Etiopathogenesis and Current Management of Oncogenic Pruritus - A Narrative Review.

Oncogenic pruritus or malignancy associated pruritus is an emerging cause of systemic pruritus in patients with malignancies. It is a debilitating condition and worsens the patient's quality of life, often interfering with their palliative care. Oncogenic pruritus can arise de-novo in such patients due to release of pruritogens and other inflammatory mediators from tumour cells into blood stream, or it may present as a component of paraneoplastic syndrome.

Prevalence of adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in patients of alcohol dependence syndrome: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are among the most common comorbid psychiatric disorders in patients with adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and adult ADHD is an independent risk factor for developing AUD.

Aim: To study the prevalence of adult ADHD in patients with Alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS).

Materials And Methods: In total, 177 cases of ADS diagnosed as per International Classification of Diseases-10, Diagnostic Criteria for Research (ICD-10, DCR) were included.

Pulmonary Vein PI, Cardiac Function and Remodeling in SGA Fetuses`.

Background: To investigate the myocardial performance index (MPI), global sphericity index (GSI) and pulmonary vein pulsatility index (PVPI) changes in FGR fetuses in an Indian population.

Method: In this prospective observational study, 70 fetuses from 26 weeks to term were recruited into two groups: 35 fetuses with appropriate growth (controls) and 35 with EFW < 10th centile, which were further classified into SGA ( = 14) and FGR ( = 21) based on vessel Doppler parameter (umbilical artery PI > 95th centile, CPR < 5th centile). PVPI, MPI and GSI were measured and compared among groups.

A Retroperitoneal Paraganglioma Presenting as Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.

Paragangliomas are catecholamine-secreting tumors arising from the sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia. Here, we describe a case in which a young man who had visited the emergency room complaining of headache and shortness of breath was later found to have acute coronary syndrome with accompanying cardio-pulmonary complications necessitating immediate cardiac intervention. Later on, during further management, he was diagnosed with a retroperitoneal paraganglioma.

Efficacy and Safety of Edaravone in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: It is Safe but Does Not Stop Progression.

Background: Edaravone is recommended for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) based on a study showing an effect on a defined subset of patients.

Aim: To document the effect of edaravone in a cohort of ALS patients from India to find out if, after starting edaravone, there is a plateau period or significant slowing from baseline to compare results with existing literature.

Methods: This was a single-center, prospective observational study with no control arm (due to ethical reasons).

Exploring Cell Population Data for the Diagnosis and Assessment of Severity in Sepsis: A Preliminary Report.

Background: Cell Population Data (CPD), derived from next-generation hematology analyzers, is emerging as a promising tool for diagnosis of early sepsis. This preliminary case-control study assessed the diagnostic utility of CPD and its association with sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores and procalcitonin levels in sepsis patients.

Methods: Seventy-two sepsis patients and 72 age- and sex-matched non-septic controls were enrolled.

A comparative analysis of Palbociclib and Ribociclib in metastatic hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer: a prospective mid term follow-Up study from an Indian cohort.

Introduction: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors, such as Palbociclib and Ribociclib, have significantly improved outcomes for patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced breast cancer. Although clinical trials have established the efficacy of these agents globally, real-world data from India is limited. This study compares the clinical effectiveness and safety profiles of Palbociclib and Ribociclib in a cohort of Indian patients.

Demography of brain stem death and factors leading to successful consent for organ donation.

Background: There is a widening gap between the patients requiring transplants in proportion to the availability of organs donated. After brain stem death (BSD), counselling for consent is mandatory and if successful, and viable organs are recovered. A low consent rate for donation results in failed donation in a number of potential donors.

To assess fall risk in the elderly OPD patients using conventional fall risk tool and Kinesis QTUG device: A comparative study.

Background: Falls are common among the elderly population and are usually multifactorial. Most of the falls are preventable if the risk factors are identified early and addressed. The primary objective was to assess the agreement between the fall-risk assessment as measured by the digital sensor-based Kinesis Quantitative Timed Up and Go (QTUG) device and conventional Fall Risk Assessment Tool (FRAT) in elderly Indian population.

