applications in which extra zeroes occur. Modeling correlated (e.g.

Nanomaterial and advanced technologies in transdermal drug delivery.

Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) is an alternative method of drug administration for drugs whose delivery by conventional oral, topical, intravenous and intramuscular methods is of limited efficacy. Recent advances in TDD involve the use of nanoparticles (NPs), which exhibit a great potential to enhance drug permeation across the skin. NPs can also provide controlled release, the ability to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs and reduce side effects, and when used in a TDD method they are also non-invasive.

Small-sized probe for local measuring electrical properties of the tissues inside of human body: design, modelling and simulation.

In this study, a new idea is suggested for designing an appropriate bio-impedance probe in the form of a biopsy forceps to measure the electrical properties of the tissues inside the body. First, by analytically solving the Laplace equation for wedge-shaped tissue in the mouth of the probe, the relationship between electric potential (results from excitation current) in a different point on the tissue and the electrical properties of the tissue is obtained. Then, to evaluate the designed bio-impedance probe using the finite element method and the experimental data obtained for different tissues by Gabriel , modelling and simulation at different frequencies from 50 Hz to 5 MHz were done.

Active Targeting Towards and Inside the Brain based on Nanoparticles: A Review.

Background: Treatment of neurological diseases using systemic and non-surgical techniques presents a significant challenge in medicine. This challenge is chiefly associated with the condensation and coherence of the brain tissue.

Methods: The coherence structure of the brain is due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which consists of a continuous layer of capillary endothelial cells.

Calculation of specific absorption rate (SAR) in human brain neurons using complex permittivity.

The effect of the external electromagnetic radiation on the human brain has been investigated by the numerical calculation of the frequency-dependent complex permittivity. Using the Hodgkin-Huxley neuron model, an analytical method for the calculation of the electromagnetic power absorption in the brain neurons is proposed based on the complex permittivity of neuron membranes. The effect of the human head is considered through the calculation of forward and backward travelling electromagnetic waves.

Electrocardiogram signal generation using electrical model of cardiac cell: application in cardiac ischemia.

One of the most common causes of heart failure is ischaemia. In this disease, the heart muscles die due to the lack or insufficiency of the blood in the cardiac veins. As a result of such a phenomenon, the action potential in that part of the heart would fade.

A comparison of three data mining time series models in prediction of monthly brucellosis surveillance data.

The early and accurately detection of brucellosis incidence change is of great importance for implementing brucellosis prevention strategic health planning. The present study investigated and compared the performance of the three data mining techniques, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM) and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARSs), in time series modelling and predicting of monthly brucellosis data from 2005 (March/April) to 2017 (February/March) extracted from a national public health surveillance system in Hamadan located in west of Iran. The performances were compared based on the root mean square errors, mean absolute errors, determination coefficient (R ) and intraclass correlation coefficient criteria.

An Electrical Model of Hydrocephalus Shunt Incorporating the CSF Dynamics.

The accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in brain ventricles and subarachnoid space is known as hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is a result of disturbances in the secretion or absorption process of CSF. A hydrocephalus shunt is an effective method for the treatment of hydrocephalus.

Comparative evaluation of time series models for predicting influenza outbreaks: application of influenza-like illness data from sentinel sites of healthcare centers in Iran.

Objective: Forecasting the time of future outbreaks would minimize the impact of diseases by taking preventive steps including public health messaging and raising awareness of clinicians for timely treatment and diagnosis. The present study investigated the accuracy of support vector machine, artificial neural-network, and random-forest time series models in influenza like illness (ILI) modeling and outbreaks detection. The models were applied to a data set of weekly ILI frequencies in Iran.

The Effect of Fine and Coarse Recycled Aggregates on Fresh and Mechanical Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete.

Today, the use of recycled aggregates as a substitute for a part of the natural aggregates in concrete production is increasing. This approach is essential because the resources for natural aggregates are decreasing in the world. In the present study, the effects of recycled concrete aggregates as a partial replacement for fine (by 50%) and coarse aggregates (by 100%) were examined in the self-compacting concrete mixtures which contain air-entraining agents and silica fumes.

Adaptive fractional-order blood glucose regulator based on high-order sliding mode observer.

Type I diabetes is described by the destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreas. Hence, exogenous insulin administration is necessary for Type I diabetes patients. In this study, to estimate the states that are not directly available from the Bergman minimal model a high-order sliding mode observer is proposed.

Continuous Monitoring of pH and Blood Gases Using Ion-Sensitive and Gas-Sensitive Field Effect Transistors Operating in the Amperometric Mode in Presence of Drift.

Accurate and cost-effective integrated sensor systems for continuous monitoring of pH and blood gases continue to be in high demand. The capacity of ion-selective and Gas-sensitive field effect transistors (FETs) to serve as low-power sensors for accurate continuous monitoring of pH and blood gases is evaluated in the amperometric or current mode of operation. A stand-alone current-mode topology is employed in which a constant bias is applied to the gate with the drain current serving as the measuring signal.