Indications for haematopoietic cell transplantation and CAR-T for haematological diseases, solid tumours and immune disorders: 2025 EBMT practice recommendations.

For over two decades, the EBMT has updated recommendations on indications for haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) practice based on clinical and scientific developments in the field. This is the ninth special EBMT report on indications for HCT for haematological diseases, solid tumours and immune disorders. Our aim is to provide guidance on HCT indications according to prevailing clinical practice in EBMT countries and centres.

Cellular pan-chain acyl-CoA profiling reveals SLC25A42/SLC25A16 in mitochondrial CoA import and metabolism.

The essential cofactor coenzyme A (CoASH) and its thioester derivatives (acyl-CoAs) have pivotal roles in cellular metabolism. However, the mechanism by which different acyl-CoAs are accurately partitioned into different subcellular compartments to support site-specific reactions, and the physiological impact of such compartmentalization, remain poorly understood. Here, we report an optimized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based pan-chain acyl-CoA extraction and profiling method that enables a robust detection of 33 cellular and 23 mitochondrial acyl-CoAs from cultured human cells.

Strategies for Tailoring Patient-Centered Technologies Across the Cancer Continuum: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Background: In the United States, cancer is more prevalent in racial and ethnic minority groups and in rural-dwelling and low-income people. Compared with White people of non-Hispanic descent, Black and African American people have higher cancer mortality and Hispanic people are more likely to be diagnosed with infection-related cancers. In addition, people who live in persistent poverty areas are more vulnerable to cancer mortality.

Pan-carcinoma sialyl-Tn-targeting expands CAR therapy to solid tumors.

Accurate identification of tumor-specific markers is vital for developing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based therapies. While cell surface antigens are seldom cancer-restricted, their post-translational modifications (PTMs), particularly aberrant carbohydrate structures, offer attractive alternatives. Among these, the sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen stands out for its prevalent presence in various epithelial tumors.

Defining breast epithelial cell types in the single-cell era.

Single-cell studies on breast tissue have contributed to a change in our understanding of breast epithelial diversity that has, in turn, precipitated a lack of consensus on breast cell types. The confusion surrounding this issue highlights a possible challenge for advancing breast atlas efforts. In this perspective, we present our consensus on the identities, properties, and naming conventions for breast epithelial cell types and propose goals for future atlas endeavors.

Protocol for constructing an accessible exposure chamber for in vitro and in vivo modeling of airway environmental exposures.

Exposure systems to study the effects of environmental exposures can be costly to purchase and difficult to use. Here, we present an accessible and cost-effective approach to building an exposure chamber in the lab. We describe steps for constructing the exposure system and writing the code to run it and simple instructions for experiments using the system.

NOTCH3 drives fatty acid oxidation and ferroptosis resistance in aggressive meningiomas.

Purpose: NOTCH3 is increasingly implicated for its oncogenic role in many malignancies, including meningiomas. While prior work has linked NOTCH3 expression to higher-grade meningiomas and treatment resistance, the metabolic phenotype of NOTCH3 activation remains unexplored in meningioma.

Methods: We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on NOTCH3 + human meningioma cell lines.

Alcohol and tobacco use among sexual and gender minority cancer survivors in relation to urbanicity/rurality.

Purpose: Understanding how place of residence affects cancer-related health risks is paramount to addressing health disparities in sexual and gender minority (SGM) cancer survivors. This study examined the associations between urbanicity and other social drivers of health on current tobacco and alcohol use in SGM cancer survivors.

Methods: The OUT: National Cancer Survey Study was a cross-sectional, online survey created by the National LGBT Cancer Network (NLCN) from September 2020 to March 2021, targeting U.

Modern approaches to radiotherapy in primary cutaneous lymphomas: insights and recommendations from the DEGRO dermato-oncology working group.

The growing use of reduced-dose radiotherapy in patients with primary cutaneous lymphoma is a promising development. Nevertheless, the absence of controlled clinical trials to ascertain standardized doses for each specific type constitutes a significant impediment to the advancement of this field. This expert opinion strongly advocates for advancements in radiation oncology practice that address the unique complexities of primary cutaneous lymphoma.

Comorbidities among American Indian and Alaska Native People with Cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare Study.

Background: Comorbidities may affect incidence and management of cancers. The burden of comorbidities among AIAN cancer patients and survivors is unknown.

Methods: Using SEER-Medicare, we identified AIAN people aged 66+ years diagnosed with female breast, lung, and colorectal cancers (2000-2019), with at least one year of Medicare coverage prior to diagnosis.

Enhanced Versus Standard Dermatologic Management With Amivantamab-Lazertinib in EGFR-Mutated Advanced NSCLC: The COCOON Global Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Amivantamab plus lazertinib significantly improved progression-free and overall survival versus osimertinib in patients with previously untreated, EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC. EGFR-targeted therapies are associated with dermatologic adverse events (AEs), which can affect quality of life (QoL). COCOON was conducted to assess prophylactic management and improve treatment experience.

Real-world outcomes of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer: Predictors of surgery, pathologic complete response, and event-free survival.

Background: Trials of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (chemoIO) have changed the standard of care for resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study characterizes the outcomes of off-trial patients who received treatment with neoadjuvant chemoIO.

