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Following a transgression, forgiveness can restore power imbalances and repair damaged bonds, helping maintain important relationships. Yet, we know little about which kinds of responses to transgression best foster forgiveness. Across two studies, with 5- to 9-year-olds in the United States (N = 302; 159 female, 64.2% White, tested in 2022 and 2023), we explore children's evaluations of intervention strategies and their expectations of forgiveness by victims. Our key manipulations were intervention type (compensation, punishment, pardoning, or doing nothing) and intervener role (authority figure, peer, or victim responder; Study 2 only). Our findings show that children's expectations of forgiveness and evaluations depend on who intervenes and how, shedding new light on the relationship between justice-oriented interventions and forgiveness in childhood.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdev.70030 | DOI Listing |
Ann Plast Surg
August 2025
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Objective: Preparation for a career in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) begins long before the residency application process. Given the challenging nature of matching into integrated PRS, the expectations for competitive applicants, including research productivity and networking at conferences, incur significant expenses. Our study is the first to detail the comprehensive costs of pursuing PRS, highlighting many hidden expenses that precede the application process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChild Dev
August 2025
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA.
Following a transgression, forgiveness can restore power imbalances and repair damaged bonds, helping maintain important relationships. Yet, we know little about which kinds of responses to transgression best foster forgiveness. Across two studies, with 5- to 9-year-olds in the United States (N = 302; 159 female, 64.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Soc Psychol
July 2025
Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Victims have the prerogative to withhold forgiveness. However, offenders who apologize may believe that they have acted correctly and can feel wronged by victims who refuse to forgive in return. Indeed, apologetic offenders can perceive victims' non-forgiveness as violating an apology-forgiveness reciprocity norm and as a threat to their own sense of status/power, which makes offenders perceive themselves as victims, and less willing to engage in further reconciliatory behaviour.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV Med
August 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Introduction: As life expectancy among persons with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is increasing, comorbidities and polypharmacy increase. Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are common among persons with HIV with a history of virological failure, since many are receiving boosted ART. We assessed the willingness of individuals with a history of virological failure on a boosted ART to participate in simplification trials and evaluated their expectations towards ART.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFacial Plast Surg
May 2025
Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Destigmatizing reduction rhinoplasty in a structural preservation era.Transition from the classic Joseph rhinoplasty to modern emphasis on structural preservation has imparted negative connotations to the term reduction.Anatomic features that predispose patients to functional compromise must be recognized and addressed in all approaches to ensure successful surgical outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF