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Marine-derived sulfated glycans display a potent virostatic mechanism to block herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) entry and spread.
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Previously undescribed steroids vernomigeodiins A-D (1-4), were isolated from the African medicinal plant Vernoniastrum migeodii along with known sterols 5-10 and the tripeptide aurantiamide acetate (11). The isolated steroids featured a stigmastane skeleton with a unique conjugated Δ-diene segment and a highly oxidized side chain, occasionally forming a bi- or tricyclic ring system. Sterols 1-3, 5-9 are glucosylated, whereas 4 and 10 are aglycons.
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Influenza A viruses (IAVs) constitute a major threat to human and animal health. Currently, M2 ion-channel inhibitors, neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors, RNA polymerase inhibitors, and cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitors have been applied clinically as therapeutics against IAVs. However, IAVs possess adaptive mutations to these inhibitors, especially M2 ion channel and NA inhibitors.
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