Methods: The authors analyzed records of patients with stage IB-III NSCLC who received neoadjuvant chemoIO with an intent to proceed to surgical resection at three US academic institutions.

Novel Grm6 Variant in a no b-wave (nob) Mouse Model: Phenotype Characterization and Gene Therapy.

Purpose: To characterize a no b-wave (nob) mouse model of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) caused by a Grm6 variant that disrupts photoreceptor-to-bipolar cell signaling. Additionally, we aim to evaluate the efficacy of gene therapy in restoring visual function.

Methods: The nob mouse was generated through selective breeding to regenerate the nob phenotype.

Sparking malignancy: nicotine as a driver of stemness and metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2, and remains one of the most aggressive and therapeutically challenging breast cancer subtypes, marked by early relapse, metastasis, and limited targeted treatment options. In a recent study published in The Journal of Pathology, Kuo et al provide compelling evidence that nicotine exposure, whether from tobacco smoke or e-cigarette vapor, drives TNBC progression by promoting stem-like and metastatic phenotypes. Integrating clinical datasets, patient tissues, cell lines, and in vivo models, the authors demonstrate that nicotine enhances tumor aggressiveness via coordinated upregulation of CHRNA9 and IGF1R.

Intestinal epithelial Ceacam1 deficiency prevents steroid-refractory acute gut graft-versus-host disease.

Steroid-refractory gut acute graft-versus-host disease (SR-Gut-aGVHD) is the major cause of nonrelapse death after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. High numbers of donor-type IL-22+ T cells, IL-22-dependent dysbiosis, and loss of antiinflammatory CX3CR1hi mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) play critical roles in SR-Gut-aGVHD pathogenesis. CEACAM1 on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is proposed to regulate bacterial translocation and subsequent immune responses in the intestine.

A single-institution outcome of bronchial valve placement for persistent air leak.

Objective: Persistent pulmonary air leak happens in a minority of patients with various thoracic pathologies. Spiration (Olympus America Inc.) bronchial valves (BVs) are approved by the Food and Drug Administration under Humanitarian Use Device status to treat persistent air leak after lung resection.

Hypothermal effects of cold anesthesia on the vitality and muscle quality of live Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis).

Crab encounters obstacles like elevated transportation expense and diminished survival rate. In the study, the effects of cold anesthesia (CA), including fast cooling (FC) and slow cooling (SC) anesthesia on the vitality state and muscle quality of Chinese mitten crab were researched. We found firstly that the CA dormancy temperature range of Chinese mitten crab was identified from -2 to 10 °C, and 7 °C was optimal.

Information and support for cancer patients and their relatives - evaluation of central contact point enquiries: a retrospective analysis.

Background: The Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich has established a central contact point for cancer patients and their caregivers, which is associated with a multidisciplinary supportive care center. The platform facilitates multifaceted enquiries about access to supportive care, second opinions and specialist care. The aim of this study was to investigate the utilization of the contact platform during a period of 31 months.

Gallbladder Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Diffuse β-hCG Expression: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Purpose: Gallbladder squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare subtype of gallbladder malignancy, comprising only 1-4% of cases. Ectopic expression of β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) has been described in various epithelial cancers and is associated with aggressive behavior. We report the first known case of gallbladder SCC with diffuse β-hCG expression and markedly elevated serum β-hCG levels, aiming to explore its clinicopathological implications and potential as a prognostic biomarker.

Cerebrospinal fluid draining lymphatics in health and disease: advances and controversies.

The meninges, consisting of the dura, arachnoid and pia mater that surround the brain and spinal cord, have been recognized from the earliest anatomical studies. First identified in 1787, lymphatic vessels in the dura are now receiving greater attention as their contribution to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) clearance in diverse neurological conditions is being investigated. New methods have increased the understanding of dural lymphatics, but much is still being learned about their heterogeneity, intracranial and extracranial connections, and factors that govern their functions and maintenance.

Perioperative nivolumab or nivolumab plus ipilimumab in resectable diffuse pleural mesothelioma: a phase 2 trial and ctDNA analyses.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is standard of care in advanced diffuse pleural mesothelioma (DPM), but its role in the perioperative management of DPM is unclear. In tandem, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) ultra-sensitive residual disease detection has shown promise in providing a molecular readout of ICB efficacy across resectable cancers. This phase 2 trial investigated neoadjuvant nivolumab and nivolumab/ipilimumab in resectable DPM along with tumor-informed liquid biopsy residual disease assessments.

Unravelling the genetics and epigenetics of the ageing tumour microenvironment in cancer.

Somatic mutations in several genes, including key oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes, are present from early life and can accumulate as an individual ages, indicating that the potential for cancer is present and growing throughout life. However, the risk of developing cancer rises sharply after 50-60 years of age, suggesting that the ability of these mutations to undergo clonal expansion and drive cancer development is dependent on the progressive changes in the epigenome and microenvironment that occur during ageing. Epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, can drive various hallmarks of ageing in precancerous cells, including induction of senescence, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, genomic instability and reduction of nuclear integrity, metabolic and inflammatory stress responses, stem cell function and differentiation potential, and redox balance.