Characterization and genome analysis of a novel lytic phage vB_ntSalS-cftriSP11 infecting Salmonella typhimurium.

Background: In response to rising antibiotic resistance, bacteriophage application is gaining renewed attention, marking a paradigm shift in managing bacterial infections, especially foodborne pathogens. Non-typhoidal salmonellosis remains a major global health burden. In this context, a novel lytic bacteriophage targeting Salmonella typhimurium was isolated and characterized.

Gut dysbiosis influences the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis: A case-control study from North India.

Background And Objectives: Alterations in gut microbiota have been linked to pathophysiology of immune-mediated diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). This study was undertaken to characterise the gut microbiome profile in North Indian MS patients and to evaluate gut health using biomarkers like zonulin (intestinal permeability) and calprotectin (intestinal inflammation).

Methods: 84 Patients with relapsing-remitting MS patients (RRMS) of 18-75 years of age with an expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score less than or equal to 5.

2,2'- Bipyridine Derivatives Exert Anticancer Effects by Inducing Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells.

Purpose: To elucidate the therapeutic potential of 2,2'-bipyridine derivatives [NPS (1-6)] on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.

Methods: The effects on cell survival, colony formation, cellular and nuclear morphology, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), change in the integrity of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and apoptosis were investigated. Additionally, docking studies were conducted to analyze and elucidate the interactions between the derivatives and AKT and BRAF proteins.

An experimental setup and segmentation method for CFU counting on agar plate for the assessment of drinking water.

Quantification of bacterial colonies on an agar plate is a daily routine for a microbiologist to determine the number of viable microorganisms in the sample. In general, microbiologists perform a visual assessment of bacterial colonies which is time-consuming (takes 2 min per plate), tedious, and subjective. Some automatic counting algorithms are developed that save labour and time, but their results are affected by the non-illumination on an agar plate.

Ion-pumping microbial rhodopsin protein classification by machine learning approach.

Background: Rhodopsin is a seven-transmembrane protein covalently linked with retinal chromophore that absorbs photons for energy conversion and intracellular signaling in eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea. Haloarchaeal rhodopsins are Type-I microbial rhodopsin that elicits various light-driven functions like proton pumping, chloride pumping and Phototaxis behaviour. The industrial application of Ion-pumping Haloarchaeal rhodopsins is limited by the lack of full-length rhodopsin sequence-based classifications, which play an important role in Ion-pumping activity.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the air in Indian hospitals and houses of COVID-19 patients.

To understand the transmission characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) through air, samples from different locations occupied by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients were analyzed. Three sampling strategies were used to understand the presence of virus in the air in different environmental conditions. In the first strategy, which involved hospital settings, air samples were collected from several areas of hospitals like COVID-intensive-care units (ICUs), nurse-stations, COVID-wards, corridors, non-COVID-wards, personal protective equipment (PPE) doffing areas, COVID rooms, out-patient (OP) corridors, mortuary, COVID casualty areas, non-COVID ICUs and doctors' rooms.

Label-free plasma proteomics for the identification of the putative biomarkers of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Mass spectrometry-based label-free proteomics is becoming the analytical tool of interest to identify and quantitate the biomarkers for cancer. The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) which is one of the leading cancers worldwide, lacks biomarkers for the early prognosis and diagnosis. The present study profiled plasma proteome of the Indian OSCC human patients using a label-free mass spectrometry proteomics approach.

Complete genome sequence and identification of polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis genes of the myxobacterium Minicystis rosea DSM 24000.

Background: Myxobacteria harbor numerous biosynthetic gene clusters that can produce a diverse range of secondary metabolites. Minicystis rosea DSM 24000 is a soil-dwelling myxobacterium belonging to the suborderSorangiineae and family Polyangiaceae and is known to produce various secondary metabolites as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Here, we use whole-genome sequencing to explore the diversity of biosynthetic gene clusters in M.

In Vitro Synthesis of Bioactive Glycovariants of Enterocin 96, an Antimicrobial Peptide from Enterococcus faecalis.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are novel agents for therapeutic application for their inherent broad spectrum of activities against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, and immunomodulatory activities. This chapter presents an enzymatic method to generate glycovariants of one such antimicrobial peptide, namely enterocin 96, using a bacterial protein O- and S-glycosyltransferase, in vitro.

Taxonogenomics reveal multiple novel genomospecies associated with clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has evolved as one of the leading multidrug-resistant pathogens responsible for a variety of nosocomial infections especially in highly debilitated patients. As information on the genomic and intraspecies diversity of this clinically important pathogen is limited, we sequenced the whole genome of 27 clinical isolates from hospitalized patients. Phylogenomic analysis along with the genomes of type strains suggested that the clinical isolates are distributed over the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia complex (Smc) within the genus Stenotrophomonas.

Solibacillus kalamii sp. nov., isolated from a high-efficiency particulate arrestance filter system used in the International Space Station.

A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming, aerobic bacterial strain, designated ISSFR-015T, was isolated from a high-efficiency particulate arrestance filter in the International Space Station and was characterized by polyphasic taxonomy. A comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence (1494 bp) of strain ISSFR-015T showed highest similarity to Solibacillus isronensis B3W22T (98.9 %), followed by Solibacillus silvestris HR3-23T (98.

A label-free electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of cardiac marker using graphene quantum dots (GQDs).

A label-free immunosensor based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy has been developed for the sensitive detection of a cardiac biomarker myoglobin (cMyo). Hydrothermally synthesized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been used as an immobilized template on screen printed electrodes for the construction of an impedimetric sensor platform. The GQDs-modified electrode was conjugated with highly specific anti-myoglobin antibodies to develop the desired immunosensor.