A body-brain (dis)equilibrium regulating transitions from health to pathology.

Recent empirical evidence and theoretical propositions motivate a paradigm shift in how we investigate neurocognitive functions. Rather than looking at the brain-behaviour relationship in isolation, research shows that cognition is shaped by reciprocal, dynamical interactions between the brain and the body across multiple timescales: from ultra-slow circadian rhythm to gastrointestinal and cardiorespiratory activity. This interest in body-brain-behaviour dynamics has raised new questions about if and how autonomic functioning, the coordination of intero- and exteroception, lifestyle and dietary choices, gut microbiome composition, hormonal cycles, and inflammation can impact behaviour, general health and well-being.

Individual neurophysiological signatures of spontaneous rhythm processing.

When sensory input conveys rhythmic regularity, we can form predictions about the timing of upcoming events. Although rhythm processing capacities differ considerably between individuals, these differences are often obscured by participant- and trial-level data averaging procedures in M/EEG research. Here, we systematically assessed neurophysiological variability displayed by individuals listening to isochronous (1.

Cognition through the lens of a body-brain dynamic system.

Continuous interactions between physiological body-brain rhythms influence how individuals act, perceive, and evaluate their environment. Despite increasing interest, the intricate interface between breathing, cardiac, neural rhythms, and cognitive function remains poorly understood. By evaluating current theoretical and empirical implications, we derive an integrative framework of a 'body-brain dynamic system' that combines a hidden hierarchical structure with dynamical state transitions.

Human larynx motor cortices coordinate respiration for vocal-motor control.

Vocal flexibility is a hallmark of the human species, most particularly the capacity to speak and sing. This ability is supported in part by the evolution of a direct neural pathway linking the motor cortex to the brainstem nucleus that controls the larynx the primary sound source for communication. Early brain imaging studies demonstrated that larynx motor cortex at the dorsal end of the orofacial division of motor cortex (dLMC) integrated laryngeal and respiratory control, thereby coordinating two major muscular systems that are necessary for vocalization.

Interaction of emotion and cognitive control along the psychosis continuum: A critical review.

To better understand how emotion impacts cognitive control is important as both influence adaptive behavior in complex real-life situations. Performance changes in emotion and cognitive control as well as in their interaction are often described in psychotic patients as well as in non-clinical participants who experience psychosis-like symptoms. These changes are linked to low motivation and limited social interaction.

Test-retest reliability of the Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities (BAASTA).

Perceptual and sensorimotor timing skills can be thoroughly assessed with the Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities (BAASTA). The battery has been used for testing rhythmic skills in healthy adults and patient populations (e.g.

Contributions of cerebellar event-based temporal processing and preparatory function to speech perception.

The role of the cerebellum in the anatomical and functional architecture of the brain is a matter of ongoing debate. We propose that cerebellar temporal processing contributes to speech perception on a number of accounts: temporally precise cerebellar encoding and rapid transmission of an event-based representation of the temporal structure of the speech signal serves to prepare areas in the cerebral cortex for the subsequent perceptual integration of sensory information. As speech dynamically evolves in time this fundamental preparatory function may extend its scope to the predictive allocation of attention in time and supports the fine-tuning of temporally specific models of the environment.