Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
While ART effectively suppresses HIV viremia, many PLWH exhibit persistent immune dysfunction. This study aimed to assess immune recovery and immune exhaustion (PD-1/PD-L1 expression) in newly diagnosed versus long-term ART-treated individuals. We analyzed 79 PLWH: 52 newly diagnosed individuals (12-month follow-up) and 27 long-term-treated patients (Ukrainian refugees). Flow cytometry was used to evaluate CD4+ and CD8+ counts, the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and PD-1/PD-L1 expression on CD3+, CD4+, and CD19+ lymphocytes. ART regimen and HIV subtype were included as covariates in linear regression models. At 12 months, CD4+ counts were similar between groups (median 596.5 vs. 621 cells/μL, = 0.22), but newly diagnosed patients had higher CD8+ counts (872 vs. 620 cells/μL, = 0.028) and a lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio (0.57 vs. 1.05, = 0.0027). Immune exhaustion markers were significantly elevated in newly diagnosed individuals: CD4+ PD-1+ T cells (24.4% vs. 3.85%, = 0.0002) and CD3+ PD-1+ T cells (27.3% vs. 12.35%, < 0.0001). Linear regression confirmed group membership independently predicted higher CD3+ (β = +21.92, < 0.001), CD4+ (β = +28.87, < 0.0001), and CD19+ (β = +8.73, = 0.002) percentages. Lipid parameters and SCORE2 did not differ significantly. Despite virologic suppression and CD4+ recovery, immune exhaustion markers remain elevated in newly diagnosed PLWH, suggesting incomplete immune normalization. Traditional parameters (CD4+ count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio) may not fully capture immune status, warranting broader immunologic profiling in HIV care.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383464 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13081885 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Genome sequencing reveals the impact of pseudoexons in rare genetic disease.
Genet Med
September 2025
Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Purpose: Advancements in sequencing technologies have significantly improved clinical genetic testing, yet the diagnostic yield remains around 30-40%. Emerging technologies are now being deployed to address the remaining diagnostic gap.
Methods: We tested whether short-read genome sequencing could increase the diagnostic yield in individuals enrolled into the UCI-GREGoR research study, who had suspected Mendelian conditions and prior inconclusive testing.
Development and validation of a measure of sensory sensitivity - the Sensory Sensitivity Profile: a Rasch analysis.
Scand J Rheumatol
September 2025
The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Objective: Pain hypersensitivity and hypersensitivity to other sensory modalities (visual, auditory, olfactory, and tactile) are considered defining features in nociplastic pain states. A self-report measure of sensory sensitivity may help to characterize sensory profiles across pain populations. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of a newly developed Danish nine-item Sensory Sensitivity Profile (SSP) questionnaire in patients with fibromyalgia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasagittal dural space and arachnoid granulations morphology in pre-clinical and early clinical multiple sclerosis.
Mult Scler
September 2025
Neuroimaging Unit, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Neurology, VA Medical Center, TN Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: There is limited knowledge on the post-glymphatic structures such as the parasagittal dural (PSD) space and the arachnoid granulations (AGs) in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Objectives: To evaluate differences in volume and macromolecular content of PSD and AG between people with newly diagnosed MS (pwMS), clinically isolated syndrome (pwCIS), or radiologically isolated syndrome (pwRIS) and healthy controls (HCs) and their associations with clinical and radiological disease measures.
Methods: A total of 69 pwMS, pwCIS, pwRIS, and HCs underwent a 3.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Paradoxes in PCR-Positive, Histopathology-Negative CNS Aspergillosis in A Patient with HIV and Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Eur J Case Rep Intern Med
August 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Trinity Health Oakland Hospital, Pontiac, USA.
Background: Invasive central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis is rare among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients due to preserved neutrophil function, despite significant CD4+ T-cell depletion. Diagnosis typically requires histopathologic confirmation, but polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing has introduced new challenges due to its high sensitivity but limited specificity.
Case Presentation: We describe a newly diagnosed 43-year-old HIV-positive male with concurrent Hodgkin lymphoma who presented with progressive neurological decline and a ring-enhancing brain lesion.
Role of Composite Measurable Residual Disease Assessment with PET-CT and flow cytometry in Multiple Myeloma patients undergoing Autologous Transplant.
Blood Cell Ther
August 2025
Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute Of Medical Education And Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Background: Bone marrow (BM) Measurable Residual Disease (MRD) assessments underestimate disease burden in multiple myeloma, as focal lesions can exist outside the marrow. Functional imaging, like positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), offers valuable insights into residual disease beyond the marrow. Combining marrow flow cytometry (FCM) with PET-CT for a composite MRD (cMRD) assessment before and after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is expected to provide prognostic information, particularly in settings where patients receive extended duration of anti-myeloma therapy prior to ASCT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF