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Precise regulation of intrinsic electronic structure of cocatalyst functional material for triggering photocatalyst activity at ultrafast-spatiotemporal atomic levels is crucial to liberate photocatalytic efficiency. Herein, gradient spin-state NiP as cocatalyst simultaneously including spin-electronic configurations of tetra- (Ni─(P)) and penta-coordination (Ni-(P)) is designed for amplifying InS polarization by spin-orbit coupling. So photo-generated e and h from the InS photocatalyst vectorially transfer to Ni 2p and In 3d as redox active sites with charge density enhanced to ≈9.48 and 8.52 folds and long lifetime up to 289% (180.39 ns). Observably, energetic chemical adsorption and activation for *H and *OH at Ni 2p and In 3d are completed through electron nimble transfer into the corresponding orbits, performing an activation energy for HO splitting down to ≈59%. Also, the gradient spin-polarized photocatalytic system with the two regulated electronic structures of NiP as cocatalyst presents a remarkable productivity for solar energy conversion into H of 7.32% at 75 °C under AM 1.5 G irradiation through *OH dehydrogenation and *H coupling paths, ranking in one of the best H-generation catalysts for photocatalytic HO overall splitting. This research first paves a novel path to completely unlock photocatalytic efficiency through regulating spin-electronic structures of cocatalysts.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202508219 | DOI Listing |
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August 2025
School of New Energy, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, 315336, P. R. China.
Precise regulation of intrinsic electronic structure of cocatalyst functional material for triggering photocatalyst activity at ultrafast-spatiotemporal atomic levels is crucial to liberate photocatalytic efficiency. Herein, gradient spin-state NiP as cocatalyst simultaneously including spin-electronic configurations of tetra- (Ni─(P)) and penta-coordination (Ni-(P)) is designed for amplifying InS polarization by spin-orbit coupling. So photo-generated e and h from the InS photocatalyst vectorially transfer to Ni 2p and In 3d as redox active sites with charge density enhanced to ≈9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
Two unprecedented redox-active, low-spin Fe(III)-triradical complexes, [Fe(III)(SS-NHC═S)]·NHC═S (1·NHC═S; E═S) and [Fe(III)(SS-NHC═Se)] (2; E═Se) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by SCXRD. They were further characterized spectroscopically using IR, Raman, EPR, and UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy. The low-spin electronic configuration of the central Fe(III) ion (1) and the nature of the magnetic interaction between the Fe(III) center and the three unpaired electrons in 1 have been investigated by magnetic measurements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
May 2025
Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China.
Experiments have demonstrated that defects can introduce spin polarization and prolong the charge carrier lifetimes of photocatalysts, while the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Using time-dependent density functional theory and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics, our study reveals that the O vacancy in anatase TiO almost does not cause evident electronic spin polarization while it creates a deep trap state within the band gap, functioning as an efficient charge recombination center. Charges are rapidly trapped within a few hundred femtoseconds, leading to fast electron-hole recombination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
April 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
Conformational dynamics of ligands in transition metal complexes can give rise to interesting physical, chemical, spectroscopic, and magnetic properties of the complexes. The changing ligand environment often affects the d-orbital splitting pattern that allows multiple possible ways of electron arrangement in the frontier molecular orbitals, resulting in several closely spaced electronic states with different orbital and spin symmetries. The system can explore these states with either thermal or photophysical means.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
April 2025
Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Asymmetric electron distribution of single-atom catalysts (SAC) is an important means of regulating intrinsic catalytic activity. However, limited by synthetic preparation methods, understanding of the mechanism of asymmetrically coordinated single-atom catalysis is restricted. In this study, leveraging the micropore confinement effect, nitrogen and phosphorus-doped microporous carbon is used as a substrate to successfully anchor singly dispersed Fe atoms, constructing the asymmetrically coordinated single-atom Fe site coordinated with N and P atoms (Fe-SAs/NPC).
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