Examining Research Ethics and Integrity at a Public University in Bolivia.

This descriptive cross-sectional study examined research ethics and integrity at a public university in Bolivia. We surveyed university professors, directors, and deans and analyzed secondary data from graduate student research manuscripts. The results showed gaps in the university professors' understanding and implementation of research ethics and integrity in their work.

ICTUSCOG: Poststroke cognitive impairment following nondisabling stroke: Study protocol of a spanish multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally, with frequent cognitive sequelae affecting up to 60% of stroke survivors. Despite the high prevalence of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), early detection remains underemphasized in clinical practice, with limited focus on broader neuropsychological and affective symptoms. Stroke elevates dementia risk and may act as a trigger for progressive neurodegenerative diseases.

Orthohantavirus rodent hosts and genotypes in Southern South America: A narrative review.

Orthohantaviruses, family Hantaviridae, are zoonotic agents that pose a significant public health threat, particularly in South America, where they cause severe respiratory illnesses in humans. Despite their importance, knowledge gaps remain regarding the distributions of both the viruses and their rodent hosts in Southern South America, a region characterized by a great complexity of viral genotypes and reservoirs. This review provides an updated overview of orthohantavirus hosts and their associated viral genotypes in Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay.

Ergonomics in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a comparative analysis of musculoeskeletical and mental workload in prone vs. supine positions with two lithotripters-a pilot study.

Purpose: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common technique in the surgical management of renal lithiasis, but it also represents a significant workload for surgeons. Factors such as the patient's position and the type of lithotripter used influence the physical and mental load on the surgeon. The study aimed to identify stressors related to PCNL by comparing the physical and mental workload experienced by urologists during PCNL under different patient positions and using two lithotripters.

A new true triaxial apparatus with pore fluid system for rock deformation under representative crustal stress conditions.

We have developed a new true triaxial apparatus for rock deformation, featuring six servo-controlled loading rams capable of applying maximum stresses of 220 MPa along the two horizontal axes and 400 MPa along the vertical axis to cubic rock samples of 50 mm side. Samples are introduced into a steel vessel, allowing rock specimens to be subjected to confining pressures of up to 60 MPa. Pore fluid lines connected to two pump intensifiers enable high-precision permeability measurements along all three principal stress directions.

Unicondylar intra-articular tibial plateau osteotomies provide favourable outcomes and avoid arthroplasty in posttraumatic deformities at 4-year mean follow-up.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes, complications and procedure survival in patients with posttraumatic tibial plateau deformities treated with unicondylar intra-articular tibial plateau osteotomy (UIATPO), comparing medial and lateral approaches.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all patients with posttraumatic intra-articular tibial plateau deformities who underwent surgical correction at a single centre between 2016 and 2022, with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. Patient characteristics, radiological correction, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including the Lysholm and knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), and complications were recorded.

Gestational Diabetes Shapes Gingival Crevicular lncRNA Expression in Early Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study.

This study identifies a transcriptomic profile of long noncoding RNAs in gingival crevicular fluid samples in pregnant women with gestational diabetes risk. NEAT1 and LINC-PINT were increased expression in gingival crevicular fluid samples in pregnancies later diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Review of Graphene Materials as Electrocatalysts for the Production of Green Ammonia from Nitrogen-Containing Compounds.

Ammonia is one of the most important inputs in the global chemical industry, used primarily in fertilizers and explosives. It is increasingly recognized as a potential energy carrier. Its production is dominated by the Haber-Bosch process, which requires high energy consumption and significant capital investment, and contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions.

Prevalence and magnitude of perceived dual-task difficulties in people with multiple sclerosis: an international study.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and magnitude of dual-task (DT) difficulties and the discriminative ability of three questionnaires evaluating perceived DT difficulties: the Dual-Tasking Questionnaire (DTQ), Dual-Task Screening-List (DTSL), and Dual-Task-Impact on Daily-life Activities Questionnaire (DIDA-Q).

Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study SETTING: Persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and healthy controls (HC) were recruited from 7 multiple sclerosis centers across 6 countries (Belgium, Chile, Italy, Israel, Spain, and Turkey).

Participants: A total of 540 participants: 175 with mild disability (mean EDSS: 2.

Adjusting the management of the Antarctic krill fishery to meet the challenges of the 21st century.

Antarctic krill () is the central prey species in the Southern Ocean food web, supporting the largest and fastest-growing fishery in the region, managed by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). Climate change is threatening krill populations and their predators, while current catch limits do not take into account climate variability or krill population dynamics. In 2024, CCAMLR was unable to renew its spatial catch limits, highlighting the urgent need for improved management of the krill fishery to prevent any harm to the Southern Ocean ecosystem.

A prospective, multicenter study of invasive fungal disease caused by molds in children and adults in Chile.

Background: Invasive mold diseases (IMDs) are a severe complication of immunocompromised subjects and an emerging problem among severely ill, apparently immunocompetent patients. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical features of IMDs in Chile.

Methods: Prospective study of IMD cases in children and adults from 11 reference hospitals in Chile from May 2019 to May 2021.

A systematic review using a multi-layered criteria framework for assessing the validity and reliability of velocity monitoring devices in resistance training.

Background: Velocity-Based Training (VBT) is an emerging method in resistance training for objectively prescribing and monitoring training intensity and neuromuscular function. Given its growing popularity, assessing the validity and reliability of VBT devices is critical for strength and conditioning coaches.

