Tender x-ray microfocus beamline employing a combined double crystal/multilayer grating monochromator.

A new x-ray beamline at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt laboratory at BESSY II provides monochromatized radiation in the energy range from 1 to 10 keV, with a typical focus size of 20 μm. It is not only optimized for high-resolution x-ray spectrometry and microscopy but also enables scattering experiments and radiometric measurements. The innovative monochromator consists of a plane grating monochromator module equipped with multilayer-coated blazed gratings for x-ray energies up to 4 keV and an integrated double-crystal monochromator module equipped with silicon (111) crystals for x-ray energies ranging from 2.

Rapid detection of carbapenemases in multiresistant Gram-negative strains: evaluation of two tests.

Carbapenem-resistant organisms (CRO) have rapidly spread worldwide in recent years, posing a significant challenge to both human health and healthcare systems. Timely and accurate detection of CRO, especially carbapenemase-producing and non-fermenters, is crucial for clinical prevention and treatment of these infections. In the present study, we subjected more than 114 multidrug-resistant Gram-negative and non-fermenters to two tests for the timely detection of carbapenemases.

Myopathology and Immune Profile of Granulomatous Myositis in Sarcoid Myopathy.

Aims: Sarcoid myopathy (SaM) is characterised by granulomatous myositis (GM) and can overlap with inclusion body myositis (IBM), a late-onset chronic idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with a still enigmatic pathogenesis. As GM can occur in different clinical contexts, we aimed to examine the histomorphologic features and gene expression profiles in cases of definite SaM that may inform diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.

Methods: We performed a multidimensional characterisation of muscle biopsy specimens from patients with 'pure SaM' (n=17), SaM with concomitant IBM (SaM-IBM) (n=2), including histopathologic and ultrastructural analysis in addition to quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Multiplexed Fluorescent Microarrays on MIL-101(Cr) Thin Films as Luminescent Probes for pH and Disease-Associated Molecules.

Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown high potential in the field of sensing. However, fluorescent-based detection with MOFs in solution needs complex pre-treatments and has stability issues, complicating measurements and handling for sensing applications. Here, an easy-to-handle and low-cost strategy is introduced to convert MOF-based sensing from solution to surface using scanning probe lithography.

Exploring the Effect of Anion Substitution on the Solid Ionic Conductor NaTaCl.

Isovalent anion substitution has been shown to have a tremendous effect on the transport properties in lithium halide solid ionic conductors. Although sodium-ion solid state batteries based on chloride ionic conductors have recently gathered significant attention, investigations of anion substitution in sodium containing chlorides remain scarce. Here, we investigate the role of Br isoelectronic anion substitution in a perovskite-related compound with nominal composition of NaTaCl.

Barriers and opportunities for a complementary medicine advisory network in pediatric oncology: perspectives from german experts.

Complementary medicine (CM) is commonly used by parents of pediatric cancer patients alongside conventional treatment, yet pediatric oncologists often feel inadequately trained to advise on CM. A collaborative project led by Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Herdecke, integrated into inpatient pediatric cancer care in four centers in Germany in the Rhine-Ruhr Region, provides CM consultations and training for pediatric oncology teams. This study aimed to identify barriers perceived by healthcare professionals regarding the implementation of a CM advisory network for parents and assess their training needs.

Spectral Photon-Counting Detector Coronary CTA With Reduced Radiation and Contrast Media Doses in Inflammation-Associated Coronary Artery Disease: A Prospective Study.

Patients with inflammation-associated coronary artery disease (CAD) may exhibit rapid progression and require regular coronary imaging. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of spectral photon-counting detector (PCD) coronary CTA with reduced radiation and contrast media doses for detecting coronary stenosis and in-stent restenosis in patients with inflammation-associated CAD. This prospective study enrolled patients with inflammation-associated CAD from January 2023 to March 2024.

Aerobic Exercise Enhances the Impact of Cognitive Training on Positive Symptoms After a First Episode of Schizophrenia.

We examined the effects of combining cognitive training plus aerobic exercise versus cognitive training alone on positive symptoms in recent-onset schizophrenia patients. Sixty-eight participants were randomly assigned to Cognitive Training plus Exercise (CT&E,  = 37) or Cognitive Training alone (CT,  = 31). All participants were also randomly assigned to either oral risperidone or paliperidone palmitate (PP1M) in a concurrent antipsychotic medication study.

