Volunteers Needed: Understanding African Americans' Perceptions of Clinical Trials and Intentions to Participate.

Goal: African Americans lack participation in clinical trials, and therefore, are underrepresented in medical initiatives that can provide life-saving treatment. This research examines the attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of African Americans toward participation in clinical trials.

Methods: Researchers conducted a survey using a representative sample of African Americans in the United States (n = 1,260). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.

Principal Findings: Findings indicate that behavioral beliefs about clinical trials are positively related to attitudes about participating in clinical trials. Furthermore, attitudes are positively related to intentions to participate in clinical trials. Participation in clinical trials is also dictated by social influence. Results indicate that what "important others" think about participation in clinical trials is positively related to trial participation; however, risk perceptions are negatively related to trial participation. Findings reveal that gender and educational attainment moderate risk perceptions. African American women and those with less educational attainment possess risk perceptions, which negatively influence their intention to participate in clinical trials.

Practical Applications: This research highlights how behavioral beliefs and attitudes are positively linked to participation intentions, while subjective norms further reinforce the influence of social pressures on decision-making. Importantly, risk perceptions serve as a significant barrier to participation, particularly among African American women and individuals with lower educational attainment. These findings point to the need for targeted interventions that address specific concerns and build trust through culturally informed, accessible communication. By developing communication strategies that enhance positive beliefs, leverage community influence, and reduce perceived risks, research and healthcare communities can take meaningful steps toward fostering inclusion and trust.