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Article Abstract
Introduction: Low-level viremia (LLV) is associated with the progression of liver fibrosis and a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The present study aimed to compare the efficacy between nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) therapy and combination therapy of NAs and pegylated interferon-α (pegIFN-α) in entecavir (ETV)-treated CHB patients with LLV.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. ETV-treated CHB patients with LLV were included and divided into the NA group and the NA+IFN group. The NA group comprised patients switching to tenofovir alafenamide fumarate, whereas the NA+IFN group comprised those adding on pegIFN-α additionally. We compared changes in HBV markers and complete virological response (CVR) between the two groups.
Results: A total of 127 patients were enrolled, including 51 in NA+IFN group and 76 in NA group. In the NA+IFN group, the decline in HBsAg level from baseline (△ HBsAg) was significantly greater (-0.17 logIU/mL vs. -0.06 logIU/mL, = 0.011) at week 24, and HBsAg clearance rate and △ HBsAg were significantly higher (8.9% vs. 0%, = 0.017; -0.27 logIU/mL vs. -0.11 logIU/mL, = 0.023) at week 48. The 48-week CVR rate in the NA+IFN group was 66.7% (34/51), which was comparable to 68.4% (52/76) in the NA group ( = 0.836).
Conclusion: In ETV-treated patients with LLV, receiving NAs plus pegIFN-α tends to increase the effect of HBsAg clearance.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12411537 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1642961 | DOI Listing |
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