A New Family of Ternary Intermetallic Compounds with Dualistic Atomic Ordering - The ZIP Phases.

A new family of nanostructured ternary intermetallic compounds - named the ZIP phases - is introduced in this work. The ZIP phases exhibit dualistic atomic ordering, i.e.

Antifungal Prescribing in European Pediatric Intensive Care Units: Results of a multinational 3-month weekly point-prevalence survey.

Background: Critically ill pediatric patients admitted to the PICU are highly vulnerable to infections, including invasive fungal diseases and antifungal agents are frequently prescribed. Little is known about antifungal usage in PICUs across Europe.

Methods: A multinational 3-month weekly point-prevalence study for measuring antifungal drug use was organized.

Boosting POM-Ionosolv Biorefining of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Using Redox-Balanced Polyoxometalate Catalysts in Methanolic Ionic Liquid Reaction Media.

This article presents an advanced iteration of the polyoxometalate (POM)-Ionosolv concept to generate biobased methyl formate in high yield and a bleached cellulose pulp from lignocellulosic biomass in a single-step operation by using redox-balanced POM catalysts and molecular oxygen in alcoholic ionic liquid (IL) mixtures. The performance of the three Ionosolv-ILs triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([TEA][HSO]), N,N-dimethylbutylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([DMBA][HSO4]), and tributylmethylphosphonium methyl sulfate ([TBMP][MeSO]), mixed with methanol (MeOH) (30/70 wt%), is evaluated by methyl formate yield from extracted hemicellulose and lignin as well as purity of the bleached cellulose pulp in the presence of various Keggin-type POMs. The redox-balanced HPVMnMoO POM catalyst in [TBMP][MeSO]/MeOH emerge as the most effective combination, achieving 20% methyl formate yield from commercial beech wood.

Elucidating the Structure and the Impact of Synthesis Methods on the Flexibility of the Metal-Organic Framework MIL-88 A (Fe) During Water Capture.

Flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a new generation of porous materials and are considered for various applications such as sensing, water or gas capture, and water purification. MIL-88 A (Fe) is one of the earliest and most researched flexible MOFs, but to date, there is a lack in the structural aspects that govern its dynamic behaviour. Here, we report the first crystal structure of DMF-solvated MIL-88 A and investigate the impact of real structure effects on the dynamic behaviour of MIL-88 A (Fe), particularly upon water adsorption.

Plasma-Tunable Metasurfaces for SERS Nanosensing of Hazardous Chemicals.

The demand for rapid, field-deployable detection of hazardous substances has intensified the search for plasmonic sensors with both high sensitivity and fabrication simplicity. Conventional approaches to plasmonic substrates, however, often rely on lithographic precision or complex chemistries limiting scalability and reproducibility. Here, a facile, one-step synthesis of vertically aligned 2D nanosheets composed of intergrown CuO/CuO crystallites is presented, fabricated via oxygen plasma discharge on copper substrates.

Multiomics Comparison of Proline-Rich Peptide-Enhanced Hyaluronic Acid Gels Versus Conventional Regenerative Materials: An Early Wound-Healing Model.

Aims: To compare the early wound-healing responses to crosslinked hyaluronic acid enriched with two proline-rich peptides (P2, P6) against unmodified hyaluronic acid and the enamel-matrix derivative (EMD) in a porcine gingival-detachment model.

Methods: In six pigs, defects around premolars were treated with HA, HA + P2, HA + P6 or EMD. After 6 days, the sites were harvested and evaluated using histology, immunohistochemistry, multiplex cytokine assay and untargeted proteomics of the gels, which were examined, informing an integrated multiomics approach analysis.

An update on practice patterns of North American and European veterinary neurology and surgery specialists for surgical management of acute canine thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion.

Objectives: A thorough understanding of common practice patterns in a particular specialty can help identify and design new interventions to improve care delivery and access to care. The goals of this study were to document current practice patterns among veterinary "neurologists" and small animal "surgeons" in the surgical management of acute canine thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion, to compare approaches between these two groups and to discuss current results compared to those published in 2016.

