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Many researchers and educators have strongly advocated for utilizing retrieval practice to improve student learning and grades. Yet, the mnemonic consequences of retrieval practice have almost exclusively been compared to rereading, which is a passive, ineffective study strategy. Across two experiments that each included 69 college student participants conducted in the 2022-2023 academic year, we tested how practice retrieving chemistry concepts impacts memory and transfer compared to generating mnemonics (and rereading). Learning was assessed either after 5 min or 2 days. Practicing retrieval and generating mnemonics both bolstered memory and transfer compared to restudying but did not yield different test performance from each other. Practicing retrieval took about half as much time as generating mnemonics, revealing its efficiency for learning complex concepts. However, participants rated generating mnemonics as more effective than practicing retrieval. We discuss the implications of these results for learners' study and for theories of retrieval practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xap0000544 | DOI Listing |
Child Dev Perspect
September 2025
University of California, Davis Davis California USA.
From the earliest moments in their lives, infants begin to build memories about their past and accumulate knowledge about the world. In this article, we focus on the distinction between memory for events and memory for information, and the ongoing debate about which type of memory provides the foundation for the development of the other. Some researchers argue that specific memory developmentally precedes general memory, whereas others support the opposite position.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Psychol Appl
September 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Utah.
Many researchers and educators have strongly advocated for utilizing retrieval practice to improve student learning and grades. Yet, the mnemonic consequences of retrieval practice have almost exclusively been compared to rereading, which is a passive, ineffective study strategy. Across two experiments that each included 69 college student participants conducted in the 2022-2023 academic year, we tested how practice retrieving chemistry concepts impacts memory and transfer compared to generating mnemonics (and rereading).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
August 2025
Department of Imaging Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3AR, UK.
The organization of consciousness is described through increasingly rich theoretical models. We review evidence that working memory capacity-essential to generating consciousness in the cerebral cortex-is supported by dual limbic memory systems. These dorsal (Papez) and ventral (Yakovlev) limbic networks provide the basis for mnemonic processing and prediction in the dorsal and ventral divisions of the human neocortex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropsychologia
August 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
Metacognition, the ability to reflect and regulate one's cognitive processes, has been shown to play a role in various aspects of life, particularly in academic settings. While important steps have been made in uncovering the neural basis of metacognition for highly specific domains (such as perceptual and mnemonic decision-making), little is known about how these findings relate to general forms of metacognition relevant in education. In this study, we use a data-driven approach to (i) identify brain regions associated with metacognition in education, and (ii) investigate the issue of domain-generality and to what extent these brain regions overlap with regions involved in metacognition in the context of specific decision-making tasks used in cognitive neuroscience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Patient handover is a crucial process that ensures the transfer of essential patient information from prehospital teams to hospital staff. Although these risks are widely recognized, significant variability persists in handover practices in health care settings. This highlights the need for robust, evidence-based strategies to standardize the process.
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