Assessment of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma cervix.

Background: Carcinoma cervix is a significant public health issue in low- and middle-income nations. Despite the availability of aggressive cytological screening tests and increasing accessibility of the Human Papilloma Virus vaccine, a significant proportion of patients in our country still present with locally advanced cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunoexpression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma cervix and study the distribution of clinicopathological features and recurrence of cervical cancer with respect to PD-L1 status.

Using Doppler duplex ultrasound to determine hemodynamic alterations in renal vasculature: Crucial pathophysiological event preceding renal dysfunction in decompensated cirrhosis.

Background: Renal dysfunction is a watershed event in cirrhosis, often preceded by renal vasoconstriction. However, our reliability on elevated serum creatinine often delays interventions. Measurement of Renal Resistive Index (RI) and Renal Venous Stasis Index (RVSI) by Doppler ultrasound offers insight into renal vasoconstriction.

An assessment of chromosomal alterations detected by FISH in urothelial carcinoma and its correlation to liquid-based urine cytology and histopathology.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness, sensitivity, and specificity of urinary liquid-based cytology (LBC) versus multitarget, multicolor UroVysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (uFISH) assay for the diagnosis of urinary bladder cancer in light of the histological diagnosis.

Methods: Fifty patients and negative controls each were selected for the study. A 10 ml voided urine specimen was processed for urine cytology to prepare LBC smears.

Inferior Hip Dislocation - A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Inferior hip dislocation, also known as luxatio erecta femoris, is a rare condition where the femoral head dislocates downward from the acetabulum, typically due to high-energy trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or falls. We describe a case of Inferior hip dislocation managed by closed reduction.

Case Report: A case of inferior dislocation of the hip is described.

Do Left and Right Tell Different Stories? A Clinico-diagnostic Analysis of Laterality in Ectopic Pregnancy Outcomes.

Objectives: Prompt diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy help prevent major morbidity and mortality in the first trimester. While studies frequently describe the general locations of ectopic pregnancies, there is less emphasis specifically on left- versus right-sided dominance. Understanding the lateralization patterns could enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies, thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.

Robotic Assistance in PET-CT-guided Lung Biopsies: Enhancing Accuracy and Clinical Outcomes.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) and CT performance in guiding percutaneous biopsies with histologic confirmation of lung lesions.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively evaluated 50 patients, of whom 25 underwent F-FDG PET/CT-guided biopsy and 25 underwent CT-guided biopsy. The pathology results, diagnostic performance, procedure duration, and complications in the two groups were evaluated.

Tinnitus Severity and Auditory Brainstem Response: A Correlative Study.

Introduction: Tinnitus, defined as the perception of sound without an external stimulus, affects approximately 10-15% of the world population, often resulting in significant emotional and functional impairments. Despite advancements in diagnostic approaches, the relationship between subjective tinnitus severity and objective auditory brainstem response (ABR) findings remains poorly understood. This study evaluates these associations to enhance understanding of tinnitus pathophysiology and formulate clinical practice.

Devils in the Details: Analysis of Detailed Histopathological Reporting of Tissue Samples in Primary Diffuse Chronic Rhinosinusitis-A Clinical and Pathological Perspective.

Chronic rhinosinusitis is essentially the inflammation of the nasal passage and sinuses and is diagnosed as per the diagnostic criteria of European position paper on Rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2020 (EPOS2020). Eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic Chronic rhinosinusitis are defined based on the presence of greater than 10 eosinophils per high power field. This study aimed to study whether the use of preoperative steroids for surgical field preparation actually impacted our diagnosis of eosinophilic vs non-eosinophilic CRS contemplating eosinophils > 10/HPF as the cutoff in accordance with the EPOS2020 guidelines and whether any pathological parameter could be noted to predict recurrence.