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Disruptive selection can lead to the evolution of discrete morphs. We show that particular genetic architectures, in terms of dominance, epistasis, and linkage, are likely to evolve to produce discrete morphs under disruptive selection. Recent genomic studies have revealed that causative mutations tend to cluster, sometimes as a result of chromosomal rearrangements, but we still know little about the molecular mechanisms of dominance and epistasis. Although disruptive selection can also lead to speciation, once an optimal genetic architecture has evolved, disruptive selection no longer promotes the evolution of assortative mating. For a better understanding of the conditions that promote or constrain speciation, it is necessary to address how fast such a genetic architecture can evolve.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2025.08.003 | DOI Listing |
RSC Med Chem
August 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, United States of America.
A strategy for targeting tumor-associated hypoxia utilizes reductase enzyme-mediated cleavage to convert biologically inert prodrugs to their corresponding biologically active parent therapeutic agents selectively in areas of pronounced hypoxia. Small-molecule inhibitors of tubulin polymerization represent unique therapeutic agents for this approach, with the most promising functioning as both antiproliferative agents (cytotoxins) and as vascular disrupting agents (VDAs). VDAs selectively and effectively disrupt tumor-associated microvessels, which are typically fragile and chaotic in nature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContact Dermatitis
September 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Extended glove usage is crucial in various occupational settings to safeguard workers and maintain hygiene standards. However, prolonged wear creates an occlusive environment that disrupts normal skin evaporation, leading to temporary overhydration. This reversal of the diffusion gradient facilitates the penetration of residual soaps and alcohol from hand hygiene practices, which can deplete skin moisture and cause irritation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Healthc Risk Manag
September 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, California, USA.
The consistent promotion of a culture of respect and accountability in the workplace is vital to the success of healthcare organizations. However, the existing literature on practical strategies for addressing misconduct, particularly with respect to physician behavior, is relatively sparse. The aim of this review was to thus devise an evidence-based, empirical framework for the management and remediation of disruptive physician actions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagn Pathol
September 2025
Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with its prognosis influenced by factors such as tumor clinical stage, histological type, and the patient's overall health. Recent studies highlight the critical role of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in the tumor microenvironment. Perturbations in LEC function in gastric cancer, marked by aberrant activation or damage, disrupt lymphatic fluid dynamics and impede immune cell infiltration, thereby modulating tumor progression and patient prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheor Appl Genet
September 2025
Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Potato bolters are caused by excision of a transposon from the StCDF1.3 allele, resulting in a somatic mutant with late maturity. Somatic mutations during vegetative propagation can lead to novel genotypes, known as sports.
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