Materials And Methods: A web-based survey was distributed in October 2024 to collect responses from board-certified and regionally recognised neurology and surgery specialists in North America and Europe.

Unraveling psychosis risk in sexual minorities: temporal dynamics of social defeat and suspiciousness in adolescence.

Background: Previous research suggests that sexual minorities are at higher risk for psychotic experiences, possibly due to repeated social defeat experiences. However, empirical research investigating this hypothesis is largely lacking. This study examined how experiences of "feeling excluded" and "not belonging" impact the prospective development of psychotic experiences in an adolescent sexual minority group, defined here as non-heterosexual attraction to others.

Microautophagy: definition, classification, and the complexity of the underlying mechanisms.

Recently, rapid progress in the field of microautophagy (MI-autophagy) revealed the existence of multiple subtypes that differ in both intracellular membrane dynamics and molecular mechanisms. As a result, a single umbrella term "microautophagy" has become too vague, even creating some confusion among researchers both within and outside the field. We herein describe different subtypes of MI-autophagic processes and propose a systematic approach for naming them more accurately.

Patterns and Processes of Genomic Evolution Inferred From the Ten Smallest Vertebrate Genomes.

Pufferfish exhibit the smallest vertebrate genomes, making them ideal models for investigating evolutionary patterns and processes that affect genome size. While the Takifugu rubripes genome was fully sequenced two decades ago, key evolutionary drivers remain elusive. We sequenced 10 pufferfish genomes and generated 35 transcriptomes and 13 methylomes to understand genomic evolutionary mechanisms.

Familial Alzheimer's disease mutation identifies novel role of SORLA in release of neurotrophic exosomes.

Introduction: Mutations in SORL1, encoding the sorting receptor Sortilin-related receptor with A-type repeats (SORLA), are found in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We studied SORLA, carrying a mutation in its ligand binding domain, to learn more about receptor functions relevant for human brain health.

Methods: We investigated consequences of SORLA expression in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human neurons and microglia, using unbiased proteome screens and functional cell assays.

Overcoming gaps and barriers to effectively integrate social science in European conservation.

The importance of social science to address the human dimensions of natural resource management is increasingly recognized in the conservation field, yet the application of associated concepts, theories, methods, and data remains underrepresented in parts of Europe. Common barriers and gaps, persistent over decades, including institutional constraints, work environment, different cultures and languages between natural and social science disciplines, lack of qualified personnel, and an accessible professional community, are often cited as underlying and driving factors. To better understand, contextualize, and inform solutions for wider use of social science, we analyzed interactions with conservation researchers and practitioners across a series of organized events from 2018 to 2023 (e.

Tribenzoylarsine - A Benign Arsenic Precursor for InAs Nanocrystals.

III-V semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have emerged as a benign alternative to II-VI and IV-VI NCs, which are restricted due to the toxicity of the comprising elements. While InP NCs advanced significantly, the development of infrared-emitting InAs NCs has been relatively slow-paced. This is due to the synthetic challenges arising from the highly covalent bonding in InAs and the limited range of available arsenic sources.

Models of care for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.

Background: In order to improve the outcomes of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), access to and quality of comprehensive acute and chronic care services in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) must be improved.

Objectives: To identify and summarise the characteristics of models of care for T1DM in children and adolescents in LMIC.

Search Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Index Medicus from inception to 11 December 2023 without restrictions.

Electrochemical Dehydration Reaction.

Electrochemical dehydration reaction is a fascinating and underexplored field of research, which has started to attract significant attention in recent years. Dehydration reactions are characterized by the formal removal of water in the course of the transformation, and they are among the most fundamental types of reactions found throughout chemistry. Examples are esterification reactions, amidation reactions, and the synthesis of carbon-heteroatom multiple bonds.

Indication for biologics in a real-world cohort of dupilumab treated chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients according to international recommendations: evidence from the European CRS Outcome Registry (CHRINOSOR).

Background: Criteria for biologic treatment of uncontrolled severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) differ across international recommendations and prescription of biologics depends on national reimbursement criteria. CHRINOSOR offers an opportunity to analyse biologic indications in the real-world setting according to international recommendations.

Methods: CRSwNP patients who received dupilumab treatment in the ENT clinic of 6 tertiary centres (5 countries) were included.