Objective: The primary purpose of this review was twofold: (1) to identify and address methodological gaps in current assessments of VBT device validity and reliability, and (2) to propose and apply a novel, multi-layered, criterion-based framework-developed in collaboration with statisticians and domain experts-for evaluating these devices.

The mediating role of hope in the relationship between purpose in life and anxiety: A cross-cultural analysis in university students.

Objective: To examine the direct effect of purpose in life (PIL) on anxiety and its indirect effect through hope in a sample of university students from Ecuador, Bolivia, and Colombia, while assessing the cross-national measurement equivalence of the mediation model.

Method: A descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study was conducted using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test mediation effects and Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MG-CFA) to assess measurement invariance. The sample included 1,459 university students from Ecuador, Colombia, and Bolivia.

Association of Ventilatory Ratio with Acute Cor Pulmonale and Mortality in COVID-19 ARDS: A Cohort Study.

PurposeAn elevated ventilatory ratio (VR) and acute cor pulmonale (ACP) are associated with mortality in ARDS patients. The primary aim of this study was to assess the association between VR and ACP in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS (C-ARDS). The secondary objectives were to analyze the association between VR and ICU mortality, describe VR temporal behavior in survivors and non-survivors, and evaluate the association between VR and pulmonary embolism.

The Experiences of Social Connection and Isolation in Adults With Acquired Brain Injury: A Qualitative Systematic Review and Metasynthesis.

Background: During recovery from an acquired brain injury (ABI), social isolation is a common experience that can lead to adverse outcomes. Although social connection is known to play a critical role in alleviating these effects, the ways in which ABI survivors experience and prioritise connection and isolation are not well understood. This review aims to understand how these concepts are perceived, identify the valued outcomes, and examine the social contexts that shape these experiences.

Androgen therapy in midlife and older women: a position statement of the Latin American Association of Gynecological Endocrinology (ALEG).

Objective: Androgens have been prescribed to alleviate symptoms in midlife women, but evidence regarding benefits and risks remains limited, with no clearly established indications for Testosterone therapy. In many Latin American countries, Testosterone is prescribed without specific guidelines, making it difficult to identify patients who might benefit. This position statement aims to summarize evidence and provide a Latin American perspective on androgen therapy in midlife and older women.

The IRE1/XBP1s Axis Regulates Innate Immune Responses in Conventional Dendritic Cells During ZIKV Infection.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus causing a major epidemic in the Americas in 2015. Dendritic cells (DCs) are leukocytes with key antiviral functions, but their role in ZIKV infection remains under investigation. While most studies have focused on the monocyte-derived subtype of DCs, less is known about conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), essential for the orchestration of antiviral adaptive immunity.

Trends in Smart Restaurant Research: Bibliometric Review and Research Agenda.

Background: The automation of processes and services has transformed various industries, including the restaurant sector. Technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), and big data have been increasingly adopted to enhance service delivery, improve user experiences, and enable data traceability. By collecting user feedback and analyzing sentiments, these technologies facilitate decision-making and offer predictive insights into future food preferences.

Perceptions, Beliefs, and Knowledge of Oral and Familial Cancer in an Indigenous Community of Chile: A Mixed Quantitative-Qualitative Study.

Background: Oral cancer is one of the 10 most common cancers globally and represents a public health problem. Cultural practices and access to care are recognized as determinants of oral diseases, including cancer. Understanding the perceptions of indigenous communities is crucial for developing culturally appropriate interventions.

Screen exposure in Chilean children during early childhood and socio-emotional problems: relationship and directionality.

Introduction: Research has found a correlation between screen exposure in early childhood and children's socio-emotional development, particularly in Global North countries. However, the direction of the effect has not been extensively studied in early childhood, especially in Global South contexts. This study aims to describe the relationship and the bidirectional longitudinal associations between screen exposure and children's internalizing and externalizing problems among children in Chile.

Primary health care policy investments in the Latin America context: Health systems experiences from Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.

This study examines the policy investments in Primary Health Care (PHC) within the health systems of Brazil, Chile, and Colombia, highlighting their contributions toward achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Employing a qualitative methodology, the research includes an institutional historical review and interviews with key stakeholders to analyze the development of PHC financing policies and practices in these countries. Brazil, with its Unified Health System (SUS), demonstrates federal leadership through initiatives like Requalifica UBS and the new PAC, albeit facing challenges in regional equity and monitoring.

Clinical and Demographic Characteristics Associated with Type 1 Diabetes Distress in Latin American Children.

Objective: To determine the degree of diabetes-specific distress in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its association with demographic characteristics, family and educational situation indicators, glycemic control, complications, and disease duration.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study (Jan-Mar 2025) in Argentina and Chile included 143 T1DM patients (8-17 years, ≥1-year duration). Diabetes distress was measured using the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) questionnaire (0-80; high distress ≥40).

Financial literacy among young college students: Advancements and future directions .

Financial literacy is an essential life skill for young adults, particularly college students facing increasing financial responsibilities. This study conducted a systematic literature review following the PRISMA methodology, analyzing 44 peer-reviewed studies to identify the most prevalent dimensions of financial literacy among college students. The results show that while research focuses primarily on broad categories such as financial knowledge and behavior, more specific subtopics, such as budgeting, credit card use, student loans, and digital financial tools, are unevenly addressed or under-explored.

Population Genomics Reveals Panmixia in Pacific Sardine () of the North Pacific.

The spatial structure and dynamics of populations are important considerations when defining management units in organisms that are harvested as natural resources. In the Eastern Pacific, Pacific Sardine range from Chile to Alaska, the northernmost state of the United States (U.S.