3D transcranial ultrasound localization microscopy in awake mice: protocol and open-source pipeline.

We present an open-source code for 3D super-resolution ultrasound imaging. Open-3DULM was applied to transcranial imaging in habituated awake mice. Comparative analysis reveals that isoflurane anesthesia induces significant vasodilation and increased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in veins, while only a subset of arteries exhibits these effects compared to the awake state.

Super-resolution Ultrasound Imaging.

The majority of exchanges of oxygen and nutrients are performed around vessels smaller than 100 μm, allowing cells to thrive everywhere in the body. Pathologies such as cancer, diabetes and arteriosclerosis can profoundly alter the microvasculature. Unfortunately, medical imaging modalities only provide indirect observation at this scale.