Degree of food processing and incidence of obesity-related cancers in the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' (SUN) Project.

Background: The prevalence of obesity and associated diseases, including several cancers, continues to rise.

Objective: Given the growing evidence that the degree of food processing impacts health, we investigated the relationship between the degree of food processing and the risk of obesity-related cancers (ORC).

Methods: We analyzed data from 17,756 participants in the "Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra" (SUN) project, a prospective cohort of Spanish graduates.

Ipatasertib combined with non-taxane chemotherapy for patients with previously treated advanced triple-negative breast cancer: the PATHFINDER phase IIa trial.

Background: The PI3K/AKT pathway is frequently altered in advanced triple-negative breast cancer (aTNBC), representing a promising target. Ipatasertib, a pan-AKT inhibitor, has shown activity with taxane-based chemotherapy and acceptable safety. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of ipatasertib with non-taxane chemotherapy for aTNBC.

Associations Between Urinary Metal Levels and Incident Heart Failure: A Multi-Cohort Analysis.

Background: Environmental metals are recognized cardiovascular disease risk factors, yet the role of metal exposure in heart failure (HF) risk remains understudied.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the prospective association of urinary metals with incident HF across 3 geographically and ethnically/racially diverse cohorts: MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) and SHS (Strong Heart Study) in the United States, and the Hortega Study in Spain.

Methods: Adults 18-85 years of age in MESA (n = 6,601), SHS (n = 2,917), and Hortega (n = 1,300) were followed up to 20 years.

Safety overview and management of inavolisib alone and in combination therapies in PIK3CA-mutated, HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (GO39374).

Background: Inavolisib is a potent and selective PI3Kα inhibitor that promotes degradation of mutated p110α. We report safety from a phase I/Ib dose-escalation/-expansion study (GO39374; NCT03006172) of inavolisib alone or in combination therapies in PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients received inavolisib [oral once daily (od)] alone, with letrozole (2.

Glucose-Fueled Gated Nanomotors: Enhancing Anticancer Efficacy via Deep Drug Penetration into Tumors.

Bioinspired nano/micromotors with drug delivery capabilities are emerging tools with the promising potential to treat numerous diseases. However, some major challenges must be overcome before reaching real biomedical applications. Above all, it is necessary to design engines that employ biocompatible and bioavailable fuels to induce efficient propulsion in biological environments.

Efficacy of three lung cancer prediction models in diagnosing benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

Background: The predictive models for malignant lung nodules have been developed, but need further validation and optimization for broader clinical use. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the Mayo model, Peking University People's Hospital (PKUPH) model, and the lung cancer biomarker panel (LCBP) model in distinguishing between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules, providing valuable clinical research data for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

Methods: Clinical and imaging data of patients diagnosed with pulmonary nodules at Meizhou People's Hospital from March 2021 through January 2023 were collected.

Inavolisib plus letrozole or fulvestrant in PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer (GO39374): An open-label, multicentre, dose-escalation and dose-expansion phase 1/1b study.

Background: A variety of treatment options continue to be explored in the post-cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) setting for hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer (LA/mBC), and optimal sequencing of therapies remains to be determined. This phase 1/1b study examined inavolisib, a potent and selective PI3Kα inhibitor that promotes mutated p110α degradation, alone and in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) ± palbociclib, in PIK3CA-mutated, HR-positive, HER2-negative LA/mBC. We report data on inavolisib plus ET, including in patients who had previously received a CDK4/6i.

Retrospective analysis to validate the CTS5 in patients from El Álamo IV registry and GEICAM adjuvant studies.

Background: Identifying high-risk of late recurrence (beyond 10 years) in patients with hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative early breast cancer (EBC) is crucial. The Clinical Treatment Score post-5 years (CTS5) score assesses recurrence risk after 5 years of endocrine therapy (ET). This study validated CTS5 as a prognostic tool for late recurrence by examining its association with Distant Recurrence-Free Survival using GEICAM study data and evaluating model calibration.

Extended tumor area-based stratification score combining tumor budding and stroma identifies a high-risk, immune-depleted group in localized microsatellite-stable colon cancer patients.

Microsatellite-stable colon cancer represents a heterogeneous group of tumors, where the identification of high-risk histopathological factors is particularly critical. In this study, we evaluate two morphological features associated with mesenchymal differentiation-tumor budding and tumor-associated stroma-with the aim of developing a robust recurrence risk stratification score and exploring its relationship with the tumor microenvironment composition in this clinical context. We retrospectively analyzed 254 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded colectomy specimens from patients with mismatch repair-proficient colon cancer (stages I to III).

Biomarkers in gastroesophageal cancer 2025: an updated consensus statement by the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP).

Gastroesophageal carcinomas, including gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), pose a global health challenge due to their heterogeneity. The approach to diagnosis and treatment should first differentiate between GEA and ESCC. Over the past decade, therapies for metastatic or advanced GEA/ESCC have expanded, with several new therapeutic targets alongside trastuzumab for metastatic HER2-positive GEA.

Propensity Score Analysis of the Utility of Supervised Perioperative Abdominal Wall Exercises for the Prevention of Parastomal Hernia.

Retrospective studies have suggested that performing perioperative abdominal wall exercises may decrease the incidence of parastomal hernias. This study seeks to assess the usefulness of supervised preoperative and postoperative abdominal wall exercises in the prevention of parastomal hernia. An observational study of patients who underwent a stoma, temporary or permanent, between January 2019 and December 2020, was performed.

Diagnosis and Management of Early Stages of ALD.

Early forms of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) include different stages in the progression of compensated liver disease ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis. ALD has been classically diagnosed at advanced stages more frequently than other liver diseases. This fact probably contributed to the scarcity of studies on early forms of ALD.

Long-term outcome and risk stratification in compensated advanced chronic liver disease after HCV-cure.

Background And Aims: Around 750,000 patients per year will be cured of HCV infection until 2030. Those with compensated advanced chronic liver disease remain at risk for hepatic decompensation and de novo HCC. Algorithms have been developed to stratify risk early after cure; however, data on long-term outcomes and the prognostic utility of these risk stratification algorithms at later time points are lacking.

Diverse real-life outcomes after intensive risk-adapted therapy for 1034 AML patients from the CETLAM Group.

Given the heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia patients, it is necessary to identify patients considered fit for intensive therapy but who will perform poorly, and in whom alternative approaches deserve investigation. We analyzed 1034 fit adults ≤70 years intensively treated between 2012 and 2022 in the CETLAM group. Young adults ( ≤ 60 years) presented higher remission rates and improved survival than older adults above that age (CR 79% vs.

HER2DX genomic test in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer.

Therapies targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer significantly impact patient outcomes, quality of life, and health care systems. While chemotherapy and trastuzumab improve survival in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer, variability in clinical and biological characteristics leads to different response to therapies and outcomes. Clinical guidelines provide general recommendations, but significant uncertainty persists in identifying an optimal treatment plan for individual patients.

Perspectives of the medical oncologist regarding adjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer: An international expert survey and case vignette study.

Introduction: Adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The decision to initiate chemotherapy involves both patient and physician factors, decision-specific criteria, and contextual considerations. This study aimed to assess medical oncologists' views on adjuvant chemotherapy following pancreatic resection for PDAC.

Impact on Quality of Life of Full-time and Night-time Braces in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Study Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To compare the effect on quality of life of night-time (NT) and full-time (FT) brace treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Summary Of Background Data: Conservative treatment of AIS with FT braces has proven to prevent the risk of progression and the need for surgery, with an inversely proportional relationship to the number of hours worn.

A real‑world study of clinical characteristics, treatment sequence and outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer and EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations.

Objectives: EGFR exon 20 insertion (EGFRex20ins) mutations are found in up to 4% of all patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These patients are often insensitive to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and have worse prognosis than patients with more common EGFR mutations. In this multicenter, retrospective, real-world study, we sought to determine whether the administration of recently approved treatments that specifically target EGFRex20ins mutations could significantly improve outcomes in this patient population.

MYC-rearranged mature B-cell lymphomas in children and young adults are molecularly Burkitt Lymphoma.

Aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) in children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYA) include Burkitt lymphoma (BL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and a subset of high-grade tumors with features intermediate between these entities whose genetic and molecular profiles have not been completely elucidated. In this study, we have characterized 37 aggressive B-NHL in CAYA, 33 with high-grade morphology, and 4 DLBCL with MYC rearrangement (MYC-R), using targeted next-generation sequencing and the aggressive lymphoma gene expression germinal center B-cell-like (GCB), activated B-cell-like (ABC), and dark zone signatures (DZsig). Twenty-two tumors had MYC-R without BCL2 breaks, and two MYC-non-R cases had BCL6 translocations.