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The development process of the heart and cardiovascular system is fundamental in human development and highly regulated by genetic factors. This process needs to be highly regulated to prevent malformations. Nevertheless, some heart defects may be identified, especially with modern imaging methodology. Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are particularly common. Understanding the mechanisms involved in ASD formation is fundamental for developing new treatment strategies. In this article, we explore cardiac development and embryology, with a focus on atrial septal defects and their clinical implications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jdb13030028 | DOI Listing |
Eur Radiol Exp
September 2025
Center for MR-Research, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Background: Fetal MRI is increasingly used to investigate fetal lung pathologies, and super-resolution (SR) algorithms could be a powerful clinical tool for this assessment. Our goal was to investigate whether SR reconstructions result in an improved agreement in lung volume measurements determined by different raters, also known as inter-rater reliability.
Materials And Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, fetal lung volumes calculated from both SR reconstructions and the original images were analyzed.
Nat Aging
September 2025
Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC), Beijing, China.
The global surge in the population of people 60 years and older, including that in China, challenges healthcare systems with rising age-related diseases. To address this demographic change, the Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC) has launched the X-Age Project to develop a comprehensive aging evaluation system tailored to the Chinese population. Our goal is to identify robust biomarkers and construct composite aging clocks that capture biological age, defined as an individual's physiological and molecular state, across diverse Chinese cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Aging
September 2025
Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
Beyond their classical functions as redox cofactors, recent fundamental and clinical research has expanded our understanding of the diverse roles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) in signaling pathways, epigenetic regulation and energy homeostasis. Moreover, NAD and NADP influence numerous diseases as well as the processes of aging, and are emerging as targets for clinical intervention. Here, we summarize safety, bioavailability and efficacy data from NAD-related clinical trials, focusing on aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Biol Sci
September 2025
Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology and Infection Biology, Lund University, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden.
Incubation temperature affects both growth and energy metabolism in birds after hatching. Changes in cellular mechanisms, including mitochondrial function, are a likely but unexplored explanation for these effects. To test whether temperature-dependent changes to mitochondria may link embryonic development to the post-natal phenotype, we incubated Japanese quail eggs at constant low (36.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSTAR Protoc
September 2025
Laboratory of Genome Integrity, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Tracking the translocation of fluorescent-based reporters at the single-cell level in living mouse embryos requires specialized expertise in mouse embryology and deep computational skills. Here, we detail an approach to quantify cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity levels in single cells throughout different stages of the pre-implantation embryo. We discuss in vitro culture strategies that enable efficient live fluorescent confocal image acquisition and subsequent cell tracking.
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