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A pH-responsive carboxymethyl high-amylose maize starch (CMHAS, DS = 0.34) was developed as an efficient carrier for astaxanthin (ASTA) encapsulation via coprecipitation. The pH-dependent behavior of CMHAS was confirmed through swelling degree, light transmittance, and zeta potential analyses, demonstrating reversible structural transitions in acidic/neutral environments. Optimized ASTA/CMHAS complexes exhibited a loading capacity of 1.3 mg/g and 32.11 % encapsulation efficiency. Structural characterization revealed the formation of V-type crystalline inclusion complexes (27.4 % crystallinity) via X-ray diffraction, while NMR spectroscopy identified the six-membered ring of ASTA entered the cavity with its center near H-5, while its unembedded long chain remained outside amylose's spiral structure. From results of thermal gravimetric analysis, inclusion complex had the highest retention rates (25.01 %), determining the thermostability of the inclusion complex. Finally, the in vitro gastrointestinal model further confirmed that the inclusion complex exhibited a controlled and sustained-release behavior in 5-125 min (release rate of 45.9 %), but reached 91.3 % in 125-245 min, which protects its antioxidant activity from the destruction of gastric juice.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.145998 | DOI Listing |
Genome Biol
September 2025
Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
Background: Centromeres are crucial for precise chromosome segregation and maintaining genome stability during cell division. However, their evolutionary dynamics, particularly in polyploid organisms with complex genomic architectures, remain largely enigmatic. Allopolyploid wheat, with its well-defined hierarchical ploidy series and recent polyploidization history, serves as an excellent model to explore centromere evolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Robot Surg
September 2025
Department of General Surgery, Giglio Hospital Foundation, Cefalu', Italy.
The adoption of robotic pancreatectomy has grown significantly in recent years, driven by its potential advantages in precision, minimally invasive access, and improved patient recovery. However, mastering these complex procedures requires overcoming a substantial learning curve, and the role of structured mentoring in facilitating this transition remains underexplored. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the number of cases required to achieve surgical proficiency, assess the impact of mentoring on skill acquisition, and analyze how outcomes evolve throughout the learning process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUpdates Surg
September 2025
Surgical Department, HPB Unit Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Verona, Italy.
Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy is gaining success among surgeons also for the increasing use of robotic approach. Ideal candidates are patients with small, confined tumor and dilatated Wirsung duct which is a quite rare clinical conditions: in fact, most of minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomies are performed for periampullary cancer, easy to remove but with soft pancreatic remnant and tiny Wirsung duct. The result is the technical challenge of the pancreatico-enteric reconstructions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Ortop Mex
September 2025
Servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología, Hospital de San Rafael, Hospitales Pascual. Cádiz, España.
Introduction: anatomical deformities such as developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and Perthes disease represent a challenge for reconstruction. The use of 3D-printed models can be helpful for assessing the deformity, bone mass, implant size, and orientation.
Objectives: to prospectively evaluate the outcomes of 3D simulation in primary total hip arthroplasty.
J Sci Med Sport
August 2025
Sports Performance, Recovery, Injury and New Technologies Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Australia; School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia.
Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of lumbo-pelvic-hip complex strengthening and/or stabilisation exercises, with and without isolated pelvic floor muscle training, on postpartum pelvic floor health. Specifically, effects on pelvic floor muscle strength, endurance, activity, and pelvic floor dysfunction symptom severity were analysed.
Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials was conducted.